Prevalence and associated factors of cervical cancer among women in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Background: cervical cancer is the second commonest disease of women in Ethiopia. Even though, some studies were conducted to assess the prevalence and associated factors of cervical cancer among women in Ethiopia, a variation in reported prevalence across the studies were observed. The aim of this study was to determine the pooled prevalence estimate and associated factors of cervical cancer among women in Ethiopia. Methodology: A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed based on published and gray literatures between 2010 and 2019. Articles were evaluated using Joanna Briggs Institute database guidelines by two independent authors. The pooled prevalence estimate was calculated using MedCalc software-version 19.0.7 and the pooled odd ratios for predictors was calculated using RevMan software version 5.3. A meta-analysis using a mantel Hansen variance random-effects model was performed to assess the amount of variation in between studies. The report was depicted descriptively using pooled estimated prevalence and odd ratios using tables and plots. Result: From 124 retrieved data, 10 full text articles were eligible for the review. The pooled prevalence estimates of cervical cancer among women in Ethiopia using random-effect model was 15.7%, 95%CI (10.8, 21.3%). Statistically significant heterogeneity between studies was detected (I 2 =94.35% (p1, OR=0.40, 95% Cl (0.21,0.27), being HIV positive, OR=0.41,95%CI(0.21,0.75), having history of STI,OR=1.99,95% CI (1.02,3.87), women getting widowed, separated or divorced), OR=0.32, 95% CI(0.14,0.75),income <1000birr, OR=1.78, 95% CI (1.19,2.65) and women had experience of contraceptive use, OR=2.32, 95% CI (1.75,3.43) were had statistical significant association with cervical cancer among women in Ethiopia Conclusion: The pooled prevalence estimate of cervical cancer among women in Ethiopia was high. There was a variation of cervical cancer reports across studies. Reporting of this information in a consistent manner is important for researchers to enhance future studies and also useful for policymakers and practitioners for better understanding of the burden of cervical cancer in Ethiopia for prevention, diagnosis, and early treatment of the disease. Trial registration: This systematic review for registration in PROSPERO was retrospectively registered on June 20,2019.