Design of a Novel Load Balanced Multi-Sink Based Hierarchical Data Gathering Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

The diverse applications of Wireless sensor Networks (WSNs) significantly influences many aspect of human society and life style. One of the prominent research objective of WSNs is to prolong the network life span without degrading its performance. Many researchers have developed cluster based routing and data aggregations technique to meet the above requirements. However, a significant amount of energy has been consumed during cluster formation technique. Therefore, a hierarchical clustering data gathering protocol for multi sink architecture has been proposed. The optimal numbers of sink nodes have been placed to limit communication overhead. In addition to this Additive Silent and Zero Start approach has been adopted to manage the traffic load that increases the lifespan of WSN. The simulation has been carried out in Network Simulator (NS2) and the proposed method outperforms than its existing counterparts with respect to energy consumption, delay, miss ratio and packet delivery ratio.