Broomrapes in Major Mediterranean Crops: From Management Strategies to Novel Approaches for Next Generation Control

Broomrapes (Orobanche & Phelipanche spp.) are parasitic weeds that significantly impact the productivity of major crops in Mediterranean region, like tomato (Solanum spp.) and faba bean (Vicia faba) species. This review article discusses extensively management strategies to control broomrapes, ranging from preventive measures to curative approaches. Additionally, it includes meaningful information to intricate molecular mechanisms underlying the broomrape-host interaction, focusing on host recognition of parasitic plant molecular patterns and the hormonal crosstalk that regulates the establishment of parasitism. Moreover, the article highlights the potential of breeding for resistance in cultivated crops such as tomato and faba bean as a sustainable, long-term solution to combat broomrape infestation. This review serves as a valuable resource for both researchers and farmers offering insights to develop, implement and adapt effective and environmentally sustainable management practices for broomrape in Mediterranean agricultural systems.