Belief updates, learning and adaptive decision making

How do I decide which restaurant to eat at? How do I form and update the beliefs about the world that shape my behavior, from my food preferences to career path? The brain makes decisions large and small that shape our lives and experience. Most of these decisions are based on learned expectations about the world, or beliefs, that are updated dynamically according to ongoing experience. In this article we examine the cognitive, computational, and neural mechanisms that underlie learning and decision making. We first summarize the key advances in our understanding of learning and decision-making research separately and then re-evaluate these findings within a general computation-centered framework.