Low Transcriptomic of PTPRCv1 and CD3E Is an Independent Predictor of Mortality in HIV and Tuberculosis Co–infected Patient

Background: Assessing immunological profiles from HIV-TB co-infection is essential to predict mortality, to facilitate the development of effective assays, the discovery of novel therapeutic targets and to conduct new interventions appropriately. Methods: : Expression levels of 105 immune-related genes were measured at baseline of enrolment from 9 death HIV and TB coinfected study participants during follow-up and 18 survived groups for 2 years and matched controls, using focused gene expression profiling by dual-color Reverse-Transcription Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification assay. Gene expression levels were also measured at six months and 18 th month follow-up. Results: Eleven of the 105 selected genes were differentially expressed between death individuals and survivor matched controls. IL4δ2 was significantly higher expressed in death groups than survivor matched controls, whereas CD3E, IL7R, PTPRCv1, CCL4, GNLY, BCL2, CCL5, NOD1, TLR3 and NLRP13 had significantly lower expression levels in death groups compared to survivor matched controls. The expression of PTPRCv1 , CD3E, CCL5, IL7R , NOD1 , IL4δ2 and GNLY at baseline could accurately predict the mortality from TB-HIV co-infection. Conclusions: The expression of PTPRCv1 , CD3E, CCL5 and IL7R host genes in peripheral blood of patients with TB-HIV coinfected can potentially be used as predictor of mortality in Ethiopian setting. Anti-TB treatment might be less likely to restore gene expression in the level expression of death groups. Therefore, other new therapeutic that can restore these gene (PTPRCv1, CD3E, IL7R and CCL5) in the death groups at baseline might be needed to save lives.