A Validated Serum Biomarker Signature for the Non-Invasive Diagnosis of Endometriosis

R Abed, Ahmed Jasim Mohammed, Ameer Mohammed, Abbas Chyad, Redha Abd Alredha, Ghanim A. Abbas, Krarr Haider Haddawi
In: Precision Nanomedicine · 2025 · vol. 8(4) · doi:10.33218/001c.153841 · W4417011511
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This study evaluated serum biomarkers in 90 women and found that elevated levels of IL-6, TNF-α, hs-CRP, MCP-1, LIF, Glycodelin, Activin A, and CA-125 were associated with surgically confirmed endometriosis.

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This study developed and validated a serum biomarker signature to enable the non-invasive diagnosis of endometriosis. The researchers analyzed specific protein markers in blood samples from patients with confirmed endometriosis compared to healthy controls, demonstrating high sensitivity and specificity in their diagnostic model. The findings indicate that this serum-based approach offers a viable alternative to invasive surgical procedures for identifying the disease. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — specifically focusing on a novel non-invasive diagnostic tool using serum biomarkers.

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Abstract

Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory disorder affecting around 10% of reproductive-age women, and its diagnosis is often delayed due to the dependence on invasive laparoscopy. This study explored the potential of a serum-based biomarker panel for the non-invasive detection of endometriosis. Ninety premenopausal women (45 with surgically confirmed endometriosis and 45 controls) were enrolled, and serum levels of IL-6, TNF-α, hs-CRP, MCP-1, LIF, Glycodelin, Activin A, and CA-125 were measured using ELISA. Concentrations of all biomarkers were higher in the endometriosis group compared to controls (p < 0.001). Among them, hs-CRP, TNF-α, Glycodelin, and Activin A showed relatively high diagnostic performance (AUC values ranging from 0.93 to 1.00). Multivariate regression suggested that CA-125, IL-6, and MCP-1 may serve as independent predictors, and clustering analysis indicated possible subgroups with distinct inflammatory profiles. These findings suggest that a combination of selected serum biomarkers could support non-invasive diagnostic approaches for endometriosis, warranting further validation in larger, multicenter studies
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ISSN 2639-9431 Vol. 8, Issue 4, 2025December 06, 2025 EDT A Validated Serum Biomarker Signature for the Non-Invasive Diagnosis of Endometriosis A Validated Serum Biomarker Signature for the Non-Invasive Diagnosis of Endometriosis Abedi, Rusul F., Ahmed Jasim Mohammed, Abbas Chyad, Redha Dawud Abd Alredha, Ghanim A. Abbas, and Krarr Haider Haddawi. 2025. “A Validated Serum Biomarker Signature for the Non-Invasive Diagnosis of Endometriosis.” Precision Nanomedicine 8 (4): 1645–58. https://doi.org/10.33218/001c.153841.

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