Superoxide dismutase as a protective factor for early renal damage in hypertensive patients

Background: Oxidative stress had been linked to hypertensive renal impairment in previous investigations. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) was a clinically available oxidative stress biomarker. The association between SOD and the early renal damage (ERD) of hypertension has not been established. Methods: A total of 690 patients with essential hypertension (EH) were retrospectively collected in Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital from January 2017 to December 2018. Patients were divided into hypertension with ERD group and hypertension without early renal damage (NRD) group. Clinical data from patients were collected and compared between the two groups. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between UACR and SOD. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to screen for the risk factors for ERD. Results: Our research included 556 cases in the NRD group and 134 cases in the ERD group. The average age of the study participants was 60.24±11.74 years, and the mean values of SBP and DBP were 145.13 mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa) and 85.97 mmHg. Spearman correlation analysis showed that a negative correlation between SOD and UACR (P ＜ 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that SOD was an independent protective factor for hypertension with ERD. Conclusion: SOD was an independent protective factor for early renal damage in hypertensive patients, providing a new direction for the treatment of early renal damage in hypertensive patients.