Smart Wireless Power Transfer: A Review of Integrating AI and Sensing for Next-Generation Robotic and IoT Systems

Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) has emerged as a critical enabler for autonomous systems, offering an alternative to battery replacements or manual charging. However, traditional WPT systems often suffer from limited flexibility, misalignment sensitivity, and inefficiencies in dynamic environments. This paper presents a conceptual and technical overview of a smart WPT system enhanced by Artificial Intelligence (AI) and sensing technologies. Building on a retractable coil design for mid-sized mobile robots, we explore how AI models and sensor feedback can be integrated to optimize alignment, safety, and energy delivery in real-time. We propose applications in mobile robotics, industrial inspection, and smart IoT networks, while also addressing challenges such as misalignment detection, adaptive control, and system integration.