Characteristics of Maxillary Sinus Ostia and Its Correlation With Anatomic Variations of the Osteomeatal Complex and Demographic Parameters

Objectives: Knowledge of the anatomy and variations of the maxillary sinus is essential for high surgery success. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of the primary maxillary ostium (PMO) and accessory maxillary ostium (AMO) in association with demographic and sinonasal findings using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in a statistically highly reliable population. Materials and Methods The CBCT images of 385 patients were examined. The prevalence, localization, and height of PMO and AMO were evaluated with respect to sex, Schneiderian membrane (SM) thickness, concha bullosa, Haller Cells, and septal deviation. Results Analysis showed that the mean PMO diameter was 1.42 ± 0.62 mm. Although 11.6% of the PMO was in the inferior region, 60.4% was in the middle and 28% in the superior region. The mean AMO diameter was 2.55 ± 1.25 mm. Although 45.4% of the AMO was in the inferior region, 48% was in the middle and 6.6% in the superior region. Moreover, SM thickness seemed to influence the height. Conclusion The effect of age and SM on the height and diameter of PMO was found to be statistically significant.A significant positive relationship was found between PMO and AMO height. Also, a significant relationship was observed between the presence of AMO and septum deviation. Clinical Relevance : The presence of AMO, PMO diameter, and height should be added to the preoperative evaluation criteria for the success of sinus floor evaluation. Especially, sinonasal and demographic conditions should be carefully examined preoperatively for the long-term success of the surgery.