Analysis of Climate Factors on Suicide Cases in East Java Province Indonesia in 2015-2018

Abstract Background Suicide is a health problem in developing countries like Indonesia, especially in East Java Province. Some reports suggest that there is a link between suicide and climatic conditions. This implies evidence that climatic conditions tend to influence suicide rates. So far, little is known about the correlation between suicide and climatic conditions, especially in Indonesia, which has two seasons.Methods The research aims to determine the relationship between rainfall, air temperature, air humidity, and wind speed on the incidence of suicides in East Java Province. This study uses a time trend ecological study design where the unit of analysis is months and years for four years. Univariate analysis using the normality test, bivariate analysis using the Pearson correlation test. Data analysis using secondary data. Climate data uses data from the Central Statistics Agency for East Java Province, while data on suicide cases uses data from the General Hospital of Doctor Soetomo Surabaya and the Bhayangkara Hospital.Results There was a relationship between rainfall and suicide cases per month (p = 0.000) and a strong relationship (r = 0.846) with a positive pattern. There is a relationship between air humidity and suicide cases per month (p = 0.028) and a strong relationship (r = 0.634) with a positive pattern. Monthly air temperature, monthly wind speed, annual rainfall, annual air temperature, yearly air humidity, and annual wind speed are unrelated to suicide cases.Conclusions It is concluded that monthly precipitation and monthly air humidity are associated with monthly suicide cases. It needs the cooperation of the East Java Provincial Health Office, related agencies, and the community in utilizing climate data to prevent suicide cases in the future.