Investigating effects of future path visualisation on path choices during collision encounters

Investigating effects of future path visualisation on path choices during collision encounters | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Investigating effects of future path visualisation on path choices during collision encounters vinu Kamalasanan, Stefan Fuest, Monika Sester This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4442952/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 01 Dec, 2024 Read the published version in KN - Journal of Cartography and Geographic Information → Version 1 posted 5 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Safe navigation choices made in walkable spaces highly depend on how a traveller perceives and understands the threat from surrounding travellers’ movements. Hence, if a visual medium like an AR headset provides an augmented view where future paths of others are already shown virtually, this could influence the way a person decides to avoid a potential collision. In this work, taking walking conflicts as an example, we first propose different ways of showing the future path in AR and then investigate whether people decide to walk more safety-consciously when seeing AR information. For this, we conducted a web-based user study (n=27), in which participants sketched their walking paths attempting to avoid collisions after watching AR videos with 3D arrows that represent future walking steps of another person. By applying a sketch transformation pipeline, the participants’ drawings were transformed to trajectories of the preferred walking paths, which where then simulated to estimate the conflict severity using the Post Encroachment Time (PET) metric. The study verified that people choose to adapt their walking paths when seeing the future path information, and also react differently to different types of 3D arrow visualisations that represent the same future path. visualisation safe encounter future path sketches Full Text Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 01 Dec, 2024 Read the published version in KN - Journal of Cartography and Geographic Information → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Major Revision 18 Sep, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 02 Sep, 2024 Reviewers invited by journal 27 May, 2024 Editor assigned by journal 20 May, 2024 First submitted to journal 18 May, 2024 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4442952","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":307260372,"identity":"0bb3c0cd-4a35-49b0-8b68-957bc52500e7","order_by":0,"name":"vinu Kamalasanan","email":"data:image/png;base64,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","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8891-6295","institution":"Leibniz Universitat Hannover Fakultat fur Bauingenieurwesen und Geodasie","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"vinu","middleName":"","lastName":"Kamalasanan","suffix":""},{"id":307260373,"identity":"579a02ad-b252-4dd7-b751-8dee0360abd3","order_by":1,"name":"Stefan Fuest","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Leibniz Universität Hannover: Leibniz Universitat Hannover","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Stefan","middleName":"","lastName":"Fuest","suffix":""},{"id":307260374,"identity":"6f238e89-b6d3-4989-b3e0-d34eb8f04a06","order_by":2,"name":"Monika Sester","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Leibniz Universität Hannover: Leibniz Universitat Hannover","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Monika","middleName":"","lastName":"Sester","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-05-19 04:44:34","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4442952/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4442952/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42489-024-00177-7","type":"published","date":"2024-12-01T15:58:15+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":70390582,"identity":"da1d301a-4e46-4654-a96e-eabaf612e605","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-12-02 17:30:02","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":738614,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Sketchbasedfuturevisualisationreviewcopy.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4442952/v1_covered_a2d265f5-3dea-4a62-b728-8222a1d38da7.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"","formattedTitle":"Investigating effects of future path visualisation on path choices during collision encounters","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"kn-journal-of-cartography-and-geographic-information","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"knjc","sideBox":"Learn more about [KN - Journal of Cartography and Geographic Information](http://link.springer.com/journal/42489)","snPcode":"42489","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/knjc/default.aspx","title":"KN - Journal of Cartography and Geographic Information","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"visualisation, safe encounter, future path, sketches","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4442952/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4442952/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"Safe navigation choices made in walkable spaces highly depend on how a traveller perceives and understands the threat from surrounding travellers’ movements. 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