Gyral Peaks Reveal Brain Function Disparities in Diverse Social Environments

Gyral Peaks Reveal Brain Function Disparities in Diverse Social Environments | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Gyral Peaks Reveal Brain Function Disparities in Diverse Social Environments Guannan Cao, Songyao zhang, Zhibin He, Zifan Wang, Lei Guo, Zhiqiang Yan, and 3 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-5015099/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 04 Feb, 2025 Read the published version in Brain Structure and Function → Version 1 posted 9 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Different social environments play a important role in shaping brain structure and function. Many attempts have been undertaken to connect environmental variations with brain function, which, however, fluctuates over time and is costly, limiting its utility to identify consistent brain markers as well as its application to a broad population. In contrast, brain anatomy is less altered during a short period of time, but it is not fully understood whether it could serve as the environment-sensitive landmark, or its variation is associated with functional one. In this study, we utilized gyral peaks, one group of the early cortical folds, as cortical landmarks, to investigate the environmental influence on brain anatomy, as well as its relation to function and the interpretation from the genetic aspect. Comparative experiments were conducted on two large neuroimaging dataset, Human Connectome Project and Chinese Human Connectome Project, with significant diversity of social environment. We identified peaks that are shared between the two groups and those unique to each of them. In contrast to the shared ones, the unique peaks exhibit significant between-group differences in terms of cortical and functional network attributes, and arespatially associated with working memory networks which are more activated with the presence of these peaks. This result gains supports from gene enrichment analysis where the presence of these peaks are found to regulated by genes related to working memory functions. These findings could provide new knowledge to understanding how environments interplay with brain functions and associate with brain shapes. Brain Functions Cortical Landmarks Environmental Influence Working Memory Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Supplementary Files supply.pdf Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 04 Feb, 2025 Read the published version in Brain Structure and Function → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 30 Sep, 2024 Reviews received at journal 28 Sep, 2024 Reviews received at journal 28 Sep, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 23 Sep, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 14 Sep, 2024 Reviewers invited by journal 03 Sep, 2024 Editor assigned by journal 03 Sep, 2024 Submission checks completed at journal 02 Sep, 2024 First submitted to journal 01 Sep, 2024 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-5015099","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":360486548,"identity":"5f8db8f6-890b-4c19-b6b2-2180d5834766","order_by":0,"name":"Guannan Cao","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Guannan","middleName":"","lastName":"Cao","suffix":""},{"id":360486550,"identity":"7f57dba5-5d0f-4c40-ae2f-93c527d86972","order_by":1,"name":"Songyao zhang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Dalian University of 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