Mathematical Modeling and Optimization of a Bidirectional Resonant Converter for Onboard Electric Vehicle Charging

Mathematical Modeling and Optimization of a Bidirectional Resonant Converter for Onboard Electric Vehicle Charging | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Mathematical Modeling and Optimization of a Bidirectional Resonant Converter for Onboard Electric Vehicle Charging Hrudhya Kurian C, Parag Jose C This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6999144/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract As electric vehicle (EV) adoption accelerates, there is an increasing demand for efficient and compact onboard charging systems. This work introduces a bidirectional AC/DC LCLC resonant converter that inherently achieves power factor correction (PFC) without the need for a separate PFC stage. Unlike traditional resonant converters where low power factor is a concern, the proposed design combines the PFC and resonant operations within the same switching network, resulting in a more integrated and space efficient architecture. A bridgeless rectifier configuration is also implemented to reduce the overall component count and improve efficiency. The converter is based on an enhanced LLC topology, where a capacitor is added in parallel with the magnetizing inductance to create an LCLC structure. This modification leads to improved power conversion efficiency while minimizing the size of passive components. The system maintains output voltage regulation through switching frequency control, allowing it to adapt effectively to dynamic load variations. Additionally, the single stage topology ensures zero voltage switching (ZVS) for the power devices, further minimizing switching losses. With its ability to support both grid to vehicle (G2V) and vehicle to grid (V2G) power transfer, the proposed solution is well suited for next generation EV charging applications. Bidirectional Onboard Charger LCLC Resonant Converter Electric Vehicle Charging Mathematical modeling Unity Power Factor Operation Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6999144","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":502562404,"identity":"e1685290-a560-4caa-8e77-a9d55111993e","order_by":0,"name":"Hrudhya Kurian C","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAABOUlEQVRIie3RsWrCQBjA8S8EkuULWa9EfIYLgVqxxFcxBOwihSKIUGgF4VyKXc3Qh+jW8UrALIcv4GJw6CTolkKHXg4r2KR2LTR/uFzI3Q+OC0BV1R+MyuGoN3Okpg7oaibqyeXAHwnyA9FGB8JPEdLZE1BkHy8erOEId3nDfLCjTZpm4F83Jubb2nq5CB6dJI13DGqNY9Kc9rxWxEIgyyvPQwj7tRjdsSVIEE17lL8ywOboiFCB547FdKBO15An5MFMR21sMeLJJVCE8jJyD/Rsbr5nipipIm1hrk6QGCgxDHk5OQE3J3WKQMuJ0W/hIkEiurqDNMwP5kZPkhAhN4sFKRL9eYmD27o9mWu7bOgHMztZbTfsDu0Hc70dDi7b34hKM77+Fy0ukeL+vI/yz78sVVVVVf2XPgEom2okjaiv9gAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"Christ University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Hrudhya","middleName":"Kurian","lastName":"C","suffix":""},{"id":502562405,"identity":"4bdb0821-108a-48e2-909c-16332a276b1a","order_by":1,"name":"Parag Jose C","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Christ University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Parag","middleName":"Jose","lastName":"C","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-06-28 17:08:17","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6999144/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6999144/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":99789914,"identity":"aa3a56ac-dcbb-45c5-9602-efc4a1f5ccd6","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-01-08 12:51:01","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1911018,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"springerbidirectional.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6999144/v1_covered_9bdacfbf-528c-4c5b-8a28-0136ec96073c.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Mathematical Modeling and Optimization of a Bidirectional Resonant Converter for Onboard Electric Vehicle Charging","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Bidirectional Onboard Charger, LCLC Resonant Converter, Electric Vehicle Charging, Mathematical modeling, Unity Power Factor Operation","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6999144/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6999144/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eAs electric vehicle (EV) adoption accelerates, there is an increasing demand for efficient and compact onboard charging systems. 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