An educational pathway and teaching materials for first aid training of children in Sub-Saharan Africa based on the best available evidence

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Since evidence from Western countries has shown that children are able to learn first aid, first aid training of children in LMIC may be a promising way forward. Hence, our project aim was to develop contextualized materials to train Sub-Saharan African children in first aid, based on the best available evidence. Methods Systematic literature searches were conducted to identify studies on first aid education to children up to 18 years old (research question one), and studies investigating different teaching approaches (broader than first aid) in LMIC (research question two). A multidisciplinary expert panel translated the evidence to the context of Sub-Saharan Africa, and evidence and expert input were used to develop teaching materials. Results For question one, we identified 58 studies, measuring the effect of training children in resuscitation, first aid for skin wounds, poisoning etc. For question two, two systematic reviews were included from which we selected 36 studies, revealing the effectiveness of several pedagogical methods, such as problem-solving instruction and small-group instruction. However, the certainty of the evidence was low to very low. Hence expert input was necessary to formulate training objectives and age ranges based on “good practice” whenever the quantity or quality of the evidence was limited. The experts also placed the available evidence against the African context. Conclusions The above approach resulted in an educational pathway (i.e. a scheme with educational goals concerning first aid for different age groups), a list of recommended educational approaches, and first aid teaching materials for children, based on the best available evidence and adapted to the African context. Educational Philosophy and Theory Critical Care & Emergency Medicine Pediatrics first aid training health education schools children first aid knowledge first aid skills helping behavior Evidence-Based Practice Sub-Saharan Africa low- and middle-income countries Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 1. Background In Sub-Saharan Africa, approximately 5·1 million deaths each year are attributable to conditions that could have potentially been addressed by prehospital and emergency care [1], which is however underdeveloped in the majority of low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) [2, 3]. Hence, first aid training is promoted by the World Bank as a very cost-effective way to decrease the burden of disease and injury, with a cost of only 8 USD per disability-adjusted life year averted [1]. Although most studies demonstrating the effectiveness of first aid training programmes for adults were conducted in Western contexts [4-8], some studies from Sub-Saharan Africa are also available [9-11], and several African Red Cross National Societies organize first aid trainings for adult laypeople. These trainings were mostly based on materials from Western former colonisers (e.g. the UK, France), which provided a useful basis, but did not take into account the distinct African context. The need for contextualized African materials was expressed by several African Red Cross National Societies in response to a survey sent out by the Belgian Red Cross in 2009, that aimed to collect information on the availability and source of first aid training materials in African Red Cross societies [2]. In an attempt to meet these needs, contextualized and evidence-based African First Aid Materials (AFAM) were developed and released in 2011, providing guidance on up-to-date first aid techniques, as well as injury and disease prevention advice specific for the African context [2]. Since emerging evidence from Western countries has shown that children and adolescents from 5 to 18 years old are able to learn certain first aid techniques and are willing to provide help [12-16], first aid training of children seems a promising way forward in order to maximize impact. However, to our knowledge evidence-based guidelines or teaching materials concerning first aid training to children in LMIC are currently non-existent. As we believe that context is of paramount importance (e.g. to decide on which topics to include, to take into account local habits and beliefs, to take into account local resources and available equipment) we decided to develop materials specifically for the African context. To support the development of materials to train children in first aid, and to facilitate the integration of first aid training into the school curriculum, an educational pathway may be a useful tool. An educational pathway is an instrument that indicates how children can achieve necessary competences over a certain period of time. It is based on the spiral cognitive theory of learning, stating that “any subject can be taught effectively in some intellectually honest form to any child at any stage of development” [17]. Within an educational pathway (or “spiral curriculum”) basic facts of a topic are taught first, and complexity gradually increases as the child’s age and learning progresses. Reemphasis (“repeated exposure” or “scaffolding”) helps to reinforce and solidify the learning content, so that it can enter the learner’s long-term memory. In the field of first aid, such repetition could help to automate actions, so that learners no longer have to think about each step during stressful first aid situations. In addition to the importance of the child’s age, the teaching strategy used during the first aid training also affects the child’s knowledge, skills, and attitude. Evidence-based education research, based on many meta-analyses, has shown that classroom methods such as cooperative learning, and feedback or problem-solving methods are effective educational methods that improve learning [18, 19]. However, the evidence base mainly consists of Western studies, and less is known about effective educational methods in LMIC. The aims of this project were: (1) to develop an educational pathway for first aid training to children (5-18 years) in Sub-Saharan Africa making use of the best available evidence, and (2) to create an overview of effective educational methods in the Sub-Saharan African context, with the overall aim of developing teaching materials for first aid training of Sub-Saharan African children 2. Methods To provide a basis for the educational pathway and teaching materials, several systematic literature searches were performed. The reporting of the systematic literature reviews was done according to the PRISMA statements (Additional File 1) [20]. No protocol for the systematic literature searches was published beforehand. 2.1 Selection of first aid topics The following topics were included in the educational pathway: ‘general principles’, ‘four main steps in first aid’ (including the assessment of consciousness, and knowledge about fainting), ‘resuscitation’, ‘choking’, ‘skin wounds’, ‘burns’, ‘bleeding’, ‘poisoning’, ‘injuries to bones, muscles or joints’, ‘stings and bites’, ‘fever’, ‘diarrhoea’, and ‘epilepsy’. This choice was based on the content of the previously developed AFAM [2], epidemiological data on disease burden for Sub-Saharan Africa, and expert input. The topic ‘disaster principles’ was added after the consensus meeting (see 2.5), since the expert panel considered it a highly relevant topic in the Sub-Saharan African context. 2.2 Systematic literature searches and study selection Our first research question concerned the effectiveness of first aid education to children of different age groups, on first aid knowledge, skills, and attitude. A similar and previously published systematic review (search date: 2012) was used as a basis for the current searches [12]New first aid topics were added and selection criteria were adapted to the African context (e.g. training on the use of an automated external defibrillator was not included due to limited resource availability). Several parallel literature searches were performed for each of the different first aid topics mentioned above, either by updating the existing literature searches (publication date between previous search dates (January 2012)(12) and the current search date (March 23 2017)) or by developing new search strategies for new topics. All searches were run in two databases (MEDLINE and Embase). Search strategies and selection criteria can be found in Additional files 2 and 3, respectively. Our second research question concerned the effectiveness of different educational approaches on children’s knowledge, skills, and attitude in LMIC. Instead of focusing on first aid education, we broadened this research question to education in general. We searched for existing systematic reviews published between 2012 and 2017 (The Campbell Library, MEDLINE, Embase, ERIC and the 3ie Database of Systematic Reviews), since we only wanted to include the most recent educational approaches. Search strategies and selection criteria can be found in Additional files 4 and 5, respectively. The scope of the educational interventions of interest was narrowed to three categories: (1) the provision of traditional hardware instructional materials (e.g. text books, flip-charts), (2) use of ‘structured pedagogy interventions’ ( i.e. a combination of newly developed structured lesson content and teacher training in delivering such materials, whether or not in combination with teacher and/or student materials), and (3) use of alternative pedagogical methods (e.g. cooperative teaching, constructivist-based teaching, problem-solving method of teaching). Study selection was done by 1 reviewer for both research questions, based on title and abstract, and subsequently based on full text. 2.3 Data extraction, data synthesis and quality assessment For both research questions, the following data were extracted by a single reviewer: study design; characteristics of the population (number of participants, age range); characteristics of the specific programmes (content, duration); methods of outcome measurement; means, mean differences (MDs), and confidence intervals (CIs) for continuous data, and risks, risk ratios (RRs), and CIs for dichotomous data. In addition, a risk of bias assessment of all individual studies, and an assessment of the overall certainty of evidence (per outcome for question one, and per intervention for question two) was performed using the GRADE approach [21]. For research question one, the evidence was synthesized in a narrative way, because meta-analysis was not possible due to heterogeneity at population, intervention and outcome level. For research question two, effect sizes were extracted from the meta-analyses performed in the identified systematic reviews. 2.4 Making a first draft of the educational pathway Based on the best available evidence collected under research question one, a first version of the educational pathway was drafted for 2-year age groups (5-6 years, 7-8 years etc.). When evidence was scarce or of low quality, we only formulated training objectives without a specific proposal for the age ranges. For each of the first aid topics, different training objectives were listed and categorized as competences at one of the three following levels (based on the 3 learning domains of Bloom’s Taxonomy of Educational Objectives [22]): (1) Knowledge: defined as the acquired information stored in the memory in an organized manner, (2) Skill: defined as the ability to practically apply the acquired information into a certain action, or (3) Attitude: defined as the willingness/self-efficacy to show a particular behavior. In line with the idea of gradually increasing complexity (according to Bruner’s spiral cognitive theory of learning [17]), we indicated at what age each of the objectives should be: (1) encouraged: the trainer actively pays attention to a certain goal and encourages the children to achieve the goal, (2) known: the trainer makes explicit efforts so that all the children can acquire a certain knowledge item, skill or attitude, or (3): repeated: the trainer repeats and emphasizes the purpose consciously for the children who have already reached the objective and strives to reach the learners who have not yet achieved the objective. 2.5 Consensus meeting and finalizing the educational pathway, based on the best available evidence In a next step, a panel of experts, consisting of 4 first aid practitioners of several African Red Cross National Societies, as well as 6 academic educational experts and clinicians from Sub-Saharan origin (French and English speaking countries), and chaired by HG, was gathered for consultation in Johannesburg, South Africa (November 17-18 2017). Before the start of the meeting, the draft educational pathway and specific preparatory questions were sent to the panel members. The goal of the meeting was two-fold: (1) to discuss the draft educational pathway (age ranges and training objectives), especially where evidence was scarce or of low quality, to adapt the educational pathway to the local context, and to reach consensus on the final pathway; and (2) to compile a list of effective educational approaches for children, tailored to the Sub-Saharan context. More details on the preparatory questions to the panel and on how consensus was reached to achieve these goals can be found in Additional file 6. In short, for each question/item asked to the panel, opinions were collected and a discussion was held in case of disagreement. Next, a proposal was made by the chair, and consensus was sought by hand-raising. If consensus was not reached (i.e. no unanimous agreement), concerns were further addressed in a second discussion and the proposal was further adapted until full consensus was reached. During the consensus meeting, the expert panel argued that ‘disaster principles’ would be very relevant to add as a first aid topic in the pathway. As none of the identified studies looked at disaster principles as part of the first aid training, it was decided to only formulate knowledge objectives and to agree on appropriate age ranges based on expert opinion only (without searching for additional evidence). 2.6 Development of teaching materials In a last phase, teaching materials were developed, taking into account: (1) the educational pathway, showing which first aid competences can be achieved at a certain age, (2) the list of effective educational methods, and (3) the content of the evidence-based AFAM, which was updated in 2016 ( i.e . the specific first aid interventions) [2]. These teaching materials were circulated electronically for feedback from the expert panel, and a final conference call was organized to discuss this feedback and finalise the materials in November 2018. 3. Results 3.1 Study identification and study characteristics For research question one, 58 studies were identified (see figure 1). Of these, 43% (25 studies) was performed in Europe, whereas only 4% (two studies) were conducted in Africa. For the first aid topics other than ‘resuscitation’, evidence was scarce or even non-existent. Detailed characteristics of the 58 included studies are listed in Additional file 7. For research question two, 819 references were screened and finally two systematic reviews were included (see figure 2). The first systematic review included 238 (quasi-)experimental studies, conducted in LMIC, studying a large range of interventions aimed at improving school enrolment, attendance, drop-out, completion and learning as primary outcomes [23]. Of interest to our research question were four studies looking at the provision of instructional materials (e.g. textbooks, flip-charts), and 19 studies investigating structured pedagogy interventions (as defined above). The second systematic review was a PhD thesis of 66 (quasi-)experimental studies, conducted in Sub-Saharan Africa, that looked at the same interventions as listed above, as well as interventions focused on improving repetition and retention rates [24]. Of these, we included 16 studies on the use of alternative pedagogical methods, of which three were also included in the category of structured pedagogy interventions. Detailed study characteristics are presented in Additional file 8. 3.2 Best available evidence on the effectiveness of first aid training to children In the paragraphs below, the findings concerning the effectiveness of first aid training interventions for ‘burns’, ‘bleeding’, and ‘skin wounds’ are discussed in detail. The detailed findings on the other first aid topics, as well as the risk of bias and certainty of evidence, can be consulted in Additional file 7. In total, we identified six studies that included burns in their training programme (see Table 1 for study characteristics, and Table 2 for study findings) [25-30]. A statistically significant increase in first aid knowledge was shown after attending a first aid training course, compared to the baseline situation or control group without training, in children of 6-7 years old (MD(%): 27, 95% CI [11;40]) [27], 10-11 years old (MD: 0.2, 95% CI [0.08;0.32]) [26], 10-15 years old (OR: 1.83, p=0.026) [27], and 11-15 years old (RR: 19.80, p<0·001, immediately after the course; RR: 20.00, p<0.001, after two months follow-up) [30]. Two studies also measured the children’s skills, by providing an audio-recorded scenario with a severe burn injury in a toddler or a description of a situation requiring first aid for burns [25, 30]. In a pre-post study with 11- to 15-year-olds, a significant increase in first aid skills was found (RR: 189.00, p<0·001, immediately after training; RR: 149.00, p<0·001, after two months follow-up) [30]. However, in a study with 11- to 16-year-olds that used a placebo training (on tobacco and alcohol prevention) as a control, no increase in skills concerning the order of first aid responses and listing the correct procedures, could be demonstrated (RR: 7.52, 95% CI [0.89;63.69] and RR: 1.05, 95% CI [0.91;1.21], respectively) [25]. Three studies reported on the effectiveness of first aid training concerning bleeding and skin wounds [25, 29, 30]. A statistically significant increase of knowledge concerning first aid for bleeding or skin wounds was found in children of 11 years onwards. The study by Campbell et al. in 11- to 16-year-olds showed a significant improvement in skills concerning the order of first aid responses in case of bleeding or skin wounds, but not in listing the correct procedures [25]. The certainty of the evidence was very low for the three topics. 3.3 Best available evidence on the effectiveness of educational interventions in LMIC We identified four studies on the provision of instructional materials to primary schools or their individual students in three different LMIC (India, Kenya and Sierra Leone), from the meta-analyses by Snilstveit et al. (2015) [23]. It could not be demonstrated that the provision of textbooks, flip-charts, or grants used directly for the purchase of materials, results in a statistically significant increase in composite test scores (SMD: 0.01±0.01, 95% CI [-0.01;0.02], p=0.23), language arts test scores (SMD: 0.00±0.01, 95% CI [-0.02;0.02], p=0.78) or mathematics test scores (SMD: -0.02±0.02, 95% CI [-0.06;0.02], p=0.26). The final certainty of evidence was low. In total, 17 (quasi-)experimental studies provided 41 effect sizes on using alternative pedagogical methods on learning or testing outcomes of students attending primary or secondary schools across seven African countries (Nigeria, Kenya, Ghana, South Africa, Uganda, Liberia and Mali) [24]. Compared to the use of conventional teaching methods (mostly lecturing), the use of alternative pedagogical methods, such as problem-solving instruction, small-group instruction, guided-inquiry instruction, cooperative instruction and constructivist instruction, was shown to significantly increase the students’ learning or testing outcomes (Cohen’s d: 0.918±0.314, 95% CI [0.25;1.59], p<0.05). The certainty of evidence was rated as low. Concerning structured pedagogy interventions, we obtained evidence from 19 studies in primary and secondary school students in 12 LMIC (Sudan, Kenya, Uganda, South Africa, Liberia, Mali, India, Cambodia, The Philippines, Chile, Brazil and Costa Rica) [23]. When comparing these interventions to no or other small educational interventions, a statistically significant increase in composite test scores (SMD: 0.06±0.01, 95% CI [0.03;0.08], p<0.0001), language arts test scores (SMD: 0.23±0.05, 95% CI [0.13;0.34], p<0.001) and mathematics test scores (SMD: 0.14±0.03, 95% CI [0.08;0.20], p<0.001) was observed. Significant changes in cognitive test scores could not be demonstrated (SMD: 0.01±0.03, 95% CI [-0.04;0.07], p=0.66). The certainty of evidence was downgraded to low. Study findings are provided in Table 3, whereas study characteristics and determination of the certainty of evidence can be found in Additional file 8. 3.4 Educational pathway on first aid for Sub-Saharan Africa The best available evidence on the effectiveness of first aid training to children was used to draft the educational pathway, which was then discussed with the expert panel for context adaptation. Since the certainty of evidence was low to very low, the expert panel had a very important role in formulating and approving training objectives and age ranges. Overall, the panel did not often disagree on the specific age ranges at which certain learning objectives should be encouraged, known or repeated. However, for some topics there was more disagreement among the panel members and a more extensive discussion was necessary, e.g. the inclusion of major incidents/disaster management as a topic, the inclusion of psychological first aid as an intervention, the management of fever, the competence of putting on gloves, the objective of willingness to touch a stranger. In each case of disagreement, arguments were listed and discussed, and a proposal was made by the chair until full consensus was achieved. An example of how the pathway was adapted to the African context deals with seeking help from a medical care provider. In the draft pathway, it was proposed that children should know how to seek help from a medical care provider at the age of 7-8 years. Since medical care is less accessible in Africa than in high income countries, the expert panel decided to postpone this to the age of 9-10 years, and to keep on repeating until the age of 18 years. A second example deals with the general first aid competence of handwashing before and after administering first aid. Because of the higher prevalence of infectious diseases in the African context, the panel proposed to repeatedly train children until the age of 18 years. For the topic of burns, evidence showed that children of 6-7 years old can be taught how to correctly provide first aid [28]. The expert panel extrapolated the evidence on burns knowledge in a consistent way to the topics of bleeding and skin wounds, since evidence on the latter topics for children under 11 years was lacking, hence concluding that children should have acquired the basic knowledge at the age of 7-8 years. More advanced knowledge should be attained at the age of 11-12 years (e.g. children know the link between tetanus and skin wounds), or at the age of 13-14 years (e.g. children know the different types of burns). Based on the opinion of the experts, only one knowledge item should already be acquired at the age of 5-6 years: the most common causes of burns ( i.e. hot water, fire, flames). Skills competences were set in accordance with the knowledge items. The final version of the pathway can be found in Table 4 (for the topics ‘burns’, ‘bleeding’, and ‘skin wounds’) and Additional file 9 (for all topics). 3.5 Teaching materials for first aid training to children in Sub-Saharan Africa The panel members agreed to cluster the 2-year age ranges of the educational pathway into 3 broader age groups for the development of separate teaching materials (5-8 years old, 9-12 years old and 13-18 years old). Also, they agreed on a number of recommended educational methods, applicable to the African context. An overview of these methods, the age groups for which they are (most) appropriate, as well as their strengths and weaknesses, is presented in Table 5. The top three of most appropriate and successful teaching methods for each age group is presented in figure 3. Text messaging and the use of individual worksheets for children were perceived as non-feasible or non-desirable educational methods. Following the panel meeting, teaching materials were developed for the age group of 9- to 12-year-olds, incorporating the recommended teaching methods for this age group. The competencies to be achieved when following a training using these materials were based on the content of the educational pathway, again for this specific age group. 5. Discussion Our educational pathway on first aid, based on the best evidence available, links key learning objectives concerning first aid to a child’s specific age range (see Additional file 9). It denominates which topics can be covered when training children in first aid, visualizes the time points at which certain items should receive attention, and it is adapted to the African context. The final educational pathway has been laid out in an easy-to-use version, including explanations on how to use it (both the pathway and AFAM are freely downloadable from the Belgian Red Cross website after registration) [31]. One of the successes of this project is that the educational pathway, together with the list of effective educational methods, was immediately used to develop teaching materials for first aid training to African children. The final training materials were piloted in Zimbabwe, where 6 trainers were trained (Train-the-Trainer model) and then went to 6 different schools in 2 provinces (a rural, urban and semi-urban school in each province) to provide 2-hour trainings to 12- to 16-year-old children. Those trainings have been observed and the trainers and children were asked to give feedback on the manual and the used educational methods (in terms of satisfaction, feasibility, appropriateness etc.). Based on this feedback, some final changes were made to the training manual. The project is currently being implemented in Zimbabwe, Malawi, Zambia and Lesotho, and further roll-out (in other countries) is being planned. Our project has some important limitations. First, the systematic literature searches we performed are not systematic reviews, which is translated into the fact that only 1 reviewer conducted the study selection and data extraction, only two databases were searched for evidence on first aid training of children, and a very focused set of selection criteria was used. The reason behind this choice, which is made by many guideline developers because of feasibility reasons, is that these reviews were part of a larger guideline project in which the evidence conclusions were translated into recommendations and teaching materials. Although this can be considered a limitation of the used review method, we believe that including an expert panel can serve as a back-up for this limitation. Second, for several first aid topics, including ‘skin wounds’, ‘burns’, ‘bleeding’, ‘injuries to bones, muscles or joints’, and ‘poisoning’, a very limited amount of evidence or no evidence was found. Therefore, many gaps had to be filled by the expert panel, based on their expertise and consensus. In addition, almost half of the studies were European studies, and only four African studies are currently included in the evidence base, which can be seen as a source of indirectness. For the educational studies, the majority of the studies looked at mathematics and language courses, which again is a source of indirectness. Third, the quality/certainty of the obtained evidence was in most cases low to very low. This is mainly due to the less rigorous study designs that are typically used to study educational programme effectiveness, including many uncontrolled before-after studies. There was also a high degree of heterogeneity between the studies, especially at the intervention level (with many differences in the content, delivery and duration of the training programme), and outcome level (measured in many different ways and at different time points). Again, this led to a very prominent role for the expert panel, and many recommendations (learning objectives/age ranges) had to be based on expert opinion. Nevertheless, this project has several important implications for practice. First, the educational pathway on first aid can be used by first aid trainers to help them decide which content to teach to children of certain age ranges. Second, the educational pathway may be a useful tool for advocating the importance of first aid in health education with the Ministry of Health/Ministry of Education of Sub-Saharan African countries. In Zimbabwe, it was recently decided by law to integrate first aid education in the school curriculum. Third, the evidence on the effectiveness of first aid training to children (Additional file 7), which is independent of any geographical region, can be used to develop similar first aid educational pathways, and accompanying training materials, for other contexts or countries, but appropriateness and feasibility for the specific context or target group should be discussed and adaptations to the context should be made with local experts. Since we identified several gaps in research and the certainty of the available evidence was low to very low, we also want to advocate for higher quality future research, that use appropriate control groups, on the effectiveness of first aid training to children in different geographical regions on several learning outcomes. This will allow further development of improved first aid materials. Conclusions The available evidence we identified, together with input from a multidisciplinary expert panel, was used as a basis to (1) develop an educational pathway for first aid training of Sub-Saharan African children (5-18 years), and to (2) create an overview of effective educational methods in the Sub-Saharan African context. The educational pathway shows which educational goals can be achieved within specific age groups, and represents a useful tool to design a first aid curriculum for children. Both the pathway and the overview of educational methods were used to develop teaching materials for first aid training of children in Sub-Saharan Africa. The quantity and certainty of the evidence was low but provided a framework for the pathway and teaching materials, and highlights the clear need for higher quality research in the future. Declarations Ethics approval Not applicable Consent for publication Not applicable Availability of data and materials All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article and its supplementary information files. Competing interests All authors, except HG, are in employment at Belgian Red Cross and receive no other funding. The activities of the Belgian Red Cross include the provision of first aid training to laypeople, and the support of African Red Cross National Societies in the development of first aid materials. Funding This work was funded by the Foundation for Scientific Research of the Belgian Red Cross, but the Foundation was not involved in the study design, in data collection, analysis and interpretation, and in writing of the manuscript. Authors' contributions PV conceived the research project. ACV and KD conducted the systematic literature search for research question 1, and JL for research question 2. EDB supervised the project, revised all literature searches, composed the expert panel and drafted the educational pathway. EDB, JL and HG prepared the expert panel meeting. EDB and JL presented the evidence during the expert panel meeting, which was chaired by HG. HG was reponsible for reaching consensus among the panel members. EDB and JL revised the educational pathway based on the expert input and drafted the manuscript, which was critically revised by all other co-authors. Acknowledgements This work was made possible through funding from the Foundation for Scientific Research of the Belgian Red Cross. We would like to thank the members of the multidisciplinary expert panel who did not co-author this paper, but have made invaluable contributions to this project by providing their expert insights and opinions: Wenceslas Nzabalirwa (School of Education, College of Education, University of Rwanda, Rwanda), Sarah Kiguli (Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda), Beatrice Musindo (VVOB (Flemish Association for Development Cooperation and Technical Assistance), Harare, Zimbabwe), Wayne Smith (Emergency Medicine Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa), Rosalie Bikorindagara (Institut de pédagogie appliquée, Université du Burundi, Bujumbura, Burundi), Henriette Ramanambelina (Ecole Normale Supérieure de l’Université d’Antananarivo, Madagascar), Maël Rabemananjara (Madagascar Red Cross Society, Madagascar), Golden Mukwecheni (Zimbabwe Red Cross Society, Zimbabwe), Didier Dusabe (Burundi Red Cross Society, Burundi), Elke Weyenbergh (Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Belgium). 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Gender aspects in cardiopulmonary resuscitation by schoolchildren: A systematic review. Resuscitation. 2018;125:70- Schroeder DC, Ecker H, Wingen S, Semeraro F, Bottiger BW. "Kids Save Lives"-resuscitation training for schoolchildren : Systematic review. Anaesthesist. 2017;66(8):589-97. Reveruzzi B, Buckley L, Sheehan M. School-Based First Aid Training Programs: A Systematic Review. J Sch Health. 2016;86(4):266-72. Plant N, Taylor K. How best to teach CPR to schoolchildren: a systematic review. Resuscitation. 2013;84(4):415-21. Bruner JS. The process of education. Cambridge, Massachusetts London, England: Harvard University Press; 1960. 92 p. Hattie J, Clarke S. Visible Learning: A Synthesis of Over 800 Meta-Analyses Relating to Achievement. New York: Routledge; 2008. 392 p. Education Endowment Foundation: Evidence summaries. https://educationendowmentfoundation.org.uk/evidence-summaries/ (2019). Accessed 14 May 2019. Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. PLoS Med. 2009;6(7):e1000097. Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Vist GE, Kunz R, Falck-Ytter Y, Alonso-Coello P, et al. GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations. BMJ. 2008;336(7650):924-6. Bloom BS. Taxonomy of educational objectives: The classification of educational goals (1st ed.). Longman Group; 1956. 207 p. Snilstveit B, Stevenson J, Phillips D, Vojtkova M, Gallagher E, Schmidt T, et al. Interventions for improving learning outcomes and access to education in low-and middle-income countries: a systematic review. 3ie Systematic Review. 2015;24:1-851. Conn K. Identifying effective education interventions in Sub-Saharan Africa: a meta-analysis of rigorous impact evaluations: Columbia University; 2014. Campbell NR, Ayala GX, Litrownik AJ, Slymen DJ, Zavala F, Elder JP. Evaluation of a first aid and home safety program for Hispanic migrant adolescents. Am J Prev Med. 2001;20(4):258-65. Frederick K, Bixby E, Orzel MN, Stewart-Brown S, Willett K. An evaluation of the effectiveness of the Injury Minimization Programme for Schools (IMPS). Inj Prev. 2000;6(2):92-5. Heard JP, Latenser BA, Liao J. Burn prevention in Zambia: a work in progress. J Burn Care Res. 2013;34(6):598-606. Uray T, Lunzer A, Ochsenhofer A, Thanikkel L, Zingerle R, Lillie P, et al. Feasibility of life-supporting first-aid (LSFA) training as a mandatory subject in primary schools. Resuscitation. 2003;59(2):211-20. Wilks J, Kanasa H, Pendergast D, Clark K. Emergency response readiness for primary school children. Aust Health Rev. 2016;40(4):357-63. Wafik W, Tork H. Effectiveness of a first-aid intervention program applied by undergraduate nursing students to preparatory school children. Nurs Health Sci. 2014;16(1):112-8. African First Aid Materials (AFAM). https://www.rodekruis.be/en/what-do-we-do/afam/ . Accessed 14 May 2019. Tables Table 1. Characteristics of included studies on the effectiveness of first aid education for burns, bleeding and skin wounds. Author, year, Country Study design Population Comparison/Risk factor Remarks Campbell, 2001, USA (25) Experimental: randomised controlled trial Nr. of participants: 660 students: - 51% males - 49% females Two arms: Intervention n=293 Control n=367 Age range: 11-16 years Mean ± SD: 13 ± 1·11 years Intervention : Programme: First aid and home safety training Content: Emergency care, fever and first aid kit, bleeding, burns, fractures, dislocations and sudden illness, sports injury and prevention, poisoning, bites, stings and allergies, first aid review and household safety. Control : Programme: Tobacco and alcohol prevention programme Content: Health effects of smoking and alcohol, peer pressure, decision making, societal influences and refusal skills. Duration (intervention + control): 8 sessions (2 hours/session) spread over a 7-to 10-week period Outcomes were measured before, immediately after and 1 year after training. Knowledge: - Emergency response procedures (check-call-care) First aid kit [only knowledge data for FA procedure were extracted] Skills: Responses to two audio-recorded scenarios: scenario 1. severe wound from glass; scenario 2. severe burn injury from a toddler. Type and order of responses were scored: Check the scene and victim Call 911 Care for the victim Attitude: First aid confidence Frederick, 2000, UK (26) Experimental: controlled before after study Nr. of participants: 1096 students Sex not reported Two arms: Intervention n=542 Control n=554 Age range: 10-11 years Intervention : Programme: Injury Minimization Program for Schools (IMPS) Content: Road safety, accidents in the home, fire, electricity, poisons, waterways, basic life support and resuscitation skills. Lecture + video + hands-on manikin training + hospital/emergency department visit. Duration: Not reported. Spread over 1 academic year Contro l: No intervention. Outcomes were measured before and 5 months after training. Knowledge: Self-developed quiz Skills: Performance on a basic life support scenario. [only measured post intervention] Attitude: Record observations of dangerous behavior in a video [attitude data were not extracted] [only post-training data were extracted] Heard, 2013, USA (27) Observational: cohort study Nr. of participants: 2747 students: Sex not reported Three surveys: 2011 survey n=550 2012 survey n=2197 2012 resurvey n=312 (= based on same sample as from 2011) Age range: 10-15 years Intervention : Programme: Burn care and prevention Content: use of cool water on acute burn injury, burn and fire safety presentation and coloring book + crayons. Duration: Not reported Outcomes were measured before (2012) and 11 months after training (2012 resurvey). Knowledge: 10-item survey on burn first aid. [data from 2011 survey were not extracted] Uray, 2003, Austria (28) Observational: before after study Nr. of participants: 47 students: 20 males 27 females Age range: 6-7 years Intervention : Programme: First aid training Content : Emergency call, CPR, AED, recovery position, bleeding and burns. Demonstration + hands-on manikin training. Duration: 1 week Outcomes were measured before and immediately after training. Knowledge: Questionnaire in which students had to place three cartoon-like illustrations in the correct sequence Wafik, 2014, Egypt (30) Observational: before after study Nr. of participants: 100 students: - Sex not reported Age range: 11-16 years Mean ± SD: 13·2 ± 0·8 years Intervention : Programme: First aid training Content: wounds, poisoning, chemicals, electrocution, hemorrhage, burns, fractures, choking and basic life support. Lecture + question time + group discussion. Duration: 6 sessions (1 hour/session) Outcomes were measured before, immediately after and 2 months after training. Knowledge : 32 item questionnaire. Skills : Performance on five first aid scenarios (choking, burns, poisoning, and fractures). Wilks, 2016, Australia (29) Observational: before after study Nr. of participants : 107 students: 51 males 56 females Age range : 11-12 years Mean ± SD: 11·4 ± 0 · 5 years Intervention: Programme : First aid, CPR and beach safety training Content : Beach safety; Leadership and team bonding exercises; First aid: sprains, bleeding, choking, heart attack, allergic reactions; Hands-on manikin training Duration: 1 day Outcomes were measured before, 1 week after, and 8 weeks after training. Knowledge: 50-item quiz on emergency services and life-supporting first aid Table 2. Study findings of the studies investigating the effectiveness of first aid education for burns, bleeding and skin wounds. Outcome Comparison Effect Size #studies, # participants Reference BURNS Knowledge 6-7 years Knowledge: Burns FA Pre vs post Statistically significant: MD: 27%, 95% CI [11%;40%] λ (p<0.05)* In favour of first aid training 1, 47 vs 47 § (within subject) Uray, 2003 (28) 10-11 years Knowledge: Burns FA FA training vs no intervention Statistically significant: 1.5±1.0 vs 1.3±1.0 MD: 0.2, 95% CI [0.08;0.32] (p<0.001)* in favour of first aid training 1, 542 vs 554 §(power analysis) Frederick, 2000 (26) 10-15 years Knowledge: what to do when clothes catch fire Pre vs 11 month follow-up Statistically significant: 1873 (85%) vs 179 (57%) OR: 0·41 £† (p<0.01) in favour of first aid training 1, 2197 vs 312 Heard, 2013 (27) Knowledge: Burns FA Statistically significant: 1820 (83%) vs 258 (83%) OR: 1.83 £† (p=0.03) in favour of first aid training 11-15 years Knowledge: Burns FA (score >60%) Pre vs post Statistically significant: 5 (5%) vs 99 (99%) § RR: 19.80* £ (p<0.001) in favour of first aid training 1, 100 (within subject) Wafik, 2014 (30) Pre vs 2 month follow-up Statistically significant: 5 (5%) vs 100 (100%) § RR: 20.00* £ (p60%) Pre vs post Statistically significant: 0 (0%) vs 94 (94%) § RR: 189.00* £ (p<0.001) in favour of first aid training 1, 100 (within subject) Wafik, 2014 (30) Pre vs 2 month follow-up Statistically significant: 0 (0%) vs 74 (74%) § RR: 149.00* £ (p<0.001) in favour of first aid training 11-16 years Skills: Order of FA response FA training vs sham intervention Scenario (severe burn injury) Not statistically significant: 5 (3%) vs 1 (0·5%) § RR: 7.52, 95% CI [0.89;63.69]* ¥ (p=0.06) 1, 147 vs 221 Campbell, 2001 (25) Skills: Correct procedures listed Scenario (severe burn injury) Not statistically significant: 104 (73%) vs 149 (69%) § RR: 1.05, 95% CI [0.91;1.21]* ¥ (p=0.49) Attitude – no studies available BLEEDING Knowledge 11-12 years Knowledge: cuts and bleeding FA Pre vs 1 week post Statistically significant: 74 (69%) vs 94 (90%) § RR: 1.33* £ (p<0.001- overall p) in favour of first aid training 1, 107 vs 102 (within subject) Wilks, 2015 (29) Pre vs 8 week follow-up Statistically significant: 74 (69%) vs 93 (82%) § RR: 1.28* £ (p60%) Pre vs post Statistically significant: 34 (34%) vs 97 (97%) § RR: 2.85* £ (p<0.001) in favour of first aid training 1, 100 (within subject) Wafik, 2014 (30) Pre vs 2 month follow-up Statistically significant: 34 (34%) vs 92 (92%) § RR: 2.71* £ (p<0.001) in favour of first aid training Skills 11-16 years Skills: Order of FA response FA training vs sham intervention Scenario (severe glass wound) Statistically significant: 21 (14%) vs 10 (5%) § RR: 3.16, 95% CI [1.53;6.51]* (p<0.001) in favour of first aid training 1, 147 vs 221 Campbell, 2001 (25) Skills: Correct procedures listed Scenario (severe glass wound) Not statistically significant: 75 (52%) vs 125 (57%) § RR: 0.90, 95% CI [0.74;1.10]* ¥ (p=0.41) Attitude – no studies available SKIN WOUNDS Knowledge 11-12 years Knowledge: cuts and bleeding FA Pre vs 1 week post Statistically significant: 74 (69%) vs 94 (90%) § RR: 1·33* £ (p<0.001- overall p) in favour of first aid training 1, 107 vs 102 (within subject) Wilks, 2016 (29) Pre vs 8 week follow-up Statistically significant: 74 (69%) vs 93 (82%) § RR: 1.28* £ (p60%) Pre vs post Statistically significant: 47 (47%) vs 96 (96%) § RR: 2.04* £ (p<0.001) in favour of first aid training 1, 100 (within subject) Wafik, 2014 (30) Pre vs 2 month follow-up Statistically significant: 47 (47%) vs 90 (90%) § RR: 1.91* £ (p<0.001) in favour of first aid training Skills 11-16 years Skills: Order of FA response FA training vs sham intervention Scenario (severe glass wound) Statistically significant: 21 (14%) vs 10 (5%) § RR: 3.16, 95% CI [1.53;6.51]* (p<0.001) in favour of first aid training 1, 147 vs 221 Campbell, 2001 (25) Skills: Correct procedures listed Scenario (severe glass wound) Not statistically significant: 75 (52%) vs 125 (57%) § RR: 0.90, 95% CI [0.74;1.10]* ¥ (p=0.41) Attitude – no studies available Mean ± SD (unless otherwise indicated), MD: mean difference, RR: risk ratio, OR: odds ratio, RD: risk difference * calculations done by the reviewer using Revman, R software, or Excel £ No raw data available and CI cannot be calculated. ¥ Imprecision (large variability of results) † Imprecision (lack of data) § Imprecision (limited sample size or low number of events) λ data extracted from graph Table 3. Results of the meta-analyses on the effectiveness of the 3 categories of educational interventions. Outcome Comparison Effect Size #effect sizes, # studies Reference PROVISION OF INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS Composite test scores (standardised mean difference (SMD)±standard error (SE)) Provision of instructional materials vs no intervention (business as usual) Not statistically significant: SMD: 0.01±0.01, 95% CI [-0.01;0.02] (p=0.23) † 5 effect sizes from 3 studies †† (Das 2013, Glewwe 2004, Glewwe 2009) Snilstveit, 2015 (23) Language arts test scores (SMD±SE) Not statistically significant: SMD: 0.00±0.01, 95% CI [-0.02;0.02] (p=0.78) † 5 effect sizes from 4 studies †† (Das 2013, Glewwe 2004, Glewwe 2009, Sabarwal 2009) Maths test scores (SMD±SE) Not statistically significant: SMD: -0.02±0.02, 95% CI [-0.06;0.02] (p=0.26) † 5 effect sizes from 4 studies †† (Das 2013, Glewwe 2004, Glewwe 2009, Sabarwal 2009) USE OF ALTERNATIVE PEDAGOGICAL METHODS Learning/testing outcomes (Cohen’s d ± SE) Use of alternative pedagogical methods vs conventional teaching methods Statistically significant: Cohen’s d : 0.918±0.314, 95% CI [0.25;1.59] (p<0.05) 41 effect sizes from 17 studies †† (Abdu-Raheem 2012, Ajaja 2010, Bimbola 2010, Brooker 2013, Githua 2008, Kiboss 2012, Korsah 2010, Louw 2008, Lucas 2014 Kenya, Lucas 2014 Uganda, Nwagbo 2006, Piper 2009, Piper 2011, Sailors 2010, Spratt 2013, Van Staden 2011, Wachanga 2004) Conn, 2014 (24) STRUCTURED PEDAGOGY INTERVENTIONS Cognitive test scores (SMD±SE) Structured pedagogy interventions vs no intervention or other small educational intervention Not statistically significant: SMD: 0.01±0.03, 95% CI [-0.04;0.07] (p=0.66) † 2 effect sizes from 2 studies †† (Irwing 2008, Jukes 2015) Snilstveit, 2015 (23) Composite test scores (SMD±SE) Statistically significant: SMD: 0.06±0.01, 95% CI [0.03;0.08] (p<0.0001) 3 effect sizes from 3 studies †† (He 2007 year 1, He 2007 year 2, Tan 1999) Grades 1-3 sub-group: Statistically significant: SMD: 0.09±0.02, 95% CI [0.05;0.13] (p<0.0001) 2 effect sizes from 2 studies †† (He 2007 year 1, He 2007 year 2) Grades 4-5 sub-group: Statistically significant: SMD: 0.08±0.02, 95% CI [0.04;0.12] (p<0.0001) 2 effect sizes from 2 studies †† (He 2007 year 1, He 2007 year 2) Language arts test scores (SMD±SE) Statistically significant: SMD: 0.23±0.05, 95% CI [0.13;0.34] (p<0.001) 67 effect sizes from 17 studies †† (Abeberese 2011, Dixon 2011, He 2007 year 1, He 2007 year 2, He 2009, Jukes 2015, Kerwin 2015, Leme 2010, Lucas 2014 Kenya, Lucas 2014 Uganda, Mouton 1995, Nonoyama-Tarumi 2009, Pallante 2013, Piper 2011, RTI International 2015, Spratt 2013, Tan 1999) Grades 1-3 sub-group: Statistically significant: SMD: 0.23±0.06, 95% CI [0.11;0.35] (p<0.01) 63 effect sizes from 14 studies †† (Dixon 2011, He 2007 year 1, He 2007 year 2, He 2009, Jukes 2015, Kerwin 2015, Lucas 2014 Kenya, Lucas 2014 Uganda, Nonoyama-Tarumi 2009, Pallante 2013, Piper 2011, RTI International 2015, Spratt 2013, Tan 1999) Grades 4-6 sub-group: Not statistically significant: SMD: 0.21±0.13, 95% CI [-0.04;0.47] (p=0.10) † 4 effect sizes from 4 studies †† (Abeberese 2011, He 2007 year 2, Leme 2010, Mouton 1995) Maths test scores (SMD±SE) Statistically significant: SMD: 0.14±0.03, 95% CI [0.08;0.20] (p<0.001) 24 effect sizes from 14 studies †† (Abeberese 2011, Berlinski 2013, He 2007 year 1, He 2007 year 2, Jukes 2015, Lucas 2014 Kenya, Lucas 2014 Uganda, Leme 2010, Mouton 1995, Piper 2011, Piper 2014, RTI International 2015, San Antonio 2011, Tan 1999) Grades 1-3 sub-group: Statistically significant: SMD: 0.08±0.03, 95% CI [0.03;0.13] (p<0.01) 9 effect sizes from 9 studies †† (He 2007 year 1, He 2007 year 2, Jukes 2015, Lucas 2014 Kenya, Lucas 2014 Uganda, Piper 2011, Piper 2014, RTI International 2015, Tan 1999) Grades 4-6 sub-group: Statistically significant: SMD: 0.21±0.08, 95% CI [0.04;0.37] (p<0.05) 4 effect sizes from 4 studies †† (Abeberese 2011, He 2007 year 2, Leme 2010, Mouton 1995) SMD: standardized mean difference, SE: standard error † Imprecision (lack of data): mean of the control group is not reported †† Imprecision (lack of data): total sample size is not reported Table 4 . Educational pathway on first aid for burns, bleeding and skin wounds, adapted to the Sub-Saharan African context. E: Encourage K: Know/Know How R: Repeat 5-6 yrs 7-8 yrs 9-10 yrs 11-12 yrs 13-14 yrs 15-16 yrs 17-18 yrs BURNS Knowledge The children: recognise a burn E K R R R · know how to provide first aid for a burn (regardless of the degree of the burn) E K R R R know when to seek medical help for a burn E K R R R know the difference between a superficial, intermediate and deep burn E K R R know what commonly causes burns (hot water, flames, fire) K R R R know what can cause a burn (heat, chemicals, radiation...) E E E E K R R Skills The children can: correctly provide first aid for a burn E K R R R seek medical help if the burn is serious K R R R Attitudes See educational pathway General > Attitudes The children recognise the importance of: · continuously applying water to a burn E K R R R BLEEDING Knowledge The children know: · what they have to do in the event of a nosebleed E K R R R · when to seek medical help for a nosebleed E K R R how to correctly stop (severe) bleeding E K R R · that medical help must always be sought in the event of severe bleeding E K R R Skills The children can: correctly stop a nosebleed E K R R R apply a bandage to stop (severe) bleeding K R R Attitudes See educational pathway General > Attitudes The children recognise the importance of · stopping a bleeding as quickly as possible E K R R SKIN WOUNDS Knowledge The children: recognise a skin wound E K R R · know which equipment is needed to provide first aid for a skin wound E K R R know when the injured person should seek medical help for a skin wound K R R R · know the importance of tetanus vaccinations, and know why tetanus is dangerous and linked with skin wounds K R R R know that an injured person with a skin wound in which a foreign object is embedded should always seek medical help K R R R Skills The children can: correctly provide first aid for a skin wound if clean water is available E K R R R · stop the bleeding of a wound that does not stop bleeding by itself E K R R R · correctly provide first aid for a skin wound in which a foreign object is embedded K R R Attitude See educational pathway General > Attitudes The children recognise the importance of: · correctly providing first aid for a skin wound in which a foreign object is embedded E K R R Table 5. Overview of the educational methods that can be used within the Sub-Saharan African context, the appropriate age groups, their strengths and weaknesses. Educational method Appropriate age groups Strengths Limitations Additional panel remarks 5-8 yrs 9-12 yrs 13-18 yrs Song x x x - Easy to motivate children - Enables memorization - Passive way of receiving information - Possible lack of knowledge or understanding of the lyrics Quiz x x x - Interactive - Engages all children at the same time Language and comprehension may be a challenge, particularly for non-first language speakers - Should be adapted to the language spoken by and environment of the children - Local contextually appropriate questions should be created Colouring x - Enables practical rehearsal of the content - Active learning Children may not have the necessary hand motor skills. 8-12-year-olds could colour, whereas 9-12-year-olds can draw themselves Poem x x x Allows for repetition, which enables memorization - Difficult wording might interfere with understanding - Can only be used for key messages 5-8-year-olds can recite a poem taught to them, whereas at a later age, children may be able to write their own poems Puppetry x - Very visual - Can be engaging, particularly with younger age groups - Difficult to pin content to it - Trainers should be confident with it (time-consuming) Drawing x - Some children might not succeed in drawing - Can be time-consuming The act of drawing should not interfere with learning Case study x x x - Can come from the learners themselves - Easy to adapt according to age - Not easy to find a case study that fits the content and the context - When analyzing a case study from a learner, must include and manage children’s emotional reactions to the case - Trainers should be taught to run a case study 5-8-year-olds: incorporate visual elements such as photos 9-12-year-olds: work with a story Group work x x x - Peer to peer narration and active involvement - Children can speak in their own language Some children are quiet when in groups and might not say anything The social aspect of group work can be initiated at 5-8 years, but group work can only really occur from 9 years of age onwards Storytelling x x x - Engaging and entertaining - A story can be adapted to the content and age of the child If the content is not adjusted to the age group, children may listen without understanding Self-discovery x x x - Experiential learning Example: let children observe their breathing, both in rest and after having run a couple of blocks; they feel their breathing accelerating - May include take-home exercises Need for clear guidelines before and after activity to ensure that the right lessons are learnt Drama and simulation x x x Engaging and entertaining Challenges with group work and holding attention Demonstration x x x Focus on practical skills – key for First Aid training - Depending on the size of the group, teachers may not be able to engage everyone - Demonstration needs to be done properly, so teachers need training - Skills may need to be broken down into components, to ensure that learners are able to understand and gain the practical skill Quotes x x - Can be used for big groups - Children have to think independently whether or not they agree with the quote, and will have to take a position x marks an appropriate age range, x marks the most appropriate age range Additional File Legends Additional files 1-9 are available in the docx document “Educational pathway first aid_Additional files”, and consist of the following items: Additional file 1. PRISMA checklist Additional file 2. Search strategies research question 1 Additional file 3. Selection criteria research question 1 Additional file 4. Search strategies research question 2 Additional file 5. Selection criteria research question 2 Additional file 6. Description of consensus methods used during expert panel meeting Additional file 7. Characteristics of included studies, synthesis of findings, risk of bias and certainty of evidence for research question 1 Additional file 8. Characteristics of included studies, synthesis of findings, risk of bias and certainty of evidence for research question 2 Additional file 9. Educational pathway on first aid for sub-Saharan Africa based on the best available evidence Supplementary Files RevisedAdditionalfiles.pdf Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 03 Jun, 2020 Read the published version in BMC Public Health → Version 2 posted Review # 2 received at journal 23 Apr, 2020 Editorial decision: Minor revision 23 Apr, 2020 Reviewer # 2 agreed at journal 14 Apr, 2020 Review # 1 received at journal 15 Mar, 2020 Reviewer # 1 agreed at journal 04 Mar, 2020 Editor assigned by journal 03 Mar, 2020 Reviewers invited by journal 03 Mar, 2020 Submission checks completed at journal 02 Mar, 2020 Editor invited by journal 02 Mar, 2020 You are reading this latest preprint version Show more versions Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. 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1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":19587,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"PRISMA study selection flowchart for research question one.","description":"","filename":"1.PNG","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-11425/v2/1.PNG"},{"id":615318,"identity":"3696dcb6-dc18-4161-bb9f-c962d4bfd712","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2020-03-09 16:26:36","extension":"png","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":22482,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"PRISMA study selection flowchart for research question two.","description":"","filename":"2.PNG","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-11425/v2/2.PNG"},{"id":615319,"identity":"6f31ee84-1aa7-4209-b5c4-d7577401b8b1","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2020-03-09 16:26:36","extension":"png","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":44738,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Top three of most appropriate and successful teaching methods for each age group.","description":"","filename":"3.PNG","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-11425/v2/3.PNG"},{"id":14033726,"identity":"d4c91005-5b58-49a9-b34e-3eea3ad6e343","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-09-27 18:28:46","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":567944,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-11425/v2/210e8423-d9c7-4dec-b8c8-18a2787711c8.pdf"},{"id":615316,"identity":"3e846506-e2f2-456b-9cb0-5e60ff29e73e","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2020-03-09 16:26:36","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":2340759,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"RevisedAdditionalfiles.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-11425/v2/Revised Additional files.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"","formattedTitle":"An educational pathway and teaching materials for first aid training of children in Sub-Saharan Africa based on the best available evidence","fulltext":[{"header":"1. Background","content":"\u003cp\u003eIn Sub-Saharan Africa, approximately 5\u0026middot;1 million deaths each year are attributable to conditions that could have potentially been addressed by prehospital and emergency care [1], which is however underdeveloped in the majority of low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) [2, 3]. Hence, first aid training is promoted by the World Bank as a very cost-effective way to decrease the burden of disease and injury, with a cost of only 8 USD per disability-adjusted life year averted [1]. Although most studies demonstrating the effectiveness of first aid training programmes for adults were conducted in Western contexts [4-8], some studies from Sub-Saharan Africa are also available [9-11], and several African Red Cross National Societies organize first aid trainings for adult laypeople. These trainings were mostly based on materials from Western former colonisers (e.g. the UK, France), which provided a useful basis, but did not take into account the distinct African context. The need for contextualized African materials was expressed by several African Red Cross National Societies in response to a survey sent out by the Belgian Red Cross in 2009, that aimed to collect information on the availability and source of first aid training materials in African Red Cross societies [2]. In an attempt to meet these needs, contextualized and evidence-based African First Aid Materials (AFAM) were developed and released in 2011, providing guidance on up-to-date first aid techniques, as well as injury and disease prevention advice specific for the African context [2].\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSince emerging evidence from Western countries has shown that children and adolescents from 5 to 18 years old are able to learn certain first aid techniques and are willing to provide help [12-16], first aid training of children seems a promising way forward in order to maximize impact. However, to our knowledge evidence-based guidelines or teaching materials concerning first aid training to children in LMIC are currently non-existent. As we believe that context is of paramount importance (e.g. to decide on which topics to include, to take into account local habits and beliefs, to take into account local resources and available equipment) we decided to develop materials specifically for the African context.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo support the development of materials to train children in first aid, and to facilitate the integration of first aid training into the school curriculum, an educational pathway may be a useful tool. An educational pathway is an instrument that indicates how children can achieve necessary competences over a certain period of time. It is based on the spiral cognitive theory of learning, stating that \u0026ldquo;any subject can be taught effectively in some intellectually honest form to any child at any stage of development\u0026rdquo; [17]. Within an educational pathway (or \u0026ldquo;spiral curriculum\u0026rdquo;) basic facts of a topic are taught first, and complexity gradually increases as the child\u0026rsquo;s age and learning progresses. Reemphasis (\u0026ldquo;repeated exposure\u0026rdquo; or \u0026ldquo;scaffolding\u0026rdquo;) helps to reinforce and solidify the learning content, so that it can enter the learner\u0026rsquo;s long-term memory. In the field of first aid, such repetition could help to automate actions, so that learners no longer have to think about each step during stressful first aid situations.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn addition to the importance of the child\u0026rsquo;s age, the teaching strategy used during the first aid training also affects the child\u0026rsquo;s knowledge, skills, and attitude. Evidence-based education research, based on many meta-analyses, has shown that classroom methods such as cooperative learning, and feedback or problem-solving methods are effective educational methods that improve learning [18, 19]. However, the evidence base mainly consists of Western studies, and less is known about effective educational methods in LMIC.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe aims of this project were: (1) to develop an educational pathway for first aid training to children (5-18 years) in Sub-Saharan Africa making use of the best available evidence, and (2) to create an overview of effective educational methods in the Sub-Saharan African context, with the overall aim of developing teaching materials for first aid training of Sub-Saharan African children\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"2. Methods","content":"\u003cp\u003eTo provide a basis for the educational pathway and teaching materials, several systematic literature searches were performed. The reporting of the systematic literature reviews was done according to the PRISMA statements (Additional File 1) [20]. No protocol for the systematic literature searches was published beforehand.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e2.1 Selection of first aid topics \u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe following topics were included in the educational pathway: \u0026lsquo;general principles\u0026rsquo;, \u0026lsquo;four main steps in first aid\u0026rsquo; (including the assessment of consciousness, and knowledge about fainting), \u0026lsquo;resuscitation\u0026rsquo;, \u0026lsquo;choking\u0026rsquo;, \u0026lsquo;skin wounds\u0026rsquo;, \u0026lsquo;burns\u0026rsquo;, \u0026lsquo;bleeding\u0026rsquo;, \u0026lsquo;poisoning\u0026rsquo;, \u0026lsquo;injuries to bones, muscles or joints\u0026rsquo;, \u0026lsquo;stings and bites\u0026rsquo;, \u0026lsquo;fever\u0026rsquo;, \u0026lsquo;diarrhoea\u0026rsquo;, and \u0026lsquo;epilepsy\u0026rsquo;. This choice was based on the content of the previously developed AFAM [2], epidemiological data on disease burden for Sub-Saharan Africa, and expert input. The topic \u0026lsquo;disaster principles\u0026rsquo; was added after the consensus meeting (see 2.5), since the expert panel considered it a highly relevant topic in the Sub-Saharan African context.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e2.2 Systematic literature searches and study selection\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur first research question concerned the effectiveness of first aid education to children of different age groups, on first aid knowledge, skills, and attitude. A similar and previously published systematic review (search date: 2012) was used as a basis for the current searches [12]New first aid topics were added and selection criteria were adapted to the African context (e.g. training on the use of an automated external defibrillator was not included due to limited resource availability).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSeveral parallel literature searches were performed for each of the different first aid topics mentioned above, either by updating the existing literature searches (publication date between previous search dates (January 2012)(12) and the current search date (March 23 2017)) or by developing new search strategies for new topics. All searches were run in two databases (MEDLINE and Embase). Search strategies and selection criteria can be found in Additional files 2 and 3, respectively.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur second research question concerned the effectiveness of different educational approaches on children\u0026rsquo;s knowledge, skills, and attitude in LMIC. Instead of focusing on first aid education, we broadened this research question to education in general. We searched for existing systematic reviews published between 2012 and 2017 (The Campbell Library, MEDLINE, Embase, ERIC and the 3ie Database of Systematic Reviews), since we only wanted to include the most recent educational approaches. Search strategies and selection criteria can be found in Additional files 4 and 5, respectively. The scope of the educational interventions of interest was narrowed to three categories: (1) the provision of traditional hardware instructional materials (e.g. text books, flip-charts), (2) use of \u0026lsquo;structured pedagogy interventions\u0026rsquo; (\u003cem\u003ei.e. \u003c/em\u003ea combination of newly developed structured lesson content and teacher training in delivering such materials, whether or not in combination with teacher and/or student materials), and (3) use of alternative pedagogical methods (e.g. cooperative teaching, constructivist-based teaching, problem-solving method of teaching).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStudy selection was done by 1 reviewer for both research questions, based on title and abstract, and subsequently based on full text.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e2.3 Data extraction, data synthesis and quality assessment\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor both research questions, the following data were extracted by a single reviewer: study design; characteristics of the population (number of participants, age range); characteristics of the specific programmes (content, duration); methods of outcome measurement; means, mean differences (MDs), and confidence intervals (CIs) for continuous data, and risks, risk ratios (RRs), and CIs for dichotomous data. In addition, a risk of bias assessment of all individual studies, and an assessment of the overall certainty of evidence (per outcome for question one, and per intervention for question two) was performed using the GRADE approach [21]. For research question one, the evidence was synthesized in a narrative way, because meta-analysis was not possible due to heterogeneity at population, intervention and outcome level. For research question two, effect sizes were extracted from the meta-analyses performed in the identified systematic reviews.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e2.4 Making a first draft of the educational pathway\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBased on the best available evidence collected under research question one, a first version of the educational pathway was drafted for 2-year age groups (5-6 years, 7-8 years etc.). When evidence was scarce or of low quality, we only formulated training objectives without a specific proposal for the age ranges. For each of the first aid topics, different training objectives were listed and categorized as competences at one of the three following levels (based on the 3 learning domains of Bloom\u0026rsquo;s Taxonomy of Educational Objectives [22]): (1) Knowledge: defined as the acquired information stored in the memory in an organized manner, (2) Skill: defined as the ability to practically apply the acquired information into a certain action, or (3) Attitude: defined as the willingness/self-efficacy to show a particular behavior. In line with the idea of gradually increasing complexity (according to Bruner\u0026rsquo;s spiral cognitive theory of learning [17]), we indicated at what age each of the objectives should be: (1) encouraged: the trainer actively pays attention to a certain goal and encourages the children to achieve the goal, (2) known: the trainer makes explicit efforts so that all the children can acquire a certain knowledge item, skill or attitude, or (3): repeated: the trainer repeats and emphasizes the purpose consciously for the children who have already reached the objective and strives to reach the learners who have not yet achieved the objective.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e2.5 Consensus meeting and finalizing the educational pathway, based on the best available evidence\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn a next step, a panel of experts, consisting of 4 first aid practitioners of several African Red Cross National Societies, as well as 6 academic educational experts and clinicians from Sub-Saharan origin (French and English speaking countries), and chaired by HG, was gathered for consultation in Johannesburg, South Africa (November 17-18 2017). Before the start of the meeting, the draft educational pathway and specific preparatory questions were sent to the panel members. The goal of the meeting was two-fold: (1) to discuss the draft educational pathway (age ranges and training objectives), especially where evidence was scarce or of low quality, to adapt the educational pathway to the local context, and to reach consensus on the final pathway; and (2) to compile a list of effective educational approaches for children, tailored to the Sub-Saharan context. More details on the preparatory questions to the panel and on how consensus was reached to achieve these goals can be found in Additional file 6. In short, for each question/item asked to the panel, opinions were collected and a discussion was held in case of disagreement. Next, a proposal was made by the chair, and consensus was sought by hand-raising. If consensus was not reached (i.e. no unanimous agreement), concerns were further addressed in a second discussion and the proposal was further adapted until full consensus was reached.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDuring the consensus meeting, the expert panel argued that \u0026lsquo;disaster principles\u0026rsquo; would be very relevant to add as a first aid topic in the pathway. As none of the identified studies looked at disaster principles as part of the first aid training, it was decided to only formulate knowledge objectives and to agree on appropriate age ranges based on expert opinion only (without searching for additional evidence).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e2.6 Development of teaching materials\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn a last phase, teaching materials were developed, taking into account: (1) the educational pathway, showing which first aid competences can be achieved at a certain age, (2) the list of effective educational methods, and (3) the content of the evidence-based AFAM, which was updated in 2016 (\u003cem\u003ei.e\u003c/em\u003e. the specific first aid interventions) [2]. These teaching materials were circulated electronically for feedback from the expert panel, and a final conference call was organized to discuss this feedback and finalise the materials in November 2018.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"3. Results","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e3.1 Study identification and study characteristics\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor research question one, 58 studies were identified (see figure 1). Of these, 43% (25 studies) was performed in Europe, whereas only 4% (two studies) were conducted in Africa. For the first aid topics other than \u0026lsquo;resuscitation\u0026rsquo;, evidence was scarce or even non-existent. Detailed characteristics of the 58 included studies are listed in Additional file 7.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor research question two, 819 references were screened and finally two systematic reviews were included (see figure 2). The first systematic review included 238 (quasi-)experimental studies, conducted in LMIC, studying a large range of interventions aimed at improving school enrolment, attendance, drop-out, completion and learning as primary outcomes [23]. Of interest to our research question were four studies looking at the provision of instructional materials (e.g. textbooks, flip-charts), and 19 studies investigating structured pedagogy interventions (as defined above). The second systematic review was a PhD thesis of 66 (quasi-)experimental studies, conducted in Sub-Saharan Africa, that looked at the same interventions as listed above, as well as interventions focused on improving repetition and retention rates [24]. Of these, we included 16 studies on the use of alternative pedagogical methods, of which three were also included in the category of structured pedagogy interventions. Detailed study characteristics are presented in Additional file 8.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e3.2 Best available evidence on the effectiveness of first aid training to children\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the paragraphs below, the findings concerning the effectiveness of first aid training interventions for \u0026lsquo;burns\u0026rsquo;, \u0026lsquo;bleeding\u0026rsquo;, and \u0026lsquo;skin wounds\u0026rsquo; are discussed in detail. The detailed findings on the other first aid topics, as well as the risk of bias and certainty of evidence, can be consulted in Additional file 7.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn total, we identified six studies that included burns in their training programme (see Table 1 for study characteristics, and Table 2 for study findings) [25-30]. A statistically significant increase in first aid knowledge was shown after attending a first aid training course, compared to the baseline situation or control group without training, in children of 6-7 years old (MD(%): 27, 95% CI [11;40]) [27], 10-11 years old (MD: 0.2, 95% CI [0.08;0.32]) [26], 10-15 years old (OR: 1.83, p=0.026) [27], and 11-15 years old (RR: 19.80, p\u0026lt;0\u0026middot;001, immediately after the course; RR: 20.00, p\u0026lt;0.001, after two months follow-up) [30]. Two studies also measured the children\u0026rsquo;s skills, by providing an audio-recorded scenario with a severe burn injury in a toddler or a description of a situation requiring first aid for burns [25, 30]. In a pre-post study with 11- to 15-year-olds, a significant increase in first aid skills was found (RR: 189.00, p\u0026lt;0\u0026middot;001, immediately after training; RR: 149.00, p\u0026lt;0\u0026middot;001, after two months follow-up) [30]. However, in a study with 11- to 16-year-olds that used a placebo training (on tobacco and alcohol prevention) as a control, no increase in skills concerning the order of first aid responses and listing the correct procedures, could be demonstrated (RR: 7.52, 95% CI [0.89;63.69] and RR: 1.05, 95% CI [0.91;1.21], respectively) [25].\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThree studies reported on the effectiveness of first aid training concerning bleeding and skin wounds [25, 29, 30]. A statistically significant increase of knowledge concerning first aid for bleeding or skin wounds was found in children of 11 years onwards. The study by Campbell \u003cem\u003eet al.\u003c/em\u003e in 11- to 16-year-olds showed a significant improvement in skills concerning the order of first aid responses in case of bleeding or skin wounds, but not in listing the correct procedures [25]. The certainty of the evidence was very low for the three topics.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e3.3 Best available evidence on the effectiveness of educational interventions in LMIC\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe identified four studies on the provision of instructional materials to primary schools or their individual students in three different LMIC (India, Kenya and Sierra Leone), from the meta-analyses by Snilstveit \u003cem\u003eet al.\u003c/em\u003e (2015) [23]. It could not be demonstrated that the provision of textbooks, flip-charts, or grants used directly for the purchase of materials, results in a statistically significant increase in composite test scores (SMD: 0.01\u0026plusmn;0.01, 95% CI [-0.01;0.02], p=0.23), language arts test scores (SMD: 0.00\u0026plusmn;0.01, 95% CI [-0.02;0.02], p=0.78) or mathematics test scores (SMD: -0.02\u0026plusmn;0.02, 95% CI [-0.06;0.02], p=0.26). The final certainty of evidence was low.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn total, 17 (quasi-)experimental studies provided 41 effect sizes on using alternative pedagogical methods on learning or testing outcomes of students attending primary or secondary schools across seven African countries (Nigeria, Kenya, Ghana, South Africa, Uganda, Liberia and Mali) [24]. Compared to the use of conventional teaching methods (mostly lecturing), the use of alternative pedagogical methods, such as problem-solving instruction, small-group instruction, guided-inquiry instruction, cooperative instruction and constructivist instruction, was shown to significantly increase the students\u0026rsquo; learning or testing outcomes (Cohen\u0026rsquo;s d: 0.918\u0026plusmn;0.314, 95% CI [0.25;1.59], p\u0026lt;0.05). The certainty of evidence was rated as low.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConcerning structured pedagogy interventions, we obtained evidence from 19 studies in primary and secondary school students in 12 LMIC (Sudan, Kenya, Uganda, South Africa, Liberia, Mali, India, Cambodia, The Philippines, Chile, Brazil and Costa Rica) [23]. When comparing these interventions to no or other small educational interventions, a statistically significant increase in composite test scores (SMD: 0.06\u0026plusmn;0.01, 95% CI [0.03;0.08], p\u0026lt;0.0001), language arts test scores (SMD: 0.23\u0026plusmn;0.05, 95% CI [0.13;0.34], p\u0026lt;0.001) and mathematics test scores (SMD: 0.14\u0026plusmn;0.03, 95% CI [0.08;0.20], p\u0026lt;0.001) was observed. Significant changes in cognitive test scores could not be demonstrated (SMD: 0.01\u0026plusmn;0.03, 95% CI [-0.04;0.07], p=0.66). The certainty of evidence was downgraded to low.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStudy findings are provided in Table 3, whereas study characteristics and determination of the certainty of evidence can be found in Additional file 8.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e3.4 Educational pathway on first aid for Sub-Saharan Africa\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe best available evidence on the effectiveness of first aid training to children was used to draft the educational pathway, which was then discussed with the expert panel for context adaptation. Since the certainty of evidence was low to very low, the expert panel had a very important role in formulating and approving training objectives and age ranges. Overall, the panel did not often disagree on the specific age ranges at which certain learning objectives should be encouraged, known or repeated. However, for some topics there was more disagreement among the panel members and a more extensive discussion was necessary, e.g. the inclusion of major incidents/disaster management as a topic, the inclusion of psychological first aid as an intervention, the management of fever, the competence of putting on gloves, the objective of willingness to touch a stranger. In each case of disagreement, arguments were listed and discussed, and a proposal was made by the chair until full consensus was achieved.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn example of how the pathway was adapted to the African context deals with seeking help from a medical care provider. In the draft pathway, it was proposed that children should know how to seek help from a medical care provider at the age of 7-8 years. Since medical care is less accessible in Africa than in high income countries, the expert panel decided to postpone this to the age of 9-10 years, and to keep on repeating until the age of 18 years. A second example deals with the general first aid competence of handwashing before and after administering first aid. Because of the higher prevalence of infectious diseases in the African context, the panel proposed to repeatedly train children until the age of 18 years.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor the topic of burns, evidence showed that children of 6-7 years old can be taught how to correctly provide first aid [28]. The expert panel extrapolated the evidence on burns knowledge in a consistent way to the topics of bleeding and skin wounds, since evidence on the latter topics for children under 11 years was lacking, hence concluding that children should have acquired the basic knowledge at the age of 7-8 years. More advanced knowledge should be attained at the age of 11-12 years (e.g. children know the link between tetanus and skin wounds), or at the age of 13-14 years (e.g. children know the different types of burns). Based on the opinion of the experts, only one knowledge item should already be acquired at the age of 5-6 years: the most common causes of burns (\u003cem\u003ei.e. \u003c/em\u003ehot water, fire, flames). Skills competences were set in accordance with the knowledge items.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe final version of the pathway can be found in Table 4 (for the topics \u0026lsquo;burns\u0026rsquo;, \u0026lsquo;bleeding\u0026rsquo;, and \u0026lsquo;skin wounds\u0026rsquo;) and Additional file 9 (for all topics).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e3.5 Teaching materials for first aid training to children in Sub-Saharan Africa\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe panel members agreed to cluster the 2-year age ranges of the educational pathway into 3 broader age groups for the development of separate teaching materials (5-8 years old, 9-12 years old and 13-18 years old). Also, they agreed on a number of recommended educational methods, applicable to the African context. An overview of these methods, the age groups for which they are (most) appropriate, as well as their strengths and weaknesses, is presented in Table 5. The top three of most appropriate and successful teaching methods for each age group is presented in figure 3. Text messaging and the use of individual worksheets for children were perceived as non-feasible or non-desirable educational methods.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFollowing the panel meeting, teaching materials were developed for the age group of 9- to 12-year-olds, incorporating the recommended teaching methods for this age group. The competencies to be achieved when following a training using these materials were based on the content of the educational pathway, again for this specific age group.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"5. Discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003eOur educational pathway on first aid, based on the best evidence available, links key learning objectives concerning first aid to a child\u0026rsquo;s specific age range (see Additional file 9). It denominates which topics can be covered when training children in first aid, visualizes the time points at which certain items should receive attention, and it is adapted to the African context. The final educational pathway has been laid out in an easy-to-use version, including explanations on how to use it (both the pathway and AFAM are freely downloadable from the Belgian Red Cross website after registration) [31]. One of the successes of this project is that the educational pathway, together with the list of effective educational methods, was immediately used to develop teaching materials for first aid training to African children. \u0026nbsp;The final training materials were piloted in Zimbabwe, where 6 trainers were trained (Train-the-Trainer model) and then went to 6 different schools in 2 provinces (a rural, urban and semi-urban school in each province) to provide 2-hour trainings to 12- to 16-year-old children. Those trainings have been observed and the trainers and children were asked to give feedback on the manual and the used educational methods (in terms of satisfaction, feasibility, appropriateness etc.). Based on this feedback, some final changes were made to the training manual. The project is currently being implemented in Zimbabwe, Malawi, Zambia and Lesotho, and further roll-out (in other countries) is being planned.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur project has some important limitations. First, the systematic literature searches we performed are not systematic reviews, which is translated into the fact that only 1 reviewer conducted the study selection and data extraction, only two databases were searched for evidence on first aid training of children, and a very focused set of selection criteria was used. The reason behind this choice, which is made by many guideline developers because of feasibility reasons, is that these reviews were part of a larger guideline project in which the evidence conclusions were translated into recommendations and teaching materials. Although this can be considered a limitation of the used review method, we believe that including an expert panel can serve as a back-up for this limitation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSecond, for several first aid topics, including \u0026lsquo;skin wounds\u0026rsquo;, \u0026lsquo;burns\u0026rsquo;, \u0026lsquo;bleeding\u0026rsquo;, \u0026lsquo;injuries to bones, muscles or joints\u0026rsquo;, and \u0026lsquo;poisoning\u0026rsquo;, a very limited amount of evidence or no evidence was found. Therefore, many gaps had to be filled by the expert panel, based on their expertise and consensus. In addition, almost half of the studies were European studies, and only four African studies are currently included in the evidence base, which can be seen as a source of indirectness. For the educational studies, the majority of the studies looked at mathematics and language courses, which again is a source of indirectness. Third, the quality/certainty of the obtained evidence was in most cases low to very low. This is mainly due to the less rigorous study designs that are typically used to study educational programme effectiveness, including many uncontrolled before-after studies. There was also a high degree of heterogeneity between the studies, especially at the intervention level (with many differences in the content, delivery and duration of the training programme), and outcome level (measured in many different ways and at different time points). Again, this led to a very prominent role for the expert panel, and many recommendations (learning objectives/age ranges) had to be based on expert opinion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNevertheless, this project has several important implications for practice. First, the educational pathway on first aid can be used by first aid trainers to help them decide which content to teach to children of certain age ranges. Second, the educational pathway may be a useful tool for advocating the importance of first aid in health education with the Ministry of Health/Ministry of Education of Sub-Saharan African countries. In Zimbabwe, it was recently decided by law to integrate first aid education in the school curriculum. Third, the evidence on the effectiveness of first aid training to children (Additional file 7), which is independent of any geographical region, can be used to develop similar first aid educational pathways, and accompanying training materials, for other contexts or countries, but appropriateness and feasibility for the specific context or target group should be discussed and adaptations to the context should be made with local experts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSince we identified several gaps in research and the certainty of the available evidence was low to very low, we also want to advocate for higher quality future research, that use appropriate control groups, on the effectiveness of first aid training to children in different geographical regions on several learning outcomes. This will allow further development of improved first aid materials.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Conclusions","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe available evidence we identified, together with input from a multidisciplinary expert panel, was used as a basis to (1) develop an educational pathway for first aid training of Sub-Saharan African children (5-18 years), and to (2) create an overview of effective educational methods in the Sub-Saharan African context. The educational pathway shows which educational goals can be achieved within specific age groups, and represents a useful tool to design a first aid curriculum for children. Both the pathway and the overview of educational methods were used to develop teaching materials for first aid training of children in Sub-Saharan Africa. The quantity and certainty of the evidence was low but provided a framework for the pathway and teaching materials, and highlights the clear need for higher quality research in the future.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEthics approval\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot applicable\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConsent for publication\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot applicable\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAvailability of data and materials\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article and its supplementary information files.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompeting interests\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll authors, except HG, are in employment at Belgian Red Cross and receive no other funding. The activities of the Belgian Red Cross include the provision of first aid training to laypeople, and the support of African Red Cross National Societies in the development of first aid materials.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis work was funded by the Foundation for Scientific Research of the Belgian Red Cross, but the Foundation was not involved in the study design, in data collection, analysis and interpretation, and in writing of the manuscript.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAuthors' contributions\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePV conceived the research project. ACV and KD conducted the systematic literature search for research question 1, and JL for research question 2. EDB supervised the project, revised all literature searches, composed the expert panel and drafted the educational pathway. EDB, JL and HG prepared the expert panel meeting. EDB and JL presented the evidence during the expert panel meeting, which was chaired by HG. HG was reponsible for reaching consensus among the panel members. EDB and JL revised the educational pathway based on the expert input and drafted the manuscript, which was critically revised by all other co-authors.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAcknowledgements\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis work was made possible through funding from the Foundation for Scientific Research of the Belgian Red Cross. We would like to thank the members of the multidisciplinary expert panel who did not co-author this paper, but have made invaluable contributions to this project by providing their expert insights and opinions: Wenceslas Nzabalirwa (School of Education, College of Education, University of Rwanda, Rwanda), Sarah Kiguli (Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda), Beatrice Musindo (VVOB (Flemish Association for Development Cooperation and Technical Assistance), Harare, Zimbabwe), Wayne Smith (Emergency Medicine Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa), Rosalie Bikorindagara (Institut de p\u0026eacute;dagogie appliqu\u0026eacute;e, Universit\u0026eacute; du Burundi, Bujumbura, Burundi), Henriette Ramanambelina (Ecole Normale Sup\u0026eacute;rieure de l\u0026rsquo;Universit\u0026eacute; d\u0026rsquo;Antananarivo, Madagascar), Ma\u0026euml;l Rabemananjara (Madagascar Red Cross Society, Madagascar), Golden Mukwecheni (Zimbabwe Red Cross Society, Zimbabwe), Didier Dusabe (Burundi Red Cross Society, Burundi), Elke Weyenbergh (Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Belgium). We also thank An Vanderheyden (Belgian Red Cross) for facilitating some sessions during the expert panel meeting, and for her valuable input on educational aspects.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThind A, Hsia R, Mabweijano J, Hicks ER, Zakariah A, Mock CN. Prehospital and Emergency Care. In: Debas HT, Donkor P, Gawande A, Jamison DT, Kruk ME, Mock CN, editors. Essential Surgery: Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 1). Washington (DC): The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank; 2015.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVan de Velde S, De Buck E, Vandekerckhove P, Volmink J. Evidence-based African first aid guidelines and training materials. PLoS Med. 2011;8(7):e1001059.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSuryanto, Plummer V, Boyle M. EMS Systems in Lower-Middle Income Countries: A Literature Review. Prehosp Disasaster Med. 2017;32(1):64-70.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRiggs M, Franklin R, Saylany L. 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Evidence-based educational pathway for the integration of first aid training in school curricula. Resuscitation. 2015;94:8-22.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFinke SR, Schroeder DC, Ecker H, Wingen S, Hinkelbein J, Wetsch WA, et al. Gender aspects in cardiopulmonary resuscitation by schoolchildren: A systematic review. Resuscitation. 2018;125:70-\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSchroeder DC, Ecker H, Wingen S, Semeraro F, Bottiger BW. \"Kids Save Lives\"-resuscitation training for schoolchildren : Systematic review. Anaesthesist. 2017;66(8):589-97.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReveruzzi B, Buckley L, Sheehan M. School-Based First Aid Training Programs: A Systematic Review. J Sch Health. 2016;86(4):266-72.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePlant N, Taylor K. How best to teach CPR to schoolchildren: a systematic review. Resuscitation. 2013;84(4):415-21.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBruner JS. The process of education. Cambridge, Massachusetts London, England: Harvard University Press; 1960. 92 p.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHattie J, Clarke S. Visible Learning: A Synthesis of Over 800 Meta-Analyses Relating to Achievement. New York: Routledge; 2008. 392 p.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEducation Endowment Foundation: Evidence summaries. \u003ca href=\"https://educationendowmentfoundation.org.uk/evidence-summaries/\"\u003ehttps://educationendowmentfoundation.org.uk/evidence-summaries/\u003c/a\u003e (2019). Accessed 14 May 2019.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMoher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. PLoS Med. 2009;6(7):e1000097.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGuyatt GH, Oxman AD, Vist GE, Kunz R, Falck-Ytter Y, Alonso-Coello P, et al. GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations. BMJ. 2008;336(7650):924-6.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBloom BS. Taxonomy of educational objectives: The classification of educational goals (1st ed.). Longman Group; 1956. 207 p.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSnilstveit B, Stevenson J, Phillips D, Vojtkova M, Gallagher E, Schmidt T, et al. Interventions for improving learning outcomes and access to education in low-and middle-income countries: a systematic review. 3ie Systematic Review. 2015;24:1-851.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConn K. Identifying effective education interventions in Sub-Saharan Africa: a meta-analysis of rigorous impact evaluations: Columbia University; 2014.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCampbell NR, Ayala GX, Litrownik AJ, Slymen DJ, Zavala F, Elder JP. Evaluation of a first aid and home safety program for Hispanic migrant adolescents. Am J Prev Med. 2001;20(4):258-65.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFrederick K, Bixby E, Orzel MN, Stewart-Brown S, Willett K. An evaluation of the effectiveness of the Injury Minimization Programme for Schools (IMPS). Inj Prev. 2000;6(2):92-5.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHeard JP, Latenser BA, Liao J. Burn prevention in Zambia: a work in progress. J Burn Care Res. 2013;34(6):598-606.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUray T, Lunzer A, Ochsenhofer A, Thanikkel L, Zingerle R, Lillie P, et al. Feasibility of life-supporting first-aid (LSFA) training as a mandatory subject in primary schools. Resuscitation. 2003;59(2):211-20.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWilks J, Kanasa H, Pendergast D, Clark K. Emergency response readiness for primary school children. Aust Health Rev. 2016;40(4):357-63.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWafik W, Tork H. Effectiveness of a first-aid intervention program applied by undergraduate nursing students to preparatory school children. Nurs Health Sci. 2014;16(1):112-8.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAfrican First Aid Materials (AFAM). \u003ca href=\"https://www.rodekruis.be/en/what-do-we-do/afam/\"\u003ehttps://www.rodekruis.be/en/what-do-we-do/afam/\u003c/a\u003e. Accessed 14 May 2019.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e \u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Tables","content":"\u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 200%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003eTable 1.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eCharacteristics of included studies on the effectiveness of first aid education for burns, bleeding and skin wounds.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" style=\"margin-left:-.25pt;border-collapse:collapse;border:none;\" width=\"633\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 63.8pt;border: 1pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"13.449367088607595%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eAuthor, year, Country\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 77.95pt;border-top: 1pt solid black;border-right: 1pt solid black;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-image: initial;border-left: none;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"16.455696202531644%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eStudy design\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 99.25pt;border-top: 1pt solid black;border-right: 1pt solid black;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-image: initial;border-left: none;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"20.88607594936709%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003ePopulation\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 113.4pt;border-top: 1pt solid black;border-right: 1pt solid black;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-image: initial;border-left: none;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"23.89240506329114%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eComparison/Risk factor\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 120.15pt;border-top: 1pt solid black;border-right: 1pt solid black;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-image: initial;border-left: none;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"25.31645569620253%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eRemarks\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 63.8pt;border-right: 1pt solid black;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-left: 1pt solid black;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"13.449367088607595%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eCampbell, 2001, USA (25)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 77.95pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-right: 1pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"16.455696202531644%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eExperimental: randomised controlled trial\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 99.25pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-right: 1pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"20.88607594936709%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eNr. of participants:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;660 students:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: undefined;margin-left:-0.25in;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;font-family:Verdana;font-size:10.0pt;\"\u003e-\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;\"\u003e51% males\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;font-family:Verdana;font-size:10.0pt;\"\u003e-\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;\"\u003e49% females\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eTwo arms:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eIntervention n=293 Control n=367\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eAge range:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e11-16 years\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eMean ± SD:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e13 ± 1·11 years\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 113.4pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-right: 1pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"23.89240506329114%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eIntervention\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eProgramme:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;First aid and home safety training\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eContent:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;Emergency care, fever and first aid kit, bleeding, burns, fractures, dislocations and sudden illness, sports injury and prevention, poisoning, bites, stings and allergies, first aid review and household safety.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eControl\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eProgramme:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;Tobacco and alcohol prevention programme\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eContent:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;Health effects of smoking and alcohol, peer pressure, decision making, societal influences and refusal skills.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eDuration (intervention + control):\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e8 sessions (2 hours/session) spread over a 7-to 10-week period\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 120.15pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-right: 1pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"25.31645569620253%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eOutcomes were measured before, immediately after and 1 year after training.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eKnowledge:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: undefined;margin-left:-0.25in;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;font-family:Verdana;font-size:10.0pt;\"\u003e-\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;\"\u003eEmergency response procedures (check-call-care)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;;font-size:13px;\"\u003eFirst aid kit\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e[only knowledge data for FA procedure were extracted]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eSkills:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 200%;\"\u003eResponses to two audio-recorded scenarios: scenario 1. severe wound from glass; scenario 2. severe burn injury from a toddler. Type and order of responses were scored:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: undefined;margin-left:-0.25in;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;font-size:10.0pt;\"\u003eCheck the scene and victim\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;font-size:10.0pt;\"\u003eCall 911\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;font-size:10.0pt;\"\u003eCare for the victim\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eAttitude:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eFirst aid confidence\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 63.8pt;border-right: 1pt solid black;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-left: 1pt solid black;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"13.449367088607595%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eFrederick,\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e2000, UK (26)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 77.95pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-right: 1pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"16.455696202531644%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eExperimental: controlled before after study\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 99.25pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-right: 1pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"20.88607594936709%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eNr. of participants:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;1096 students\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: undefined;margin-left:7.850000000000001px;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.0pt;\"\u003eSex not reported\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eTwo arms:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eIntervention n=542\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eControl n=554\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eAge range:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e10-11 years\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 113.4pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-right: 1pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"23.89240506329114%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eIntervention\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e:\u003cu\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eProgramme:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;Injury Minimization Program for Schools (IMPS)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eContent:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;Road safety, accidents in the home, fire, electricity, poisons, waterways, basic life support and resuscitation skills.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eLecture + video + hands-on manikin training + hospital/emergency department visit.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eDuration:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eNot reported. Spread over 1 academic year\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eContro\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003el:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eNo intervention.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 120.15pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-right: 1pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"25.31645569620253%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eOutcomes were measured before and 5 months after training.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eKnowledge:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;Self-developed quiz\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eSkills:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;Performance on a basic life support scenario. [only measured post intervention]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eAttitude:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eRecord observations of dangerous behavior in a video\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e[attitude data were not extracted]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e[only post-training data were extracted]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 63.8pt;border-right: 1pt solid black;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-left: 1pt solid black;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"13.449367088607595%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eHeard, 2013, USA (27)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 77.95pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-right: 1pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"16.455696202531644%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eObservational:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003ecohort study\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 99.25pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-right: 1pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"20.88607594936709%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eNr. of participants:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;2747 students:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: undefined;margin-left:7.850000000000001px;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.0pt;\"\u003eSex not reported\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eThree surveys:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e2011 survey n=550\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e2012 survey n=2197\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e2012 resurvey n=312 (= based on same sample as from 2011)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eAge range:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e10-15 years\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 113.4pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-right: 1pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"23.89240506329114%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eIntervention\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eProgramme:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;Burn care and prevention\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eContent:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;use of cool water on acute burn injury, burn and fire safety presentation and coloring book + crayons.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eDuration:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;Not reported\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 120.15pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-right: 1pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"25.31645569620253%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eOutcomes were measured before (2012) and 11 months after training (2012 resurvey).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eKnowledge:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;10-item survey on burn first aid.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e[data from 2011 survey were not extracted]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 63.8pt;border-right: 1pt solid black;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-left: 1pt solid black;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"13.449367088607595%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eUray,\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e2003, Austria (28)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 77.95pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-right: 1pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"16.455696202531644%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eObservational:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003ebefore after study\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 99.25pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-right: 1pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"20.88607594936709%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eNr. of participants:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e47 students:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: undefined;margin-left:7.850000000000001px;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.0pt;\"\u003e20 males\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.0pt;\"\u003e27 females\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eAge range:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e6-7 years\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 113.4pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-right: 1pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"23.89240506329114%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eIntervention\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eProgramme:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;First aid training\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eContent\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e: Emergency call, CPR, AED, recovery position, bleeding and burns.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eDemonstration + hands-on manikin training.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eDuration:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;1 week\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 120.15pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-right: 1pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"25.31645569620253%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eOutcomes were measured before and immediately after training.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eKnowledge:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;Questionnaire in which students had to place three cartoon-like illustrations in the correct sequence\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 63.8pt;border-right: 1pt solid black;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-left: 1pt solid black;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"13.449367088607595%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eWafik,\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e2014, Egypt (30)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 77.95pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-right: 1pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"16.455696202531644%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eObservational: before after study\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 99.25pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-right: 1pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"20.88607594936709%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eNr. of participants:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;100 students:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: undefined;margin-left:-0.25in;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;font-family:Verdana;font-size:10.0pt;\"\u003e-\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;\"\u003eSex not reported\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eAge range:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e11-16 years\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eMean ± SD:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e13·2 ± 0·8 years\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 113.4pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-right: 1pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"23.89240506329114%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eIntervention\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eProgramme:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;First aid training\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eContent:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;wounds, poisoning, chemicals,\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eelectrocution, hemorrhage, burns, fractures, choking and basic life support.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eLecture + question time + group discussion.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eDuration:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;6 sessions (1 hour/session)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 120.15pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-right: 1pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"25.31645569620253%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eOutcomes were measured before, immediately after and 2 months after training.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eKnowledge\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 200%;\"\u003e: 32 item questionnaire.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eSkills\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 200%;\"\u003e: Performance on five first aid scenarios (choking, burns, poisoning, and fractures).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 63.8pt;border-right: 1pt solid black;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-left: 1pt solid black;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"13.449367088607595%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eWilks, 2016, Australia (29)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 77.95pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-right: 1pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"16.455696202531644%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eObservational: before after study\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 99.25pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-right: 1pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"20.88607594936709%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eNr. of participants\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e: 107 students:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: undefined;margin-left:-0.25in;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;font-size:13px;\"\u003e51 males\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;font-size:13px;\"\u003e56 females\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eAge range\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e11-12 years\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eMean ± SD:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e11·4 ± 0\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 200%;\"\u003e·\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e5 years\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 113.4pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-right: 1pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"23.89240506329114%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eIntervention:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eProgramme\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e: First aid, CPR and beach safety training\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eContent\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e: Beach safety; Leadership and team bonding exercises; First aid: sprains, bleeding, choking, heart attack, allergic reactions; Hands-on manikin training\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;margin-left:.25in;line-height: 200%;font-size:11px;font-family:\u0026quot;Verdana\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eDuration:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;1 day\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 120.15pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-right: 1pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"25.31645569620253%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eOutcomes were measured before, 1 week after, and 8 weeks after training.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eKnowledge:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;50-item quiz on emergency services and life-supporting first aid\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eTable 2.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eStudy findings of the studies investigating the effectiveness of first aid education for burns, bleeding and skin wounds.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" style=\"margin-left:-.25pt;border-collapse:collapse;border:none;\" width=\"635\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 85pt;border: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"17.823343848580443%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eOutcome\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 92.1pt;border-top: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-left: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"19.400630914826497%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eComparison\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 148.85pt;border-top: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-left: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"31.230283911671926%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eEffect Size\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 92.1pt;border-top: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-left: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"19.400630914826497%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e#studies, # participants\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 57.85pt;border-top: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-left: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"12.145110410094638%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eReference\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" style=\"width: 475.9pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eBURNS\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" style=\"width: 475.9pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eKnowledge\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" style=\"width: 475.9pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: disc;margin-left:undefined;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;font-size:13px;\"\u003e6-7 years\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 84.35pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"17.665615141955836%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eKnowledge: Burns FA\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 92.75pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"19.558359621451103%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003ePre vs post\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 148.85pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"31.230283911671926%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eStatistically significant:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eMD: 27%, 95% CI [11%;40%] λ\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(p\u0026lt;0.05)*\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eIn favour of first aid training\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 92.1pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"19.400630914826497%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e1, 47 vs 47 §\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(within subject)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 57.85pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"12.145110410094638%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eUray, 2003 (28)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" style=\"width: 475.9pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: disc;margin-left:undefined;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;font-size:13px;\"\u003e10-11 years\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 84.35pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"17.665615141955836%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eKnowledge: Burns FA\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 92.75pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"19.558359621451103%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eFA training vs no intervention\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 148.85pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"31.230283911671926%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eStatistically significant:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e1.5±1.0 vs 1.3±1.0\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eMD: 0.2, 95% CI [0.08;0.32]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(p\u0026lt;0.001)*\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003ein favour of first aid training\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 92.1pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"19.400630914826497%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e1, 542 vs 554 §(power analysis)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 57.85pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"12.145110410094638%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eFrederick, 2000 (26)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" style=\"width: 475.9pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: disc;margin-left:undefined;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;font-size:13px;\"\u003e10-15 years\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 84.35pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"17.665615141955836%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eKnowledge: what to do when clothes catch fire\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 92.75pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"19.558359621451103%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003ePre vs 11 month follow-up\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 148.85pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"31.230283911671926%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eStatistically significant:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e1873 (85%) vs 179 (57%)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eOR: 0·41 £†\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(p\u0026lt;0.01)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003ein favour of first aid training\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 92.1pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"19.400630914826497%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e1, 2197 vs 312\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 57.85pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"12.145110410094638%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eHeard, 2013 (27)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 84.35pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"36.12903225806452%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eKnowledge: Burns FA\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 148.85pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"63.87096774193548%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eStatistically significant:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e1820 (83%) vs 258 (83%)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eOR: 1.83 £†\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(p=0.03)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003ein favour of first aid training\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" style=\"width: 475.9pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: disc;margin-left:undefined;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;font-size:13px;\"\u003e11-15 years\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 84.35pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"17.665615141955836%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eKnowledge: Burns FA (score \u0026gt;60%)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 92.75pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"19.558359621451103%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003ePre vs post\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 148.85pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"31.230283911671926%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eStatistically significant:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e5 (5%) vs 99 (99%) §\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eRR: 19.80* £\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(p\u0026lt;0.001)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003ein favour of first aid training\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 92.1pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"19.400630914826497%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e1, 100\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(within subject)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 57.85pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"12.145110410094638%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eWafik, 2014 (30)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 92.75pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"38.50931677018634%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003ePre vs 2 month follow-up\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 148.85pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"61.49068322981366%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eStatistically significant:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e5 (5%) vs 100 (100%) §\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eRR: 20.00* £\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(p\u0026lt;0.001)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003ein favour of first aid training\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" style=\"width: 475.9pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eSkills\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" style=\"width: 475.9pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: disc;margin-left:undefined;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;font-size:13px;\"\u003e11-15 years\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 84.35pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"17.665615141955836%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eSkills: Burns practice (score \u0026gt;60%)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 92.75pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"19.558359621451103%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003ePre vs post\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 148.85pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"31.230283911671926%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eStatistically significant:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e0 (0%) vs 94 (94%) §\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eRR: 189.00* £\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(p\u0026lt;0.001)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003ein favour of first aid training\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 92.1pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"19.400630914826497%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e1, 100\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(within subject)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 57.85pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"12.145110410094638%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eWafik, 2014 (30)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 92.75pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"38.50931677018634%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003ePre vs 2 month follow-up\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 148.85pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"61.49068322981366%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eStatistically significant:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e0 (0%) vs 74 (74%) §\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eRR: 149.00* £\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(p\u0026lt;0.001)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003ein favour of first aid training\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" style=\"width: 475.9pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: disc;margin-left:undefined;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;font-size:13px;\"\u003e11-16 years\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 84.35pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"17.665615141955836%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eSkills: Order of FA response\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 92.75pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"19.558359621451103%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eFA training vs sham intervention\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 148.85pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"31.230283911671926%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eScenario (severe burn injury)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eNot statistically significant:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e5 (3%) vs 1 (0·5%) §\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eRR: 7.52, 95% CI [0.89;63.69]* ¥\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(p=0.06)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 92.1pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"19.400630914826497%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e1, 147 vs 221\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 57.85pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"12.145110410094638%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eCampbell, 2001 (25)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 84.35pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"36.12903225806452%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eSkills: Correct procedures listed\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 148.85pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"63.87096774193548%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eScenario (severe burn injury)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eNot statistically significant:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e104 (73%) vs 149 (69%) §\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eRR: 1.05, 95% CI [0.91;1.21]* ¥\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(p=0.49)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" style=\"width: 475.9pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eAttitude – no studies available\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" style=\"width: 475.9pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eBLEEDING\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" style=\"width: 475.9pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eKnowledge\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" style=\"width: 475.9pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: disc;margin-left:undefined;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;font-size:13px;\"\u003e11-12 years\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 84.35pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"17.665615141955836%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eKnowledge: cuts and bleeding FA\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 92.75pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"19.558359621451103%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003ePre vs 1 week post\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 148.85pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"31.230283911671926%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eStatistically significant:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e74 (69%) vs 94 (90%) §\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eRR: 1.33* £\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(p\u0026lt;0.001- overall p)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003ein favour of first aid training\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 92.1pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"19.400630914826497%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e1, 107 vs 102\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(within subject)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 57.85pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"12.145110410094638%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eWilks, 2015 (29)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 92.75pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"27.865168539325843%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003ePre vs 8 week follow-up\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 148.85pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"44.49438202247191%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eStatistically significant:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e74 (69%) vs 93 (82%) §\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eRR: 1.28* £\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(p\u0026lt;0.001- overall p)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003ein favour of first aid training\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 92.1pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"27.640449438202246%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e1, 107 vs 105\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(within subject)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" style=\"width: 475.9pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: disc;margin-left:undefined;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;font-size:13px;\"\u003e11-15 years\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 84.35pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"17.665615141955836%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eKnowledge: Haemorrhage FA\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e(score \u0026gt;60%)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 92.75pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"19.558359621451103%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003ePre vs post\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 148.85pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"31.230283911671926%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eStatistically significant:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e34 (34%) vs 97 (97%)\u0026nbsp;§\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eRR: 2.85* £\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(p\u0026lt;0.001)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003ein favour of first aid training\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 92.1pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"19.400630914826497%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e1, 100\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(within subject)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 57.85pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"12.145110410094638%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eWafik, 2014 (30)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 92.75pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"38.50931677018634%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003ePre vs 2 month follow-up\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 148.85pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"61.49068322981366%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eStatistically significant:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e34 (34%) vs 92 (92%) §\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eRR: 2.71* £\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(p\u0026lt;0.001)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003ein favour of first aid training\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" style=\"width: 475.9pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eSkills\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" style=\"width: 475.9pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: disc;margin-left:undefined;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;font-size:13px;\"\u003e11-16 years\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 84.35pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"17.665615141955836%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eSkills: Order of FA response\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 92.75pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"19.558359621451103%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eFA training vs sham intervention\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 148.85pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"31.230283911671926%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eScenario (severe glass wound)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eStatistically significant:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e21 (14%) vs 10 (5%) §\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eRR: 3.16, 95% CI [1.53;6.51]*\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(p\u0026lt;0.001)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003ein favour of first aid training\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 92.1pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"19.400630914826497%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e1, 147 vs 221\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 57.85pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"12.145110410094638%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eCampbell, 2001 (25)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 84.35pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"36.12903225806452%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eSkills: Correct procedures listed\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 148.85pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"63.87096774193548%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eScenario (severe glass wound)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eNot statistically significant:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e75 (52%) vs 125 (57%)\u0026nbsp;§\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eRR: 0.90, 95% CI [0.74;1.10]*\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;¥\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(p=0.41)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" style=\"width: 475.9pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eAttitude – no studies available\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" style=\"width: 475.9pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eSKIN WOUNDS\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" style=\"width: 475.9pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eKnowledge\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" style=\"width: 475.9pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: disc;margin-left:undefined;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;font-size:13px;\"\u003e11-12 years\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 85pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;height: 47.15pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"17.823343848580443%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eKnowledge: cuts and bleeding FA\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 92.1pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;height: 47.15pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"19.400630914826497%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003ePre vs 1 week post\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 148.85pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;height: 47.15pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"31.230283911671926%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eStatistically significant:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e74 (69%) vs 94 (90%) §\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eRR: 1·33* £\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(p\u0026lt;0.001- overall p)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003ein favour of first aid training\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 92.1pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;height: 47.15pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"19.400630914826497%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e1, 107 vs 102\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(within subject)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 57.85pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;height: 47.15pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"12.145110410094638%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eWilks, 2016 (29)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 92.1pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;height: 47.1pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"27.7027027027027%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003ePre vs 8 week follow-up\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 148.85pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;height: 47.1pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"44.5945945945946%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eStatistically significant:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e74 (69%) vs 93 (82%) §\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eRR: 1.28* £\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(p\u0026lt;0.001- overall p)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003ein favour of first aid training\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 92.1pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;height: 47.1pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"27.7027027027027%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e1, 107 vs 105\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(within subject)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" style=\"width: 475.9pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;height: 22.95pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: disc;margin-left:undefined;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;font-size:13px;\"\u003e11-15 years\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 85pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;height: 47.1pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"17.823343848580443%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eKnowledge: Wounds FA (score \u0026gt;60%)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 92.1pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;height: 47.1pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"19.400630914826497%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003ePre vs post\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 148.85pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;height: 47.1pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"31.230283911671926%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eStatistically significant:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e47 (47%) vs 96 (96%) §\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eRR: 2.04* £\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(p\u0026lt;0.001)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003ein favour of first aid training\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 92.1pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;height: 47.1pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"19.400630914826497%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e1, 100\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(within subject)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 57.85pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;height: 47.1pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"12.145110410094638%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eWafik, 2014 (30)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 92.1pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;height: 47.1pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"38.3177570093458%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003ePre vs 2 month follow-up\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 148.85pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;height: 47.1pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"61.6822429906542%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eStatistically significant:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e47 (47%) vs 90 (90%) §\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eRR: 1.91* £\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(p\u0026lt;0.001)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003ein favour of first aid training\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" style=\"width: 475.9pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;height: 19.35pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eSkills\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" style=\"width: 475.9pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;height: 19.75pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: disc;margin-left:undefined;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;font-size:13px;\"\u003e11-16 years\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 85pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;height: 47.1pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"17.823343848580443%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eSkills: Order of FA response\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 92.1pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;height: 47.1pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"19.400630914826497%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eFA training vs sham intervention\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 148.85pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;height: 47.1pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"31.230283911671926%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eScenario (severe glass wound)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eStatistically significant:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e21 (14%) vs 10 (5%) §\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eRR: 3.16, 95% CI [1.53;6.51]*\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(p\u0026lt;0.001)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003ein favour of first aid training\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 92.1pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;height: 47.1pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"19.400630914826497%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e1, 147 vs 221\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 57.85pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;height: 47.1pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"12.145110410094638%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eCampbell, 2001 (25)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 85pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;height: 47.1pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"36.334405144694536%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eSkills: Correct procedures listed\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 148.85pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;height: 47.1pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"63.665594855305464%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eScenario (severe glass wound)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eNot statistically significant:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e75 (52%) vs 125 (57%)\u0026nbsp;§\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eRR: 0.90, 95% CI [0.74;1.10]*\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;¥\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(p=0.41)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" style=\"width: 475.9pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;height: 4.75pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eAttitude – no studies available\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"border:none;\" width=\"17.665615141955836%\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\n \u003cbr\u003e\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"border:none;\" width=\"0.15772870662460567%\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\n \u003cbr\u003e\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"border:none;\" width=\"19.400630914826497%\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\n \u003cbr\u003e\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"border:none;\" width=\"31.230283911671926%\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\n \u003cbr\u003e\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"border:none;\" width=\"19.400630914826497%\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\n \u003cbr\u003e\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"border:none;\" width=\"12.145110410094638%\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\n \u003cbr\u003e\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eMean ± SD (unless otherwise indicated), MD: mean difference, RR: risk ratio, OR: odds ratio, RD: risk difference\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e* calculations done by the reviewer using Revman, R software, or Excel\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e£ No raw data available and CI cannot be calculated.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e¥ Imprecision (large variability of results)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e† Imprecision (lack of data)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e§ Imprecision (limited sample size or low number of events)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eλ\u0026nbsp;data extracted from graph\n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eTable 3.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eResults of the meta-analyses on the effectiveness of the 3 categories of educational interventions.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" style=\"margin-left:.25pt;border-collapse:collapse;border:none;\" width=\"633\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 84.15pt;border: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"17.72151898734177%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eOutcome\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 92.55pt;border-top: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-left: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"19.462025316455698%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eComparison\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 127.6pt;border-top: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-left: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"26.89873417721519%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eEffect Size\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 120.45pt;border-top: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-left: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"25.474683544303797%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e#effect sizes, # studies\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 49.65pt;border-top: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-left: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"10.443037974683545%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eReference\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" style=\"width: 474.4pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003ePROVISION OF INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 84.15pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"17.72151898734177%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eComposite test scores (standardised mean difference (SMD)±standard error (SE))\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 92.55pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"19.462025316455698%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eProvision of instructional materials\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003evs\n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;no intervention (business as usual)\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 127.6pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"26.89873417721519%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eNot statistically significant:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eSMD: 0.01±0.01, 95% CI \n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;[-0.01;0.02] (p=0.23)\u0026nbsp;†\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 120.45pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"25.474683544303797%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e5 effect sizes from \n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;3 studies\u0026nbsp;††\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(Das 2013, \n \u003cbr\u003e Glewwe 2004, \n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;Glewwe 2009)\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 49.65pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"10.443037974683545%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eSnilstveit, 2015 (23)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 84.15pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"25.28216704288939%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eLanguage arts test scores (SMD±SE)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 127.6pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"38.37471783295711%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eNot statistically significant:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eSMD: 0.00±0.01, 95% CI \n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;[-0.02;0.02] (p=0.78) †\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 120.45pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"36.3431151241535%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e5 effect sizes from \n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;4 studies\u0026nbsp;††\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(Das 2013, \n \u003cbr\u003e Glewwe 2004, \n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;Glewwe 2009,\u0026nbsp;\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eSabarwal 2009)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 84.15pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"25.28216704288939%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eMaths test scores (SMD±SE)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 127.6pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"38.37471783295711%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eNot statistically significant:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eSMD: -0.02±0.02, 95% CI \n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;[-0.06;0.02] (p=0.26) †\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 120.45pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"36.3431151241535%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e5 effect sizes from \n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;4 studies\u0026nbsp;††\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(Das 2013, \n \u003cbr\u003e Glewwe 2004, \n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;Glewwe 2009,\u0026nbsp;\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eSabarwal 2009)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" style=\"width: 474.4pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eUSE OF ALTERNATIVE PEDAGOGICAL\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;METHODS\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 84.15pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"17.72151898734177%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eLearning/testing outcomes (Cohen’s \u003cem\u003ed\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e± SE)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 92.55pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"19.462025316455698%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eUse of alternative pedagogical methods\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003evs\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003econventional teaching methods\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 127.6pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"26.89873417721519%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eStatistically significant:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eCohen’s \u003cem\u003ed\u003c/em\u003e: 0.918±0.314, 95% CI [0.25;1.59] (p\u0026lt;0.05)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 120.45pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"25.474683544303797%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e41 effect sizes from \n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;17 studies ††\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(Abdu-Raheem 2012,\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eAjaja 2010, \n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;Bimbola 2010,\u0026nbsp;\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eBrooker 2013, \n \u003cbr\u003e Githua 2008, \n \u003cbr\u003e Kiboss 2012, \n \u003cbr\u003e Korsah 2010, \n \u003cbr\u003e Louw 2008, \n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;Lucas 2014 Kenya,\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eLucas 2014 Uganda, \n \u003cbr\u003e Nwagbo 2006, \n \u003cbr\u003e Piper 2009, \n \u003cbr\u003e Piper 2011, \n \u003cbr\u003e Sailors 2010, \n \u003cbr\u003e Spratt 2013, \n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;Van Staden 2011, Wachanga 2004)\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 49.65pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"10.443037974683545%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eConn, 2014 (24)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" style=\"width: 474.4pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eSTRUCTURED PEDAGOGY INTERVENTIONS\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 84.15pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"17.72151898734177%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eCognitive test scores (SMD±SE)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"10\" style=\"width: 92.55pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"19.462025316455698%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eStructured pedagogy interventions\n \u003cbr\u003e vs\n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;no intervention or other small educational intervention\u0026nbsp;\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 127.6pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"26.89873417721519%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eNot statistically significant:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eSMD: 0.01±0.03, 95% CI\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e[-0.04;0.07] (p=0.66)\u0026nbsp;†\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 113.4pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"23.89240506329114%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e2 effect sizes from \n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;2 studies\u0026nbsp;††\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(Irwing 2008, \n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;Jukes 2015)\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" rowspan=\"10\" style=\"width: 56.7pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"12.025316455696203%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eSnilstveit, 2015 (23)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 84.15pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"25.86605080831409%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eComposite test scores (SMD±SE)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 127.6pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"39.260969976905315%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eStatistically significant:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eSMD: 0.06±0.01, 95% CI [0.03;0.08] (p\u0026lt;0.0001)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 113.4pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"34.8729792147806%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e3 effect sizes from \n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;3 studies\u0026nbsp;††\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(He 2007 year 1, \n \u003cbr\u003e He 2007 year 2, \n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;Tan 1999)\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 127.6pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"52.9595015576324%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eGrades 1-3 sub-group:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eStatistically significant:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eSMD: 0.09±0.02, 95% CI [0.05;0.13] (p\u0026lt;0.0001)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 113.4pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"47.0404984423676%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e2 effect sizes from \n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;2 studies\u0026nbsp;††\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(He 2007 year 1, \n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;He 2007 year 2)\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 127.6pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"52.9595015576324%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eGrades 4-5 sub-group:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eStatistically significant:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eSMD: 0.08±0.02, 95% CI [0.04;0.12] (p\u0026lt;0.0001)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 113.4pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"47.0404984423676%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e2 effect sizes from \n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;2 studies\u0026nbsp;††\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(He 2007 year 1, \n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;He 2007 year 2)\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 84.15pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"25.86605080831409%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eLanguage arts test scores (SMD±SE)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 127.6pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"39.260969976905315%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eStatistically significant:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eSMD: 0.23±0.05, 95% CI [0.13;0.34] (p\u0026lt;0.001)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 113.4pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"34.8729792147806%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e67 effect sizes from \n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;17 studies\u0026nbsp;††\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(Abeberese 2011,\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eDixon 2011, \n \u003cbr\u003e He 2007 year 1, \n \u003cbr\u003e He 2007 year 2, \n \u003cbr\u003e He 2009, \n \u003cbr\u003e Jukes 2015, \n \u003cbr\u003e Kerwin 2015, \n \u003cbr\u003e Leme 2010, \n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;Lucas 2014 Kenya,\u0026nbsp;\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eLucas 2014 Uganda, Mouton 1995, Nonoyama-Tarumi 2009, \n \u003cbr\u003e Pallante 2013, \n \u003cbr\u003e Piper 2011, \n \u003cbr\u003e RTI International 2015, \n \u003cbr\u003e Spratt 2013, \n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;Tan 1999)\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 127.6pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"52.9595015576324%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eGrades 1-3 sub-group:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eStatistically significant:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eSMD: 0.23±0.06, 95% CI [0.11;0.35] (p\u0026lt;0.01)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 113.4pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"47.0404984423676%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e63 effect sizes from \n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;14 studies\u0026nbsp;††\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(Dixon 2011, \n \u003cbr\u003e He 2007 year 1, \n \u003cbr\u003e He 2007 year 2, \n \u003cbr\u003e He 2009, \n \u003cbr\u003e Jukes 2015, \n \u003cbr\u003e Kerwin 2015, \n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;Lucas 2014 Kenya,\u0026nbsp;\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eLucas 2014 Uganda, Nonoyama-Tarumi 2009, \n \u003cbr\u003e Pallante 2013, \n \u003cbr\u003e Piper 2011, \n \u003cbr\u003e RTI International 2015, \n \u003cbr\u003e Spratt 2013, \n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;Tan 1999)\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 127.6pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"52.9595015576324%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eGrades 4-6 sub-group:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eNot statistically significant:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eSMD: 0.21±0.13, 95% CI \n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;[-0.04;0.47] (p=0.10)\u0026nbsp;†\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 113.4pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"47.0404984423676%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e4 effect sizes from \n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;4 studies\u0026nbsp;††\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(Abeberese 2011, \n \u003cbr\u003e He 2007 year 2, \n \u003cbr\u003e Leme 2010, \n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;Mouton 1995)\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 84.15pt;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-left: 1pt solid windowtext;border-image: initial;border-top: none;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"25.86605080831409%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eMaths test scores (SMD±SE)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 127.6pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"39.260969976905315%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eStatistically significant:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eSMD: 0.14±0.03, 95% CI [0.08;0.20] (p\u0026lt;0.001)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 113.4pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"34.8729792147806%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e24 effect sizes from \n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;14 studies\u0026nbsp;††\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(Abeberese 2011, Berlinski 2013, \n \u003cbr\u003e He 2007 year 1, \n \u003cbr\u003e He 2007 year 2, \n \u003cbr\u003e Jukes 2015, \n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;Lucas 2014 Kenya,\u0026nbsp;\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eLucas 2014 Uganda, Leme 2010, \n \u003cbr\u003e Mouton 1995, \n \u003cbr\u003e Piper 2011, \n \u003cbr\u003e Piper 2014, \n \u003cbr\u003e RTI International 2015, \n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;San Antonio 2011,\u0026nbsp;\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eTan 1999)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 127.6pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"52.9595015576324%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eGrades 1-3 sub-group:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eStatistically significant:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eSMD: 0.08±0.03, 95% CI [0.03;0.13] (p\u0026lt;0.01)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 113.4pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"47.0404984423676%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e9 effect sizes from \n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;9 studies\u0026nbsp;††\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(He 2007 year 1, \n \u003cbr\u003e He 2007 year 2, \n \u003cbr\u003e Jukes 2015, \n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;Lucas 2014 Kenya,\u0026nbsp;\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eLucas 2014 Uganda, Piper 2011, \n \u003cbr\u003e Piper 2014, \n \u003cbr\u003e RTI International 2015, \n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;Tan 1999)\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 127.6pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"52.9595015576324%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eGrades 4-6 sub-group:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eStatistically significant:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eSMD: 0.21±0.08, 95% CI [0.04;0.37] (p\u0026lt;0.05)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 113.4pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"47.0404984423676%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e4 effect sizes from \n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;4 studies\u0026nbsp;††\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e(Abeberese 2011, \n \u003cbr\u003e He 2007 year 2, \n \u003cbr\u003e Leme 2010, \n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;Mouton 1995)\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"border:none;\" width=\"17.74960380348653%\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\n \u003cbr\u003e\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"border:none;\" width=\"19.492868462757528%\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\n \u003cbr\u003e\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"border:none;\" width=\"26.94136291600634%\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\n \u003cbr\u003e\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"border:none;\" width=\"23.93026941362916%\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\n \u003cbr\u003e\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"border:none;\" width=\"1.4263074484944533%\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\n \u003cbr\u003e\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"border:none;\" width=\"10.45958795562599%\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\n \u003cbr\u003e\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003eSMD: standardized mean difference, SE: standard error\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e† Imprecision (lack of data): mean of the control group is not reported\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e†† Imprecision (lack of data): total sample size is not reported\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eTable 4\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e. Educational pathway on first aid for burns, bleeding and skin wounds, adapted to the Sub-Saharan African context.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" style=\"border-collapse:collapse;border:none;\" width=\"636\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 239.3pt;border-width: 2.25pt 2.25pt 1pt;border-color: windowtext black black windowtext;border-style: solid;padding: 0in 5.4pt;height: 42.05pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"50.31545741324921%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eE: Encourage\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eK: Know/Know How\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR: Repeat\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:solid windowtext 2.25pt;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:42.05pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e5-6 yrs\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:solid windowtext 2.25pt;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:42.05pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e7-8 yrs\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:solid windowtext 2.25pt;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:42.05pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e9-10 yrs\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:solid windowtext 2.25pt;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:42.05pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e11-12 yrs\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:solid windowtext 2.25pt;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:42.05pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e13-14 yrs\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:solid windowtext 2.25pt;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:42.05pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e15-16 yrs\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:solid windowtext 2.25pt;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 2.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:42.05pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e17-18 yrs\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"8\" style=\"width: 477.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: 2.25pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 2.25pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eBURNS\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:239.3pt;border-top:none;border-left:solid windowtext 2.25pt;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:none;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:17.0pt;\" width=\"50.31545741324921%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eKnowledge\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:17.0pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:17.0pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:17.0pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:17.0pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:17.0pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:17.0pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 2.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:17.0pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 239.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: 2.25pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-right: 2.25pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"50.31545741324921%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eThe children:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;border:none yellow 1.0pt;padding:2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: disc;margin-left:-0.25in;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;font-size:13px;\"\u003erecognise a burn\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eE\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eK\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 2.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 239.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: 2.25pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-right: 2.25pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"50.31545741324921%\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;border:none silver 1.0pt;padding:2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: undefined;margin-left:-0.25in;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;font-family:Symbol;font-family:Symbol;font-size:10.0pt;\"\u003e·\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;\"\u003eknow how to provide first aid for a burn (regardless of the degree of the burn)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eE\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eK\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 2.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 239.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: 2.25pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-right: 2.25pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"50.31545741324921%\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;border:none yellow 1.0pt;padding:2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: disc;margin-left:-0.25in;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eknow when to seek medical help for a burn\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eE\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eK\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 2.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 239.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: 2.25pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-right: 2.25pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"50.31545741324921%\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;border:none silver 1.0pt;padding:2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: disc;margin-left:-0.25in;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eknow the difference between a superficial, intermediate and deep burn\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eE\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eK\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 2.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 239.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: 2.25pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-right: 2.25pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"50.31545741324921%\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;border:none silver 1.0pt;padding:2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: disc;margin-left:-0.25in;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eknow what commonly causes burns (hot water, flames, fire)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eK\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 2.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 239.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: 2.25pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 2.25pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"50.31545741324921%\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;border:none silver 1.0pt;padding:2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: disc;margin-left:-0.25in;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eknow what can cause a burn (heat, chemicals, radiation...)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eE\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eE\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eE\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eE\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eK\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 2.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"8\" style=\"width:477.3pt;border-top:none;border-left: solid windowtext 2.25pt;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right: solid windowtext 2.25pt;padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:17.0pt;\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eSkills\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 239.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: 2.25pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-right: 2.25pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"50.31545741324921%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;font-size:16px;font-family:\u0026quot;Ubuntu\u0026quot;,sans-serif;color:black;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 200%; font-family: \u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;, sans-serif;\"\u003eThe children can:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;border:none silver 1.0pt;padding:2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: disc;margin-left:-0.25in;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 200%; font-family: \u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"\u003ecorrectly provide first aid for a burn\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eE\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eK\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 2.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 239.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: 2.25pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 2.25pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"50.31545741324921%\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;border:none yellow 1.0pt;padding:2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: disc;margin-left:-0.25in;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 200%; font-family: \u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"\u003eseek medical help if the burn is serious\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eK\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 2.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:239.3pt;border-top:none;border-left:solid windowtext 2.25pt;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:none;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:17.0pt;\" width=\"50.31545741324921%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eAttitudes\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:17.0pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:17.0pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:17.0pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:17.0pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:17.0pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:17.0pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 2.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:17.0pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 239.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: 2.25pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-right: 2.25pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"50.31545741324921%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;margin-left:.5in;line-height:200%;font-size:11px;font-family:\u0026quot;Verdana\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin:0in;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003eSee educational pathway General \u0026gt; Attitudes\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 2.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 239.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: 2.25pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 2.25pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"50.31545741324921%\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;border:none silver 1.0pt;padding:2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;border:none;padding:0in;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eThe children recognise the importance of:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: undefined;margin-left:-0.25in;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;font-family:Symbol;font-family:Symbol;font-size:10.0pt;\"\u003e·\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;\"\u003econtinuously applying water to a burn\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eE\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eK\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 2.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"8\" style=\"width: 477.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: 2.25pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 2.25pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eBLEEDING\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:239.3pt;border-top:none;border-left:solid windowtext 2.25pt;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:none;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:17.0pt;\" width=\"50.31545741324921%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eKnowledge\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:17.0pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:17.0pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:17.0pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:17.0pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:17.0pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:17.0pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 2.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:17.0pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 239.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: 2.25pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-right: 2.25pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"50.31545741324921%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eThe children know:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;border:none silver 1.0pt;padding:2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: undefined;margin-left:-0.25in;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;font-family:Symbol;font-family:Symbol;font-size:10.0pt;\"\u003e·\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;\"\u003ewhat they have to do in the event of a nosebleed\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eE\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eK\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 2.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 239.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: 2.25pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-right: 2.25pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"50.31545741324921%\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;border:none silver 1.0pt;padding:2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: undefined;margin-left:-0.25in;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;font-family:Symbol;font-family:Symbol;font-size:10.0pt;\"\u003e·\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;\"\u003ewhen to seek medical help for a nosebleed\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eE\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eK\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 2.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 239.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: 2.25pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-right: 2.25pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"50.31545741324921%\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;border:none silver 1.0pt;padding:2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: disc;margin-left:-0.25in;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003ehow to correctly stop (severe) bleeding\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eE\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eK\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 2.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 239.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: 2.25pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 2.25pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"50.31545741324921%\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;border:none silver 1.0pt;padding:2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: undefined;margin-left:-0.25in;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;font-family:Symbol;font-family:Symbol;font-size:10.0pt;\"\u003e·\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;\"\u003ethat medical help must always be sought in the event of severe bleeding\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eE\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eK\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 2.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:239.3pt;border-top:none;border-left:solid windowtext 2.25pt;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:none;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:17.0pt;\" width=\"50.31545741324921%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eSkills\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:17.0pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:17.0pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:17.0pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:17.0pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:17.0pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:17.0pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 2.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:17.0pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 239.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: 2.25pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-right: 2.25pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"50.31545741324921%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;font-size:16px;font-family:\u0026quot;Ubuntu\u0026quot;,sans-serif;color:black;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 200%; font-family: \u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;, sans-serif;\"\u003eThe children can:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;border:none silver 1.0pt;padding:2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: disc;margin-left:-0.25in;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 200%; font-family: \u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"\u003ecorrectly stop a nosebleed\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eE\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eK\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 2.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 239.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: 2.25pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 2.25pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"50.31545741324921%\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;border:none silver 1.0pt;padding:2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: disc;margin-left:-0.25in;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;;font-size:13px;\"\u003eapply a bandage to stop (severe) bleeding\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eK\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 2.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:239.3pt;border-top:none;border-left:solid windowtext 2.25pt;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:none;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:17.0pt;\" width=\"50.31545741324921%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eAttitudes\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:17.0pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:17.0pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:17.0pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:17.0pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:17.0pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:17.0pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 2.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:17.0pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 239.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: 2.25pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid black;border-right: 2.25pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"50.31545741324921%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;margin-left:.5in;line-height:200%;font-size:11px;font-family:\u0026quot;Verdana\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin:0in;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003eSee educational pathway General \u0026gt; Attitudes\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 2.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 239.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: 2.25pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 2.25pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"50.31545741324921%\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;border:none silver 1.0pt;padding:2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;border:none;padding:0in;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eThe children recognise the importance of\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: undefined;margin-left:-0.25in;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;font-family:Symbol;font-family:Symbol;font-size:10.0pt;\"\u003e·\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;\"\u003estopping a bleeding as quickly as possible\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eE\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eK\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 2.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"8\" style=\"width: 477.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: 2.25pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 2.25pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eSKIN WOUNDS\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"8\" style=\"width:477.3pt;border-top:none;border-left: solid windowtext 2.25pt;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right: solid black 2.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eKnowledge\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 239.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: 2.25pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 2.25pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"50.31545741324921%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eThe children:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;border:none silver 1.0pt;padding:2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: disc;margin-left:-0.25in;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003erecognise a skin wound\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eE\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eK\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 2.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 239.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: 2.25pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 2.25pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"50.31545741324921%\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;border:none silver 1.0pt;padding:2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: undefined;margin-left:-0.25in;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;font-family:Symbol;font-family:Symbol;font-size:10.0pt;\"\u003e·\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;\"\u003eknow which equipment is needed to provide first aid for a skin wound\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eE\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eK\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 2.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 239.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: 2.25pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 2.25pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"50.31545741324921%\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;border:none silver 1.0pt;padding:2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: disc;margin-left:-0.25in;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eknow when the injured person should seek medical help for a skin wound\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eK\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 2.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 239.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: 2.25pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 2.25pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"50.31545741324921%\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;border:none silver 1.0pt;padding:2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: undefined;margin-left:-0.25in;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;font-family:Symbol;font-family:Symbol;font-size:10.0pt;\"\u003e·\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;\"\u003eknow the importance of tetanus vaccinations, and know why tetanus is dangerous and linked with skin wounds\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eK\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 2.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 239.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: 2.25pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 2.25pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"50.31545741324921%\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;border:none silver 1.0pt;padding:2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: disc;margin-left:-0.25in;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eknow that an injured person with a skin wound in which a foreign object is embedded should always seek medical help\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eK\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 2.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"8\" style=\"width:477.3pt;border-top:none;border-left: solid windowtext 2.25pt;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right: solid black 2.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eSkills\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 239.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: 2.25pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 2.25pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"50.31545741324921%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;font-size:16px;font-family:\u0026quot;Ubuntu\u0026quot;,sans-serif;color:black;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 200%; font-family: \u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;, sans-serif;\"\u003eThe children can:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;border:none silver 1.0pt;padding:2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: disc;margin-left:-0.25in;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 200%; font-family: \u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"\u003ecorrectly provide first aid for a skin wound if clean water is available\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eE\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eK\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 2.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 239.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: 2.25pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 2.25pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"50.31545741324921%\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;border:none silver 1.0pt;padding:2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: undefined;margin-left:-0.25in;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;font-family:Symbol;font-family:Symbol;font-size:10.0pt;\"\u003e·\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;\"\u003estop the bleeding of a wound that does not stop bleeding by itself\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eE\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eK\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 2.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 239.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: 2.25pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 2.25pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"50.31545741324921%\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;border:none silver 1.0pt;padding:2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: undefined;margin-left:-0.25in;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;font-family:Symbol;font-family:Symbol;font-size:10.0pt;\"\u003e·\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;\"\u003ecorrectly provide first aid for a skin wound in which a foreign object is embedded\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eK\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 2.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"8\" style=\"width:477.3pt;border-top:none;border-left: solid windowtext 2.25pt;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right: solid black 2.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eAttitude\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 239.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: 2.25pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 2.25pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"50.31545741324921%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;margin-left:.5in;line-height:200%;font-size:11px;font-family:\u0026quot;Verdana\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin:0in;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003eSee educational pathway General \u0026gt; Attitudes\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 2.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 239.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: 2.25pt solid windowtext;border-bottom: 2.25pt solid windowtext;border-right: 2.25pt solid black;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"50.31545741324921%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eThe children recognise the importance of:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;border:none yellow 1.0pt;padding:2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cul style=\"list-style-type: undefined;margin-left:-0.25in;\"\u003e\n \u003cli style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;font-family:Symbol;font-family:Symbol;font-size:10.0pt;\"\u003e·\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;\"\u003ecorrectly providing first aid for a skin wound in which a foreign object is embedded\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 2.25pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 2.25pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 2.25pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 2.25pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eE\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 2.25pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eK\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 2.25pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:34.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 2.25pt;border-right:solid black 2.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"7.097791798107256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eR\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eTable 5.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003eOverview of the educational methods that can be used within the Sub-Saharan African context, the appropriate age groups, their strengths and weaknesses.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" style=\"border-collapse:collapse;border:none;\" width=\"888\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width:77.75pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"11.69853768278965%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEducational method\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" style=\"width:106.3pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:none;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"15.973003374578179%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAppropriate age groups\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width:155.9pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:none;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"23.3970753655793%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStrengths\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width:184.3pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:none;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"27.67154105736783%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLimitations\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width:141.75pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:none;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"21.25984251968504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAdditional panel remarks\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:28.35pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"26.760563380281692%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e5-8 yrs\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:35.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"33.098591549295776%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;9-12 yrs\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:42.55pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"40.140845070422536%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e13-18 yrs\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:77.75pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top: none;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"11.69853768278965%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003eSong\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:28.35pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"4.274465691788526%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003ex\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:35.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"5.286839145106861%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003ex\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:42.55pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"6.411698537682789%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003ex\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:155.9pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"23.3970753655793%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e- Easy to motivate children\n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;- Enables memorization\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:184.3pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"27.67154105736783%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e- Passive way of receiving information\n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;- Possible lack of knowledge or understanding of the lyrics\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:141.75pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"21.25984251968504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:77.75pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top: none;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"11.69853768278965%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003eQuiz\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:28.35pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"4.274465691788526%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003ex\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:35.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"5.286839145106861%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ex\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:42.55pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"6.411698537682789%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003ex\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:155.9pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"23.3970753655793%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e- Interactive\n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;- Engages all children at the same time\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:184.3pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"27.67154105736783%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003eLanguage and comprehension may be a challenge, particularly for non-first language speakers\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:141.75pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"21.25984251968504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e- Should be adapted to the language spoken by and environment of the children\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e- Local contextually appropriate questions should be created\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:77.75pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top: none;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"11.69853768278965%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003eColouring\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:28.35pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"4.274465691788526%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003ex\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:35.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"5.286839145106861%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:42.55pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"6.411698537682789%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 155.9pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"23.3970753655793%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e- Enables practical rehearsal of the content\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e- Active learning\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 184.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"27.67154105736783%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003eChildren may not have the necessary hand motor skills.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 141.75pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"21.25984251968504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e8-12-year-olds could colour, whereas 9-12-year-olds can draw themselves\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:77.75pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top: none;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"11.69853768278965%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003ePoem\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:28.35pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"4.274465691788526%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ex\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:35.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"5.286839145106861%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003ex\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:42.55pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"6.411698537682789%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003ex\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 155.9pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"23.3970753655793%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003eAllows for repetition, which enables memorization\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 184.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"27.67154105736783%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e- Difficult wording might interfere with understanding\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e- Can only be used for key messages\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 141.75pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"21.25984251968504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e5-8-year-olds can recite a poem taught to them, whereas at a later age, children may be able to write their own poems\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:77.75pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top: none;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"11.69853768278965%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003ePuppetry\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:28.35pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"4.274465691788526%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003ex\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:35.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"5.286839145106861%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:42.55pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"6.411698537682789%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 155.9pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"23.3970753655793%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e- Very visual\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e- Can be engaging, particularly with younger age groups\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 184.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"27.67154105736783%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e- Difficult to pin content to it\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e- Trainers should be confident with it (time-consuming)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 141.75pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"21.25984251968504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:77.75pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top: none;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"11.69853768278965%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003eDrawing\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:28.35pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"4.274465691788526%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003ex\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:35.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"5.286839145106861%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:42.55pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"6.411698537682789%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 155.9pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"23.3970753655793%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 184.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"27.67154105736783%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e- Some children might not succeed in drawing\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e- Can be time-consuming\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 141.75pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"21.25984251968504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003eThe act of drawing should not interfere with learning\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:77.75pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top: none;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"11.69853768278965%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003eCase study\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:28.35pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"4.274465691788526%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003ex\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:35.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"5.286839145106861%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003ex\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:42.55pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"6.411698537682789%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003ex\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 155.9pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"23.3970753655793%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e- Can come from the learners themselves\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e- Easy to adapt according to age\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 184.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"27.67154105736783%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e- Not easy to find a case study that fits the content and the context\n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;- When analyzing a case study from a learner, must include and manage children’s emotional reactions to the case\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e- Trainers should be taught to run a case study\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 141.75pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"21.25984251968504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e5-8-year-olds: incorporate visual elements such as photos\n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;9-12-year-olds: work with a story\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:77.75pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top: none;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"11.69853768278965%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003eGroup work\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:28.35pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"4.274465691788526%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003ex\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:35.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"5.286839145106861%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003ex\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:42.55pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"6.411698537682789%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003ex\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 155.9pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"23.3970753655793%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e- Peer to peer narration and active involvement\n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;- Children can speak in their own language\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 184.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"27.67154105736783%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003eSome children are quiet when in groups and might not say anything\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 141.75pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"21.25984251968504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003eThe social aspect of group work can be initiated at 5-8 years, but group work can only really occur from 9 years of age onwards\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:77.75pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top: none;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"11.69853768278965%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003eStorytelling\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:28.35pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"4.274465691788526%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ex\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:35.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"5.286839145106861%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003ex\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:42.55pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"6.411698537682789%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003ex\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 155.9pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"23.3970753655793%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e- Engaging and entertaining\n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;- A story can be adapted to the content and age of the child\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 184.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"27.67154105736783%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003eIf the content is not adjusted to the age group, children may listen without understanding\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 141.75pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"21.25984251968504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:77.75pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top: none;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"11.69853768278965%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003eSelf-discovery\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:28.35pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"4.274465691788526%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003ex\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:35.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"5.286839145106861%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003ex\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:42.55pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"6.411698537682789%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003ex\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 155.9pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"23.3970753655793%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e- Experiential learning\n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;Example: let children observe their breathing, both in rest and after having run a couple of blocks; they feel their breathing accelerating\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e- May include take-home exercises\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 184.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"27.67154105736783%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003eNeed for clear guidelines before and after activity to ensure that the right lessons are learnt\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 141.75pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"21.25984251968504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:77.75pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top: none;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"11.69853768278965%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003eDrama and simulation\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:28.35pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"4.274465691788526%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003ex\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:35.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"5.286839145106861%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ex\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:42.55pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"6.411698537682789%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003ex\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 155.9pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"23.3970753655793%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003eEngaging and entertaining\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 184.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"27.67154105736783%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003eChallenges with group work and holding attention\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 141.75pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"21.25984251968504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:77.75pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top: none;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"11.69853768278965%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003eDemonstration\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:28.35pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"4.274465691788526%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003ex\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:35.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"5.286839145106861%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003ex\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:42.55pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"6.411698537682789%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003ex\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 155.9pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"23.3970753655793%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003eFocus on practical skills – key for First Aid training\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 184.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"27.67154105736783%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e- Depending on the size of the group, teachers may not be able to engage everyone\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e- Demonstration needs to be done properly, so teachers need training\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e- Skills may need to be broken down into components, to ensure that learners are able to understand and gain the practical skill\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 141.75pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"21.25984251968504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:77.75pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top: none;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"11.69853768278965%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003eQuotes\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:28.35pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"4.274465691788526%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:35.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"5.286839145106861%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003ex\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:42.55pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\" width=\"6.411698537682789%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003ex\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 155.9pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"23.3970753655793%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e- Can be used for big groups\n \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;- Children have to think independently whether or not they agree with the quote, and will have to take a position\n \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 184.3pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"27.67154105736783%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 141.75pt;border-top: none;border-left: none;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext;border-right: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0in 5.4pt;vertical-align: top;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"21.25984251968504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height:200%;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:13px;font-family:\u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;,sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003ex marks an appropriate age range, \u003cstrong\u003ex\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003emarks the most appropriate age range\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Additional File Legends","content":"\u003cp\u003eAdditional files 1-9 are available in the docx document \u0026ldquo;Educational pathway first aid_Additional files\u0026rdquo;, and consist of the following items:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdditional file 1. PRISMA checklist\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdditional file 2. Search strategies research question 1\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdditional file 3. Selection criteria research question 1\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdditional file 4. Search strategies research question 2\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdditional file 5. Selection criteria research question 2\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdditional file 6. Description of consensus methods used during expert panel meeting\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdditional file 7. Characteristics of included studies, synthesis of findings, risk of bias and certainty of evidence for research question 1\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdditional file 8. Characteristics of included studies, synthesis of findings, risk of bias and certainty of evidence for research question 2\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdditional file 9. Educational pathway on first aid for sub-Saharan Africa based on the best available evidence\u003c/p\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-public-health","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"pubh","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Public Health](http://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/pubh/default.aspx","title":"BMC Public Health","twitterHandle":"@BMC_series","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"first aid training, health education, schools, children, first aid knowledge, first aid skills, helping behavior, Evidence-Based Practice, Sub-Saharan Africa, low- and middle-income countries","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.2.20825/v2","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.2.20825/v2","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"Background\n\nFirst aid training is a cost-effective way to decrease the burden of disease and injury in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Since evidence from Western countries has shown that children are able to learn first aid, first aid training of children in LMIC may be a promising way forward. Hence, our project aim was to develop contextualized materials to train Sub-Saharan African children in first aid, based on the best available evidence.\n\nMethods\n\nSystematic literature searches were conducted to identify studies on first aid education to children up to 18 years old (research question one), and studies investigating different teaching approaches (broader than first aid) in LMIC (research question two). A multidisciplinary expert panel translated the evidence to the context of Sub-Saharan Africa, and evidence and expert input were used to develop teaching materials.\n\nResults\n\nFor question one, we identified 58 studies, measuring the effect of training children in resuscitation, first aid for skin wounds, poisoning etc. For question two, two systematic reviews were included from which we selected 36 studies, revealing the effectiveness of several pedagogical methods, such as problem-solving instruction and small-group instruction. However, the certainty of the evidence was low to very low. Hence expert input was necessary to formulate training objectives and age ranges based on “good practice” whenever the quantity or quality of the evidence was limited. The experts also placed the available evidence against the African context.\n\nConclusions\n\nThe above approach resulted in an educational pathway (i.e. a scheme with educational goals concerning first aid for different age groups), a list of recommended educational approaches, and first aid teaching materials for children, based on the best available evidence and adapted to the African context.","manuscriptTitle":"An educational pathway and teaching materials for first aid training of children in Sub-Saharan Africa based on the best available evidence","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":2,"date":"2020-03-09 16:26:35","doi":"10.21203/rs.2.20825/v2","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2020-04-23T12:00:00+00:00","index":2,"fulltext":"Recommendation: Accept after discretionary revisions\nForm responses:\n---\n\nComments to Author:\n---\nPEER REVIEWER ASSESSMENTS:\n\nOBJECTIVE - Full research articles: is there a clear objective that addresses one or several testable research questions? (Brief or other article types: is there a clear objective?)\nYes - there is a clear objective\n\nDESIGN - Is the current approach (including controls and analysis protocols) appropriate for the objective?\nYes - the approach is appropriate\n\nEXECUTION - Are the experiments and analyses performed with sufficient technical rigor to allow confidence in the results?\nYes - experiments and analyses were performed appropriately\n\nSTATISTICS - Is the use of statistics in the manuscript appropriate?\nYes - appropriate statistical analyses have been used in the study\n\nINTERPRETATION - Is the current interpretation/discussion of the results reasonable and not overstated?\nYes - the author's interpretation is reasonable\n\nOVERALL MANUSCRIPT POTENTIAL - Has the author addressed your concerns sufficiently for you to now recommend the work as a technically sound contribution? If not, can further revisions be made to make the work technically sound?\nYes - current version is technically sound\n\nPEER REVIEWER COMMENTS:\n\nGENERAL COMMENTS: I feel that the authors have made the appropriate changes to the manuscript as outlined by the previous reviewers. I also feel that the comments from those reviewers very much improved the paper and that this current version is appropriate for acceptance.\n\nI feel this manuscript has many strengths including the following:\n* Clear presentation of gap in literature/knowledge and appropriate objectives framed with in an existing conceptual model/theory\n* Systematic approach to addressing the research question and presentation of results\n* In this revised manuscript, the tone re the level of evidence is appropriate as well as the interpretation adequately described in the manuscript\n\n\n\nREQUESTED REVISIONS:\nMy only criticism of the manuscript is the format of the tables. I feel that all of the information is important and needed; I however found it very difficult to read and suspect that the journal readership will feel similarly. I would encourage the authors to work on improving the format of the tables so that they can get the tables to fit nicely on one page so that the reader can more easily interpret the data.\nADDITIONAL REQUESTS/SUGGESTIONS:\nNone.* Are the methods appropriate and well described?: **Yes**\n* Does the work include the necessary controls?: **Yes**\n* Are the conclusions drawn adequately supported by the data shown?: **Yes**\n* Are you able to assess any statistics in the manuscript or would you recommend an additional statistical review?: **I am able to assess the statistics**\n* Quality of written English: **Acceptable**\n* Declaration of competing interests: **This reviewer has been recruited by a partner organization, Research Square. Reviewers with declared or apparent competing interests are not utilized for these reviews. This reviewer has agreed to publication of their comments online under a Creative Commons Attribution License attributed to Research Square and was paid a small honorarium for completing the review within a specified timeframe. Honoraria for reviews such as this are paid regardless of the reviewer recommendation.**\n* I agree to the open peer review policy of the journal. I understand that my name will be included on my report to the authors and, if the manuscript is accepted for publication, my named report including any attachments I upload will be posted on the website along with the authors' responses. I agree for my report to be made available under an Open Access Creative Commons CC-BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). I understand that any comments which I do not wish to be included in my named report can be included as confidential comments to the editors, which will not be published.: ** I agree to the open peer review policy of the journal**\n"},{"type":"decision","content":"Minor revision","date":"2020-04-23T12:00:00+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"","date":"2020-04-14T12:00:00+00:00","index":2,"fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2020-03-15T12:00:00+00:00","index":1,"fulltext":"Recommendation: Accept without revision\nForm responses:\n---\n\nComments to Author:\n---\nDear Emmy De Buck, dear co-authors,\n\nthank you for the opportunity to re-review your paper on first aid courses for children in Sub-Saharan Africa.\nI agree with your response pointing out that Sackett's definition of EMB practice is not restricted to high LOEs. However, I'd strongly argue this definition relates to the PRACTICE of medicine and not to the evaluation of the quality of scientific evidence. Nevertheless, I still think you adequately adapted the passages dealing with the \"evidence base\" of your work.\n\nTherefore, I feel the manuscript is ready for publication now, especially after having addressed the additional points reviewer #3 brought up.\n\nCongratulations to having managed this important project.\nBest, Jan Breckwoldt\n\nPS.: in future work, I'd consider to involve more authors from SSA (i.e. the region the project applies to)* Are the methods appropriate and well described?: **Yes**\n* Does the work include the necessary controls?: **Unable to assess**\n* Are the conclusions drawn adequately supported by the data shown?: **Yes**\n* Are you able to assess any statistics in the manuscript or would you recommend an additional statistical review?: **Not relevant to this manuscript**\n* Quality of written English: **Acceptable**\n* Declaration of competing interests: **I declare that I have no competing interests.**\n* I agree to the open peer review policy of the journal. I understand that my name will be included on my report to the authors and, if the manuscript is accepted for publication, my named report including any attachments I upload will be posted on the website along with the authors' responses. I agree for my report to be made available under an Open Access Creative Commons CC-BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). I understand that any comments which I do not wish to be included in my named report can be included as confidential comments to the editors, which will not be published.: ** I agree to the open peer review policy of the journal**\n"},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"","date":"2020-03-04T12:00:00+00:00","index":1,"fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2020-03-03T12:00:00+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2020-03-03T12:00:00+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2020-03-02T12:00:00+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvited","content":"","date":"2020-03-02T12:00:00+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-public-health","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"pubh","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Public Health](http://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/pubh/default.aspx","title":"BMC Public Health","twitterHandle":"@BMC_series","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}},{"code":1,"date":"2020-01-14 19:59:22","doi":"10.21203/rs.2.20825/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Major revision","date":"2020-02-10T12:00:00+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2020-02-05T12:00:00+00:00","index":2,"fulltext":"Recommendation: Accept after minor essential revisions\nForm responses:\n---\n* Are the methods appropriate and well described?: **Yes**\n* Does the work include the necessary controls?: **Unable to assess**\n* Are the conclusions drawn adequately supported by the data shown?: **No**\n* Are you able to assess any statistics in the manuscript or would you recommend an additional statistical review?: **Not relevant to this manuscript**\n* Quality of written English: **Needs some language corrections before being published**\n* Declaration of competing interests: **I declare that I have no competing interests**\n\nComments to Author:\n---\nDear Authors,\n\nI find the manuscript relevant and for the most part convincing for publication in BMC. Compliments to the authors for thorough and comprehensive work in developing the study and presenting results.\nSeveral issues concerning substance and presentation of method have arisen. I find the essential revisions minor, since I only suggest rephrasing, adding explanation and modification of conclussions.\n\nTwo essential issues:\n- Overall I do not find the evidence presented convincing enough to form the basis of \"evidence-based\" materials. The linkage from review with weak levels of evidence to synthesises of FA materials is not supported in my view. I strongly suggest that the depiction of the presented materials as evidence-based is changed. I my opinion that does not lessen the value of the materials per se. However, I do not find it reasonable to conclude that the FA materials is evidence based, from the current process.\n\n- If there was only a \"single\" reviewer (= one person conducting the selection and evaluation of evidence), then this should be stated explicitly and be noted as a weakness of the study (and discussion of wether the PRISMA statement item 10 was acceptable).\n\nBrief summary of the study:\nThis manuscript describes a three-step process creating materials on First aid for several selected topics, specifically targeted at the Sub-Saharan African context.\nStep 1. Involves systematic literature reviews and condensing of evidence.\nStep 2. Consensus process on topics and conclusions (I suppose) from local stakeholders.\nStep 3. The pragmatic creation of materials based on current and previous reviews (pragmatic, evidence guided/best practice design).\n\nComments by points (22):\nI find that several minor revisions outlined below would strengthen the manuscript for publication in BMC.\n\nBackground:\n1. Page 3., line 15-16: One minor detail in the background it state: \"Since emerging evidence from Western countries has shown that children and adolescents from 5 to 18 years old are able to learn certain first aid techniques and are willing to provide help [12-17]\".\nI do not find that reference 14: \"Nurmatov UB, Mullen S, Quinn-Scoggins H, Mann M, Kemp A. The effectiveness and cost- effectiveness of first aid interventions for burns given to caregivers of children: A systematic review. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries. 2018;44(3):512-23.\"\nSupport children's ableness or willingness to act - as the paper is, only, covering caregivers to children. Hence, I suggest this reference is deleted.\n\n2. Page 3. Line 11-14: The central line justifying this study - that is: explaining the knowledge gap. It is unclear if this study is solely based on \"expert opinion\" from the referred article [2]. It is unclear whether other organizations than Red Cross National Societies is the target group of this investigation. As this is central and a potentially bias a note on this should be included. Further, I find that the arguments for why there is a need for a specific set of materials targeting sub-Saharan Africa elaborated just slightly.\nWhy is there a need?\nDoes it somehow differ from other low income societies (i.e. Asia or South America)?\nCan this work be translate/used in other settings/populations?\n\n3. Page 3., line 19-23: The manuscript would be strengthened by a reference to concept of \"Education Pathways\". The arguments regarding educational pathways is central (and convincing).\n4. Page 4., line 8-9. The last line in the background is presenting a summarised result. I suggest this sentence is either rephrased to state it as a partial aim og moved to another section.\n\nMethod:\n5. Page 5., line 4., One obvious question when regarding the prominent group of authors is - why are the current study not uploaded on PROSPERO?\n6. Page 5., line 4., The PRISMA have not been followed in several points stated below mainly point 8, and 7.\n\n7. Page 5. Line 21., ..\"'disaster principles', for which decisions were based on consensus only\".. A bit of explanation as to why the method was discarded on this issue is advised. I do not find this essential as there is some common sense to the decision. However, the reader is confused by this.\n8. Page 6. Line 11-12 and line 15. It says that there is only a \"single reviewer\". With list of authors in mind there might be the possibility that I have missed something. If indeed only one person reviewed all FA subjects and the educational pathway review this should be mentioned as a breach of the PRISMA and GRADE process. I strongly advise that this explained in more detail and as a weakness of the study.\n9. Page 7. Line 3-12. The manuscript would benefit from a referencing the used definitions for knowledge, skills and attitude as well as the later categorization of increasing complexity. The derivation of the used definitions is not clear to the reader, and plays a central role for the end result.\n10. Page 7. Line 22-24. I do not find that the consensus process is clearly described. As it is obviously a highly influential part on the final materials created - I find it essential to describe this part in more detail.\nIn the additional file 6. it states that consensus was eventually done by raising of the hand. So what was done to limit the obvious dangers of biases (ie. bandwagon and social desirability bias) in such situation?\nWhat was the questions?\n11. Page 7. Line 25 to page 8 line 4. I struggle with why this is a scientific exercise. Which scientific protocol or other relevant system was used to create the materials.\n12. Page 8. line 4. I would delete the word \"validated\" - as there is no description of a validation process i.e. Kanes or Messick.\n\nResults\n13. Page 9. Line 1-6. The manuscript mention 58 studies and refer to additional files 7. However, in additional files 7. There is 63 studies. This is unclear.\n14. Page 9. Line 4-5. I suggest the sentence is deleted.\n15. In general I miss a description of the final consistency of the expert panel.\nHow many members?\nDid they \"just\" agree on every issue/was there issues with major disagreement etc.?\n16. Page 13. Line 4-7. I struggle to see the scientific process in this. I do not find that the materials can be labelled evidence-based, based on the previous. I suggest outing the word \"evidence-based\" or potentially not include the part concerning creating materials. The materials might very well be meaningful and indeed best practice (and I am increasingly convinced they are).\n\nDiscussion\n17. Page 14. Line 7-9. I am not sure that this qualifies as a strength, that the materials have been published prior to academic publication. Perhaps the availability of the materials (being free of charge) provides the overall project with a strength in implication etc.\n18. Page 14. Line 10, and last line in conclusion. How was this piloted? What was the result of the pilot tests?\n\nConclusion\n19. First sentence is long and hard to follow. Further the same comments apply as mentioned in above.\n\nAdditional files\n20. Page: 2-4: In the PRISMA checklist answers mention \"Supplementary materials\". Should be labeled Additional Files.\n21. Page 3: Point 11-13: Is in additional files and not page 6.\n22. Page 2-5: Only the word \"child\" and not the US English \"kid\" is included. If this is a deliberate decision it should be stated. If this is not a deliberate choice the search appears sufficient to discard my comment here.\n"},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2020-02-04T12:00:00+00:00","index":3,"fulltext":"Recommendation: Major revisions required\nForm responses:\n---\n* Are the methods appropriate and well described?: **Yes**\n* Does the work include the necessary controls?: **Yes**\n* Are the conclusions drawn adequately supported by the data shown?: **Yes**\n* Are you able to assess any statistics in the manuscript or would you recommend an additional statistical review?: **Not relevant to this manuscript**\n* Quality of written English: **Acceptable**\n* Declaration of competing interests: **I declare that I have no competing interests**\n\nComments to Author:\n---\nManuscript PUBH-D-19-03462: Evidence-based educational pathway and teaching materials for first aid training of children in Sub-Saharan Africa\n\nDear Emmy De Buck, dear co-authors,\nthank you for giving the opportunity to review this manuscript to BMC Public Health. You describe a well founded approach to justify 'educational pathways' for first aid training in LMIC's. You also provide useful educational advice for FA teaching and training in LMICs. I think the topic is highly important especially in the face of the magnitude of the potential to save lives, or to improve patient outcome.\n\nIn general, I feel that the manuscript should not be changed much. My only concern is that you use the term 'evidence base' at multiple occasions (e.g. in the Title, Keywords, Abstract, or Discussion sections) although the quality of evidence you present is low to very low. In addition (as you correctly state in the Discussion section), much of the low-quality evidence has been generated in non-LMIC contexts - which would again force you to downgrade the LOE for indirectness when translating the findings to LMICs. Also, the findings from teaching of language skills or mathematics in LMICs are unlikely to be directly transferred to First Aid (a topic apparently related to every-day life). Therefore, I strongly recommend adapting the pertinent text passages in a way which has been used in the field of Medical Education as 'Best Evidence in Medical Education (BEME)' (see numerous BEME reviews [Hejri SM, Jalili M. Med Teach. 2019 Aug 23:1]). An example for an adapted title would be: 'An educational pathway and teaching materials for first aid training of children in Sub-Saharan Africa based on the best evidence available.' in the beginning of the Discussion section: Our educational pathway, based on the best evidence available, … ; Abstract (conclusion): leave out the term 'evidence-based' in the second but last line.\nFor the Results section (also within the abstract) and the Discussion section I recommend to state at a prominent text position that the evidence found is currently 'too low to make recommendations beyond the level of expert opinion'. I feel this point is important to better frame your project and to point out the necessity of further studies.\n\nAs a minor comment related to a sentence in the Discussion section (p14, lines 7-9): 'One of the key strengths of this project is that the educational pathway, together with the list of effective educational methods, was immediately used to develop teaching materials for first aid training to African children.' I don't think that you may call this a key strength (if the evidence base is weak, it could as well be called a weakness). In my eyes it's rather a success of the project :-).\n\nHope, the comments made above are acceptable and help.\nKind regards,\nJan Breckwoldt\n"},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"","date":"2020-01-16T12:00:00+00:00","index":3,"fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"","date":"2020-01-14T12:00:00+00:00","index":2,"fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2019-11-24T12:00:00+00:00","index":1,"fulltext":"Recommendation: Accept without revision\nForm responses:\n---\n* Are the methods appropriate and well described?: **Yes**\n* Does the work include the necessary controls?: **Yes**\n* Are the conclusions drawn adequately supported by the data shown?: **Yes**\n* Are you able to assess any statistics in the manuscript or would you recommend an additional statistical review?: **I am able to assess the statistics**\n* Quality of written English: **Acceptable**\n* Declaration of competing interests: **I declare that I have no competing interests.**\n\nComments to Author:\n---\nDear Editorial Board and Dear Authors,\n\nPlease find my review below in accordance the current manuscript entitled 'Evidence-based educational pathway and teaching materials for first aid training of children in Sub-Saharan Africa'.\n\nThe main aim of the current manuscript was to suggest and prepare an evidence-based educational pathway for first aid training for children in Sub-Saharan Africa. Based on the literature it is well known that children are able to learn the basics of first aid. The initiation of first aid training in childhood is a promising way to increase bystanders numbers and to improve the outcomes after an injury or illness. Only limited number of articles are available from Africa. The authors have a previous publication in the same topic (De Buck et al., 2015, Resuscitation) which summarized the prior knowledge for the general population and recommended first aid educational pathway for children. The need for this currently published manuscript was to adapt the known information to the Sub-Saharan Africa region. There are different opportunities and resources in different parts of the world so adaptation to the local needs is essential.\n\nThe methodology of this manuscript is well and clear defined. The appropriate protocols were used (e.g. PRISMA). The collected topics included first aid situations widely, but in my view 'unconsciousness/fainting' is a missing point. Collecting and evaluating educational approaches are very important so it is a strenght of this study.\n\nResults are well described and Tables clearly summarized the information and findings.\n\nDiscussion and conclusion sections are well prepared. Due to the limited number of previous studies from Africa there are some unknown areas of first aid training so it is an open question whether this current recommendations could work effectively. To answer this question further studies and the introduction and evaluation of these recommendations will be necessary. Otherwise, authors mentioned that these methods were piloted in Zimbabwe. It would be useful to present (or cite) the results (if any) of this pilot study.\n\nDespite this concerns, based on the above written review I suggest this manuscript for publication."},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"","date":"2019-11-17T12:00:00+00:00","index":1,"fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2019-09-23T12:00:00+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2019-08-15T12:00:00+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2019-08-14T12:00:00+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvited","content":"","date":"2019-08-14T12:00:00+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"","date":"2019-08-12T12:00:00+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-public-health","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"pubh","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Public Health](http://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/pubh/default.aspx","title":"BMC Public Health","twitterHandle":"@BMC_series","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"fc24b3cf-5c86-4d61-b014-66782cd3b540","owner":[],"postedDate":"March 9th, 2020","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[{"id":49664,"name":"Educational Philosophy and Theory"},{"id":49665,"name":"Critical Care \u0026 Emergency Medicine"},{"id":49666,"name":"Pediatrics"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2021-09-27T18:28:37+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-11425","link":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-08857-5","journal":{"identity":"bmc-public-health","isVorOnly":false,"title":"BMC Public Health"},"publishedOn":"2020-06-03 18:22:12","publishedOnDateReadable":"June 3rd, 2020"},"versionCreatedAt":"2020-03-09 16:26:35","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1186/s12889-020-08857-5","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-08857-5","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v2","identity":"rs-11425","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"identity":"rs-11425","version":["v2"]},"buildId":"7rjqhiLT3MXkJMwkYKINL","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}