The immune map of human body

2024 · doi:10.1101/2024.03.03.583227
preprint OA: closed
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-07, 2026-07-14 ⓘ

This study comprehensively mapped over 1000 cell states for major immune cell types across 30 human tissues, revealing tissue-specific immunity and sex/age-related differences.

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⚙ AI-generated deep summary by claude@2026-07, 2026-07-14 · read from full text ⓘ

This study compiled single-cell deconvolution analyses of 17,382 RNA-seq samples spanning 30 human tissues to build an immune cell state map capturing distributions of over 1,000 cell states across major immune cell types. The resulting high-resolution immune landscape covers both sexes and a wide age range and was used to assess sex-related and age-related immune differences, including similarity analyses that highlight tissue-specific immunity in organs such as testis, liver, lung, brain, and kidney. A key caveat is that the map is derived from computational deconvolution of RNA-seq data rather than direct single-cell measurements across all tissues in the same experimental pipeline. The paper does not explicitly discuss endometriosis or adenomyosis; it was included in the corpus via a keyword match in the upstream search index.

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Abstract

The immune system serves as a vital defense mechanism against diseases and infections for human bodies, comprised of a complex network of diverse cells, organs, and tissues. Here, we conduct single-cell deconvolution of 17382 RNA-seq samples from 30 tissues and construct a comprehensive map of the distributions of >1000 different cell states across all the major immune cell types throughout human bodies. This high-resolution immune map covers both sexes and a wide range of ages, enabling interrogation of the immune responses to sex differences and age-related changes. Similarity analysis among the different tissue types depicts the tissue-specific immunity of testis, liver, lung, brain, and kidney besides blood and spleen, and the high immune similarity between breast and adipose tissues for example. This comprehensive immune map may deepen our understanding of human immune system from a holistic perspective.
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Abstract The immune system serves as a vital defense mechanism against diseases and infections for human bodies, comprised of a complex network of diverse cells, organs, and tissues. Here, we conduct single-cell deconvolution of 17382 RNA-seq samples from 30 tissues and construct a comprehensive map of the distributions of >1000 different cell states across all the major immune cell types throughout human bodies. This high-resolution immune map covers both sexes and a wide range of ages, enabling interrogation of the immune responses to sex differences and age-related changes. Similarity analysis among the different tissue types depicts the tissue-specific immunity of testis, liver, lung, brain, and kidney besides blood and spleen, and the high immune similarity between breast and adipose tissues for example. This comprehensive immune map may deepen our understanding of human immune system from a holistic perspective. Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest.

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