The Impact of Oil Refinery Exposure on Lung Cancer in Homs, Syria: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Abstract As the global burden of lung cancer continues to increase, we cannot ignore the impact of environmental factors on its incidence. This retrospective cohort study aimed to shed light on the impact of an oil refinery on lung cancer incidence in the city of Homs, Syria, and to highlight the need for further research in this area. The investigation contrasted the occurrence of lung cancer in Homs, where an oil refinery has been a reason for anxiety because of the release of toxic gases, and Hama, the nearby city with no such air pollution. The results showed a higher incidence of lung cancer in Homs, with a relative risk of 2.21, suggesting a potential association between exposure to refinery gases and lung cancer. Lung cancer rates were higher among males than females in both cities, according to the study. This study underscores the importance of environmental monitoring and public health measures to mitigate the impact of air pollution on human health.