Achieving Eco-Innovative Smart Glass Design with the Integration of Opinion Mining, QFD and TRIZ

Achieving Eco-Innovative Smart Glass Design with the Integration of Opinion Mining, QFD and TRIZ | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Achieving Eco-Innovative Smart Glass Design with the Integration of Opinion Mining, QFD and TRIZ CKM Lee, YP Tsang, WW Chong, YS Au This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1811139/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 29 Apr, 2024 Read the published version in Scientific Reports → Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract As technology advances, the release of new smart devices accelerates, and thus the disposal of electronic devices has increased exponentially, worsening the gravity of electronic waste all over the world. It is eager to consider eco-friendly product design in order to sustain global supply chains. When addressing customer requirements in new product design, sustainable design thinking should thus be incorporated to create not only innovative, but also sustainable products. The purpose of this research is to build a systematic approach to achieve sustainable new product development. To examine the system effectiveness, smart glasses which are rapidly developed in the era of the metaverse is considered in a case study. By utilizing opinion mining approaches, including wordcloud and TextRank algorithm, to decipher customer needs, quality function deployment (QFD) is used to investigate the existing state of smart glasses, as well as translate customers’ needs into technical requirements that serve as the basis for sustainable new product design. Subsequently, the theory of inventive problem solving (TRIZ) is applied to formulate the contradiction matrix between improvement and preservation areas in order to reach the eco-innovation in a systematic manner. Beyond the theoretical investigation, this study presents the application of the proposed system for the sustainable design of smart glasses, so as to support the next generation of smart glasses. smart glasses sustainable design eco-innovation text mining quality function deployment theory of inventive problem solving Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 1. Introduction With the rapid development of 5G, IoT, and technological innovation, the subsequent frequent replacement of electronic equipment results in shorter and shorter product life spans. The waste generated by scrapped electronic equipment has become one of the fastest-growing issues in the world. According to Unitar (2021), it is predicted to reach 74 million tonnes in 2030, a rise of 21% in five years, while the recycling rate is only 17.4%. The disposal of batteries and plugs are most common types of e-waste, and smartphones consume the majority of batteries and plugs. Further, as a result of the change in consumption patterns, e-waste has accumulated and grown. Statista (2021) discovered that global smartphone sales averaged 1.5 billion units per year from 2018 to 2021, implying that individuals upgrade their phones every few years. Consumers are paying more attention to innovative specifications and have greater expectations, which is the main reason for the high consumption and disposal of mobile phones. Furthermore, smartphones are difficult to disassemble and repair, resulting in a relatively high cost of sustainable development. According to a Canalys (2021) study, smartphone growth will slow down in the future. Even so, Gartner’s ( 2021 ) study reveals that wearable devices are becoming more and more popular in the market. Technology leaders are beginning to pay attention to the potential of augmented reality and are migrating to new market platforms. The amount of e-waste is estimated to increase dramatically in the future as new electronic devices enter the market. The major difficulty faced by manufacturers is extending the product life cycle in the mature product stage to avoid products being phased out of the market. Therefore, sustainable design is one of the important means to solve these problems as well as an innovation strategy, and has attracted more attention in commercial and academic circles in recent years. However, the current theoretical research on the sustainable design of electronic products has been relatively extensive and in-depth, and the majority of QFD method research uses questionnaires to explore consumer needs, which can only represent a certain group of customers. Research on systematic implementation of sustainable design is still insufficient at the current literature. In summary, three research questions (RQs) are formulated as follows: RQ1: How can customer concerns and requirements on smart glasses be identified in a systematic manner? RQ2: What is an effective systematic approach to interconnect smart glass design and customer requirements? RQ3: What is the next generation smart glass design based on latest customer requirements? Given these shortcomings, this study proposes a systematic approach for supporting sustainable new product development based on text mining, Quality Function Deployment (QFD), and the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ). First, the focus is on examining the customer reviews and comments on existing smart glasses on the market. Afterwards, using QFD, the customer's needs are transformed into product design requirements and specifications through matrix relations, qualitative and quantitative techniques (Ansari and Modarress, 1994 ). Lastly, the laws and principles of the TRIZ discovered by Altshuller ( 1984 ) to 200,000 patents are applied to resolve the contradictions in the eco-innovation process. The proposed systematic method can assist manufacturers and designers to solve and balance the difficulties of new product requirements and technical inconsistencies by identifying the gap between present and the expected products as well as providing recommendations for future planning on sustainable design and development. In order to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed system, a case study of smart glasses is conducted to generate the eco-innovation insights for the next-generation smart glass design, where not only are customer needs satisfied, but also the sustainable concerns can be addressed. Consequently, the supply chain sustainability of advanced technologies, especially for smart glasses, can be achieved through eco-innovation. The rest of this paper is organized as follows. Section 2 reviews the literature on (i) sustainable design thinking, (ii) state-of-the-art text mining approaches, and (iii) recent advances on new product design methods, to outline the motivation of this study. Section 3 presents the research methodology to identify customer requirements from online reviews, and to facilitate the customer-oriented product design. The implementation of the proposed system for smart glasses is described in Section 4 , while research findings and suggested features for future smart glasses are discussed in Section 5 . Finally, the conclusion of this study is drawn in Section 6 . 2. Literature Review A literature review was conducted to discuss the theoretical foundation of this research and is divided into 3 sections. The first section discusses the concept of sustainable design. The second section discusses the application background of text mining in new product development, analyzes the effectiveness of the tools in the product design process, and identifies the limitations. The third section discusses the techniques of Quality Function Deployment and the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving, as well as their usage in product development. This enables the use of a systematic strategy for identifying research gaps in new product development, as well as assists the product design team in analyzing various ways to improve product design. 2.1 Sustainable Design Thinking According to the European Commission (2018), more than 80% of the product is fixed in during the design and development stage. Designers typically pay attention to the appearance and function of the product, but they often ignore the design and production process. As a result, many consumer products currently on the market are manufactured and used in ways that lead to environmental problems. Tao and Yu ( 2018 ) emphasized the value creation of the entire product life cycle in sustainable product design. Therefore, every decision made by the product development team during design and production is critical to the realization of sustainable and circular products. The concept of sustainable design encompasses the entire product and service design process, realizing the symbiotic relationship between enterprises, consumers, and the ecological environment (Jaffe et al., 2020 ). Attempting to improve the socio-economic performance cycle of its entire life cycle, resource consumption and material output is reduced, thus achieving a cradle-to-cradle approach. However, traditional product design focuses on prioritizing customer needs, which increases raw material emissions and energy consumption and ultimately falls into the "grave". To address this fundamental flaw, Gagnon et al. ( 2012 ) improved the traditional design process by incorporating "sustainability tasks" into all design stages. Steenis et al. ( 2018 ) proved that redesigning with sustainability is effective in meeting consumer satisfaction and increasing the intention to purchase compared to traditional ways. To achieve a sustainable production and consumption system, it is necessary to consider the eco-design techniques of the product and to design systematically from a disassembly perspective throughout the product life cycle in order to drive and improve products during maintenance and extend product life by recycling. 2.2 State-of-the-Art Text Mining Approaches Due to advancements in technology, social media platforms and websites have grown in popularity. Individuals may now openly discuss their thoughts on products and services, as well as the recent updates (Cuizon et al., 2018). With so many texts and documents, it takes people a long time to read and summarize the essential information. Thus, text summarization may be accomplished through the use of machine learning models that have been trained on a large amount of labeled data (Khan et al., 2020 ). TextRank, which was proposed by Mihalcea and Tarau (2004), involves the exploration of massive collections of text and the conversion of unstructured text data to structured data. It is a frequently used approach since it does not require a prior understanding of linguistics or domains. It is an unsupervised method for text summarizing that automatically generates summaries based on extraction without the requirement of training data or manually prepared input of tagged corpora (Campos et al., 2020 ). In past research on extractive summarization, researchers studied the usage of sentence features, such as their positions in the text, word frequency, or significant keywords, indicating their relevance (Khor, 2021). Another advantage of the TextRank method is that it is language-agnostic as it is purely focused on word consistency and requires no knowledge of grammar. As a result, language-specific technologies are no longer required. Additionally, it may be constrained by the fact that the method in which sentences are split varies among different languages, for example, due to the varied alphanumeric characters or writing styles (Sakhadeo and Srivastava, 2018 ). In any case, it is a well-developed and exact system with multiple implementations, making it easily accessible to developers interested in utilizing its advantages (Balcerzak et al., 2014 ). As an extraction-based summarization method, the TextRank algorithm selects the most relevant terms from the input document and undergoes several processes: text preprocessing, extraction of words and phrases based on characteristics, then picking the sentences and combining them to generate a summary (Payak et al., 2020 ). 2.3 Advances on New Product Design Methods 2.3.1 Quality function deployment (QFD) Quality function deployment (QFD) is a critical industrial practice for directing information flow, and it is frequently used in conjunction with design development. The first focus in product development is identifying "what" the consumer expects from the product. As a potential approach to product development, Quality Function Deployment places a premium on gathering and analyzing Voice of the Consumer (VoC) data in order to ascertain genuine customer demands. Akao (1990) stated that the confirmation of the explicit and implicit needs of customers in the early creation of new products is required to meet genuine requirements and achieve customer satisfaction. The interaction of each functional part or service item contributes to ensuring the quality of the product or service ahead of time. For example, the first augmented reality smart glasses launched globally, Google Glass, failed due to a lack of coordination between design and application. Therefore, it is vital to consider addressing the demands of the audience and being acceptable when preliminary ideas are being designed. 2.3.2 Theory of inventive problem solving (TRIZ) Product development not only examines user needs but also product and technology compatibility. Innovation has the biggest impact on the entire new product development process. Innovation is not only a flash of inspiration and random exploration; it also exists within the general laws of the invention (Altshuller, 1984 ). People who master these laws can maximize initiative, innovate, and predict the outcomes of innovations. However, Altshuller (1999) realized that each innovation is essentially a problem of conflict. Integrating TRIZ and converting it into product performance characteristics allows us to swiftly uncover issues of ineffective product solutions that effectively guide and manage the new product development process. 3. Methodology The proposed methodology consists of three processes for examining customer feedback from online product reviews and evaluating the functions of recommended design attributes: text mining, QFD and TRIZ approaches. Before conducting text mining using text rank, the product reviews are web scraped. TextRank divides the text into sentences using a trained model and constructs a sparse matrix of the terms and their frequency of occurrence in each phrase. As a result, the “summary sentences” are utilized in conjunction with the QFD technique to express the consumer's voice. The QFD technique establishes the criteria for product specifications, “Whats” and “Hows”, based on the relationship's strength. The technical weights and targets help define the project's contradictions and subsequent phases in applying inventive principles to resolve the new product's technical contradictions using the TRIZ approach. The framework of the methodology is depicted in Fig. 1 . 3.1 Step 1: Text Mining The web scraped comments under product reviews with different ratings can be summarized using the TextRank sentence ranking algorithm to turn unstructured data into insights. To implement TextRank, a network needs to be constructed with the text, the vertices of which indicate the candidates to be rated. The purpose of sentence extraction is to score full sentences, and hence each sentence in the text is represented by a vertex in the graph. The co-occurrence relation employed for keyword extraction is inapplicable, since the text units are substantially larger than one or a few words, and “co-occurrence” is not a relevant connection and does not have a huge context. Instead, a similarity score is used to calculate the importance of the candidate sentences. 3.1.1 Data collection Web scraping is a technology that enables accessing and extracting massive amounts of data from any publicly available website (Landers et al., 2016 ). According to Vargiu and Urru ( 2013 ), the primary objective of web scraping is to identify data that may be beneficial for changing data into information, and it focuses on converting unstructured data into structured data. In this study, a web scraper was built to collect information about customer reviews from an online platform for further analysis by using the library Selenium, provided by Python. 3.1.2 Data pre-processing After the data collection, the data undergo preprocessing with formatting and cleaning processes for the next step. During the data preprocessing process, text cleaning, tokenization, part-of-speech tagging/stemming, lemmatization, and stop words removal are involved. Firstly, for the tokenization, since the required product reviews contain irrelevant or noisy input, such as symbols, special characters, illustrations, and issues with cases, several procedures were taken to ensure an accurate result, including the removal of special characters, URLs, and some identical and repeated comments. The stemming process, which converts the inflected words to their root form, is also involved. Secondly, part-of-speech (POS) tagging is the process of decomposing a phrase into its constituent forms, including a list of words or tuples that contain a constituent form. In this instance, the tag is a part-of-speech identifier that identifies whether the word is a noun, adjective, verb, or another type of word. Thirdly, lemmatization is the process of appropriately utilizing the vocabulary and morphological interpretation of words, intending to eliminate only inflectional ends and return to the base or dictionary form of a word, referred to as the lemma. For example, turning “listening”, “listened” and “listen” into the basic form of “listen”. Lastly, stop words are the most commonly used words in any language (such as articles, prepositions, pronouns, and conjunctions) that provide little information to the text and must be filtered out before natural language processing. For instance, the words "the", "a", and "an". Table 1 shows an example of data preprocessing of an extracted comment. The term “worst” has been lemmatized back to its base form of “bad”. The frequently found word “the” was eliminated during the removal of stop words. A collection of specified stop words was also defined in this case. For example, one of the all-too-common words would be “glasses”. Table 1 Example of data preprocessing of an extracted comment “Probably the worst gadget ever” Tokenization ['Probably', 'the', 'worst', 'gadget', 'ever'] POS tagging [('Probably', 'RB'), ('the', 'DT'), ('worst', 'JJS'), ('gadget', 'NN'), ('ever', 'RB')] Lemmatization ['probably', 'the', 'bad', 'gadget', 'ever'] Stop words removal ['probably', 'bad', 'gadget', 'ever'] 3.1.3 Wordcloud and TextRank Algorithm Word clouds are a quicker way to evaluate text retrieved from extracted comments than coding since they decompose the text into component words and calculate their frequency of recurrence within the body of text (Jin, 2017 ). Counting the frequency of keywords within the product review, the word cloud provides an overview of the function items and features being discussed.TextRank is a graph model ranking technique based on the PageRank algorithm developed by Google and commonly employed in the keyword extraction. The core principle of TextRank algorithm is reference to a voting mechanism. The target text is separated into multiple phrases to identify their local linkage (i.e. co-occurrence pane) and the relationship between the candidate words using a word graph. The voting mechanism enables keyword extraction by ranking candidate keywords. There are five steps in the TextRank algorithm. Firstly, the target text T is segmented based on the sentence completion, annotated as S 1 , S 2 ,… S m . Secondly, the segment word of each sentence, that is, S i ∈ T , and the tag part-of-speech subsequently underwent the filtering process. It aims to eliminate the aforementioned stop words as well as words that do not belong to the particular part-of-speech. S i = [ t i,1 , t i,2 , … , t i,n ], where t i,j is the candidate keyword that annotates the word segmentation and filtering process. Thirdly, the candidate word graph will be constructed, annotated as G = ( V , E ). The value V refers to the vertex set formed of the candidate words from the previous step, while E refers to the subset of V × V ’s edge set. The algorithm constructs the edges between network nodes using the co-occurrence window. In other words, there is a connection between two nodes once the candidate words associated to the two nodes exist in a window of length K , which refers to the window size and indicates the greatest word count that could co-occur. Fourthly, the weight of each node is calculated iteratively based on the Eq. (1) until the computation result converges (Zhou et al., 2021). \(WS\left({v}_{i}\right)=\left(1-d\right)+d{\sum }_{{v}_{j}\in In\left({v}_{i}\right)}\frac{{w}_{ji}}{\sum _{{v}_{k}\in \text{Out}\left({v}_{i}\right)}{w}_{jk}}WS\left({v}_{i}\right)\) (1) In Eq. (1), In( v i ) denotes the set of nodes that connect to node v i , whereas d ∈ [0,1] is the damping factor, which was formerly known as the PageRank algorithm’s random walk probability. The initial intention of this configuration was to prevent pages without third party websites from preventing visitors from scrolling down. There are also undirected nodes in the text graph model; the usual value is 0.85. If a candidate word graph node's failure rate is less than a set limit value, the node is regarded to have attained convergence; this limit value is often set at 0.0001. From the traditional TextRank algorithm, as shown in Eq. (2), p( v j ⟶ v i ) denotes the probability of jumping from node v j to node v i . Out ( v j ) denotes the set of nodes referred to by v j and w ji denotes the edge weight from node w j to node w i , which is calculated by the co-occurrence of two words in the conventional algorithm. \(p\left({v}_{j}\to {v}_{i}\right)=\left\{\begin{array}{c}\begin{array}{cc}\frac{{w}_{ji}}{\sum _{{v}_{k}\in \text{Out}\left({v}_{j}\right)}{w}_{jk}}& if \exists ({v}_{j}\to {v}_{i})\in E \end{array}\\ \begin{array}{cc}0,& \text{Otherwise}\end{array}\end{array}\right.\) (2) Finally, the node weights are sorted in reverse order, and the first K -word in the target text is utilized as the keyword. 3.2 Step 2: Quality Function Deployment The QFD process is defined by a variety of words, including House of Quality (HOQ), WHATs, and HOWs, each of which has a distinct function in the relationship and correlation matrices. The HOQ set out the processes that must be followed when adopting QFD. WHATs are the primary inputs to HOQ to sort through a list of essential customer requirements. They may be described in imprecise language. The second input for HOQ is HOWs, which are the procedures that are used to execute these WHATs. They are the characteristics of a technical design that enable it to address the WHATs. In the phrase of requirements planning, the product information with the customer’s voice is obtained by the text mining process. The relationship matrix illustrates the relationship between product attributes and customer requirements. After defining the technical specifications (“Whats”) and the manufacturing process steps required (“Hows”), the strength of their relationship has to be defined with technical weights based on expert opinions as well. The default symbols and values are rated on a scale of 1, 3, 9, where 9 corresponds to a high relationship, 3 to a medium, 1 to a low, and dash to no relationship. Furthermore, technical targets with the product attribute that have been identified are set, including the description of targets, units, and the first design idea. 3.3 Step 3: Theory of Inventive Problem Solving In order to generate valuable insights from TRIZ, there are several systemic steps involved. After implementing QFD, the customer and technical requirements are identified. The technical contradiction matrix is used to identify which design characteristics have improved and which have deteriorated. It aids in the selection of the most inventive principle suitable for resolving the contradiction. The contradiction matrix may be utilized to determine solutions to technical contradictions by first detecting the technical conflict and then translating it to a combination of the 39 design parameters. The matrix is utilized to select the most innovative principles as well as the improving and degraded design features. Finally, the inventive principle is applied to the fundamental incoherence of technology. Concerning the approaches for resolving technical contradictions, it is necessary to identify which aspects of the conflict should be highlighted and which should be minimized. Then, the design characteristics that are most closely associated with the conflicting improving and degraded features must be established. The improving and degraded features are set by the fulfillment of customer requirements and technical contradictions. Thereby, coming up with the most feasible solution into product development practices based on the principles. 4. Case Analysis Of Smart Glasses With the advent of the 5G era, people are gradually stepping into immersive technologies and the metaverse. However, the virtual world lacks the effect of light sources and real-world interactions. Therefore, the development of augmented reality (AR) was derived from virtual reality (VR). AR smart glasses require a higher quality content than VR glasses. The technology is not mature enough, leading to issues such as too small a field of view and low yield. The majority of the AR market is now focused on the enterprise market, and the glasses experience did not result in a large-scale consumer ecology. The main reason AR smart glasses are not widely used in the market at this time is that customers are dissatisfied with the design of smart glasses, rendering them unsuitable for continuous use. For example, the AR smart glasses that have been officially released on the market, such as Microsoft's Hololens and Lenovo's ThinkReality, are different from ordinary glasses in daily use. The design of the clunky glasses falls short of the thin and sleek look that consumers expect. Meanwhile, there is a lack of strategic design and development of systematic sustainable solutions in the product market. Creating novel and innovative smart glasses for consumers has huge market potential. Using an electronic company as an example, it attempts to emulate several large technology companies that have raced to build a pair of trendy smart glasses that are widely accepted by customers. With the growth in volume and diversity of data, the company may face challenges in data management and identifying the data's relevance for consumers. It is impractical and time-consuming for staff to manually summarize a large volume of data. The work of summarizing documents requires the use of a preexisting knowledge base. In this case, product reviews summarizing are advantageous for consolidating user thoughts on a product by producing a concise summary from a collection of product reviews. As stated above, the development of AR smart glasses still has room for improvement in the product design stage. Therefore, a case example of smart glasses design was conducted to investigate the relationship between consumer needs and product design in the context of smart glasses use, which aided in the identification of the breakthrough points for sustainable design. 4.1 Data collection and data preprocessing To compile the data, Amazon product reviews on augmented reality smart glasses, which were posted between the years 2020 and 2021, were retrieved and saved in CSV format. There were 1997 reviews for sixty different models of augmented reality smart glasses. Figure 2 shows an example of a product review for smart glasses. Keyword extraction applies to extracting the title column of the product review. When customers provide feedback, they may first describe it in the title column, which is more concise and suitable for keyword extraction. The body column of the comment is extracted for ten of them, the most frequently appearing or noteworthy comments on each 1–5 star rating. Figure 3 shows the results of the web scrapping. Based on the appearance of conventional glasses as a search criterion, the selected product reviews are about augmented reality smart glasses. These smart glasses are wireless smart glasses integrated with augmented reality optical components, sunglasses, and headsets. They are easier for people to use because they are less bulky and can be worn outdoors, like Epson, MAD Gaze, and other devices. The selected product reviews of smart glasses brands are listed in Appendix A. After applying stop-word removal in the Natural Language Toolkit (NLTK), a total of 245,715 tokens are obtained from the 1997 product reviews. 4.2 Deployment of Wordcloud and TextRank algorithm As the length of a review comment is relatively short, during the text mining algorithm process, short strings of comments are concatenated. The comments are classified into ten categories based on the five ratings. The reason for splitting them according to 1–5 star rating is that each review comment does not comprise a complete and meaningful paragraph for summarization. The extracted comments would be grouped without particular order. To effectively rank the relationship between each sentence, the body of review comments should be ranked by rating and concatenate to a string or text then split to obtain a sentence ranking. As a result, the output contains a total of 50 comments, five of which are the most frequently appearing or noteworthy comments on each 1–5-star rating. The results are translated into the voice of customers and interconnect the smart glass conceptual design by applying the QFD process. It is shown that the phrases are relevant to the word cloud, as shown in Fig. 4 , generated to visually present the most commonly used phrases in AR glasses product reviews. Appendix B illustrates the findings of five rating levels of comments on smart glasses. Users that gave smart glasses a rating of 1 mostly commented on their appearance and battery issues, as well as the fact that certain smart glasses are of poor quality and are not worth the expensive price. Users that gave smart glasses a rating of 2 mostly complained about the audio quality, claiming that the sound quality of the music is inferior to that of other excellent music devices. They may choose to use headphones to listen to music. Users that gave smart glasses a rating of 3 also commented on the sound quality. They find the sound quality of smart glasses to be adequate, and others find them to be a less expensive alternative to luxury products; nonetheless, some still believe they are not worthwhile. They have also discussed the smart glasses' aesthetically appealing design, materials, and accessories. Users that gave smart glasses a rating of 4 mostly commented on the decent lens quality, comfort, and sound quality. In addition, they remarked on the lightness and versatility of the glasses, ranging from casual and semi-athletic to elegant and formal. Users that gave smart glasses a rating of 5 mostly commented on the audio quality and the good sun protection provided by the polarized lenses, and one of the noted glasses has superior sound quality and does not have irritating bass vibration like other music glasses. 4.3 Deployment of the QFD According to the data collected from the Amazon online comment platform through text mining, the entire ranking can be used to assist QFD in understanding the voice of the customers and effectively formulating the attributes of customer needs and technique requirements. The description and importance rate of customer needs and technical requirements are formulated, as shown in Tables 2 and 3 . Based on the results of potential customers who give priority to the importance of smart glasses requirements, customers believe that the top three attributes are long battery life, good display resolution, and a wide field of view, which confirm the explicit and implicit needs of customers. The rating of experts was that optical components are the most important technical requirement when developing and designing smart glasses, followed by display resolution and battery capacity. Therefore, the optical component has a strong relationship with customer needs and has high overall weighting. Table 2 The attributes of customer needs Customer needs Description Importance rate (C1) Affordable price A reasonable amount that most people can afford 1.04 (C2) Ease of use Users can easily understand and operate the product 2.05 (C3) Wide Field of View The extent of the observable world through the viewing angle 3.85 (C4) Good display resolution Pixels with a higher resolution provide clarity of visual information 3.98 (C5) Wear comfortably Thinner and lighter glasses allow people to wear them in a daily routine 2.12 (C6) Long battery life Power performance can be supported for a certain length of time 4.00 (C7) Lightweight Less than average compared to most other things of the same type 2.61 (C8) Good sound quality The audio output (synthesize the accuracy and fidelity) from an electronic device can provide a pleasant experience to users 1.80 (C9) Decent appearance A well-proportioned look for attractiveness and styling while being socially acceptable 1.98 Table 3 The attributes of technique requirements Technical requirement Description Importance rate (T1) Appearance design It forms a visual impression on a viewer, taking into account the shape, color, and material of the smart glasses 1.92 (T2) Volume It expresses the occupied space of smart glasses, including frames that are open and frames that fold 1.23 (T3) Weight It expresses the heaviness of smart glasses that are constructed from different materials 3.02 (T4) Battery capacity It is considered to be the maximum amount of charge that can be stored and support the smart glasses. 3.18 (T5) Display resolution It is considered to be the number of horizontal and vertical pixels on a display screen that affects the visibility of fine and delicate information. 3.96 (T6) Total harmonic distortion It is expressed as the ratio of the sum of all harmonic component powers to the fundamental frequency signal power 1.00 (T7) Processor It is considered to be the logic circuitry and the basic instructions that respond to driving smart glasses 2.53 (T8) Optical component It is the construction of optical modules, such as waveguides and birdbaths, that transmit and reflect information to users' visuals 5.00 (T9) Operating procedure It is considered to be the compiled instructions or methods such as the touchpad, hand gesture, and 3D space control to support user control and carry out routine operations 1.24 (T10) Connectivity It is considered to be the ability of systems, applications, and platforms to make and maintain a connection with each other, such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, NFC, and Type C support 1.57 (T11) Sensors It is considered to detect events or changes in its environment for interactive functions, such as IMU, camera and LiDar 1.25 Figure 5 shows the house of quality of smart glasses and Fig. 6 shows the interaction matrix of technical requirements of smart glasses. The results show that the preferable attributes should be concentrated on battery life, display resolution, wide field of view, and optical components when designing the new generation of smart glasses. As a result, the research and development team or the design team can build a clear emphasis in the future. Whereas each smart glass characteristic is given a target value or a standard value, which is taken from the relevant standards or opinions of experts in order to achieve development with technological quality while meeting the customer requirement. The target value of smart glasses is as follows: (C1) Appearance design is considered to be a three-element design, shape, color, and material. The shape may be designed to be streamlined and ergonomic. Different colors using complementary colors provide feelings of energy and vitality. The material affects the durability, lightness, and uniqueness of smart glasses. For example, frames made of memory metal are extremely flexible and can be twisted or bent; polyamides and gliamides are strong, lightweight, flexible materials suitable for sports and performance frames. (C2) Volume calculated as 150 Length × 95–185 Width × 22mm Bridge (C3) Weight of 80g (C4) Battery capacity 1000 mAh (C5) Display resolution 1080p (C6) Total harmonic distortion lower than 0.1% based on the high-end headphones standard. (C7) Processor speed 1.5 GHz (C8) Optical component has a pitch of 55 degrees. (C9) Operating procedure considers a number of aspects, including touchpad, hand gesture control, 3D space control, and so on. (C10) Connectivity considers a number of aspects, including Bluetooth, WIFI, NFC, Type C support, and so on. (C11) Sensor considers a number of quantities, including IMU 9 axis (accelerometer, magnetometer, gyroscope), camera, LIDAR, and so on. 4.4 Deployment of the TRIZ According to the relationship between the technical characteristics and identifying features of technical contradictions, the TRIZ with Triptych are used to identify innovative design ideas from contradiction matrix analysis. The results show that eight TRIZ Principles were generated among the 40 inventive principles, from the 39 design parameters that most closely match the improving and degraded features, including Universality, Periodic Action, Another Dimension, Taking Out, Beforehand Cushioning, Parameter Changes, Self-service, and Mechanics Substitution. These concepts, as shown in Table 4 , can be utilized to improve smart glasses and make a prototype while achieving sustainable design. Figure 7 shows the concept for smart glasses with Triptych TRIZ to achieve feature ideas. It allows users to connect hands-free with the digital world, which includes a real-time AR display with waveguide optics technology at a pitch of 55 degrees to integrate digital images. The design resembles a pair of conventional spectacles, with a focus on fashion-forward and easy-to-wear frame forms, in an attempt to provide the convenience that accelerates customer adoption. It is made from memory metal, polyamides, and gliamides, while the weight is only 80g and the volume is 150 Length × 95–185 Width × 22mm Bridge. The frames can be fitted with a set of photochromic lenses, allowing users to adjust the brightness coming through the lenses and change the light in their surroundings automatically. Also, a wide range of advanced features such as hand gesture control and 3D space control aids with a 3D LiDAR and a 1080p camera, to create an immersive augmented reality experience. Meanwhile, the noise-canceling microphones and speakers with 0.1% total harmonic distortion are built into each stem of smart glasses, allowing users to control by voice commands without having to utilize the touchpad. Processor speed and battery usage are affected by the variety of operational procedures used. In order to support the speed and high battery use of smart glasses, it increases the processor speed to 1.5 GHz and allows users to conduct modularization to swap another frame leg on one side with a battery capacity of 1000 mAh. Table 4 Project ideas generated with TRIZ TRIZ Solution TRIZ contradiction Principle Improving feature Improving feature represents Degraded feature Degraded feature represents Project Ideas Mechanics Substitution Weight of stationary object Weight Extent of automation Operating procedure Utilizing sensory modalities to perform work tasks (e.g. gesture and voice) Another Dimension Difficulty of detecting and measuring Operation procedure Length of moving object Volume Utilizing gesture control with intuitive design Self-service Ease of operation Battery life Weight of moving object Weight Utilizing energy harvested from the human body itself or the environment (e.g. skin charging, sports charging, or solar energy) Universality Duration of action by stationary object Battery life Weight of the stationary object Weight Utilizing the task managers in the smart glasses application to terminate tasks Periodic Action Duration of action by stationary object Battery life Weight of the stationary object Display resolution Adjusting the frames per second (FPS) automatically according to the user behaviour and the display content of smart glasses Taking Out Device complexity Appearance design Loss of Energy Operation procedure Utilizing the modular design for disassembly of all components Beforehand Cushioning Reliability Battery life Length of stationary object Appearance design Utilizing the modular design for adding replacement parts Parameter Changes Reliability Optical component Loss of Energy Battery life Inserting the photochromic lenses and dynamically adjusting to block the external light 5. Results And Discussion Using the conceptual design of smart glasses products as an example, the feasibility and effectiveness of the integration of text mining, QFD, and TRIZ are demonstrated. This systematic approach primarily applies text mining technology to harvest data from online purchasing platforms and can comprehend the opinions and suggestions of customers on current smart glasses. Afterward, QFD was used as a strategic design guide and customer requirements were investigated. Finally, the design of smart glasses is linked to consumer needs, TRIZ is utilized to resolve conflicts in those matrices, and the new generation of smart glasses is offered with sustainable concepts and ecological innovation. According to the results, there are eight eco-innovation suggestions generated for improving the sustainable design of smart glasses. They can be divided into three categories: sensory recognition system, battery system, and modularization. A sensory recognition system relies on visual or tactile modalities for object recognition to solve the weight and operation procedure of smart glasses based on the Principle of Mechanics Substitution and Another Dimension. The battery system focuses on the battery life by using the natural electrical conductivity of humans, task managers in the smart glasses application to terminate tasks and automatically adjust the FPS on the smart glasses based on the Principle of Self-service, Universality, and Periodic Action. Modularization is the flexibility to interchange different components to resolve appearance design, battery life, and optical components based on the Principle of Taking Out, Beforehand Cushioning, and Parameter Changes. First, it is suggested that sensory modalities such as gesture control and voice control can be used instead of buttons or touchpads to optimize the operating procedure. In the current smart glasses market, there are complicated user interface workflows that are generally performed with buttons or touchpads. The users need to open the tools step-by-step when complex operations are encountered. Meanwhile, considering the human-computer interaction dimensions and line of sight of the existing smart glasses in the market is counter-intuitive, resulting in the inconsistency of the control plane with what the user sees. For example, Nreal, an AR smart glasses brand, has added a controller and designed a larger touchpad for better control, but the operation is not intuitive enough. So, it is possible to cut down on the number of parts and make the software more usable by making it more comfortable and easier to use through simple and intuitive design, while comply with mental models of users. Second, it is suggested that the battery system can be used to improve battery longevity. Typically, smart glasses consume a large amount of power due to display and operations, whereas design constraint of smart glasses limits the storage of large batteries. It cannot be used continuously for an extended period, and its electricity demand is increasing. Self-sustaining operations can be achieved by harvesting energy from the human body or the environment, such as skin charging, sports charging, or solar energy. Meanwhile, employing smart glasses applications to automatically adjust the frames per second (FPS) of the display content and terminate tasks to save battery power when high refresh rate displays and tasks are not needed. It significantly increases the battery life of smart glasses, which makes them thinner and smaller. Third, it is suggested that the components of smart glasses can be replaced or interchanged by employing modularization. A modular design allows the user to mix and match the various components and functionalities of the headset according to different user preferences, as well as exchange and insert different prescription lenses or photochromic lenses. It offers greater levels of flexibility and customization to user autonomy and modifies their smart glasses. In addition, it is easier to repair the functions individually by disassembling them if one is damaged or destroyed rather than completely replacing them. Using closed-loop management eliminates waste and value-added materials. This way, when the product is done being used, it can still be used and be used again. 6. Conclusions The large amount of waste generated due to today's consumption patterns causes enormous problems in terms of storage, processing, and disposal space. The value-added potential of global processing has been widely promoted the concept of recycling, transforming it into a lucrative business opportunity. This study employed text mining, Quality Function Deployment (QFD), and the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ) to establish a systematic method. Through case analysis, we effectively assist the manufacturer and the design team in product sustainability implementation and improvement levels to solve all contradictions in the manufacturing process and develop a means of sustainable innovative product development and design. The data from text mining play a role in the future trend of emerging products and transform customer comments into QFD. The study found that long battery life, good display resolution, and wide field of view are the most important functions of customer-selected smart glasses, i.e. optical components, display resolution, and battery capacity. These are the most important technologies for teams to develop and design smart glasses. Furthermore, eight principles in the TRIZ method can aid in the resolution of contradictions in the smart glasses design process in various technical aspects. The three-stage procedure contributes to the development and design of new products by gathering and analyzing the perspectives of all decision-makers to produce sustainable product design decisions. The proposed systematic approach can be extended to design and development of other smart product in the future so as to improve their sustainable product development. Declarations Acknowledgements This research is funded by the Laboratory for Artificial Intelligence in Design (Project Code: RP2-2) under the InnoHK Research Clusters, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government. References Altshuller GS (1984) Creativity as an exact science: the theory of the solution of inventive problems. Gordon and Breach Science Publishers Ansari A, Modarress B (1994) Quality function deployment: the role of suppliers. 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The list of smart glasses considered in this study # Brand Product Name Special Feature 1 Amazon Echo Frames (2nd Gen) Hands-free with Alexa, Make calls, Listen to podcasts or Audible books 2 AOHOGOD AOHOGOD Smart Audio Bluetooth Sunglasses UV400 polarized sunglasses of high quality with UV blocking, Bluetooth wireless music speaker 3 Bear Grylls Bear Grylls BG-GLS-1 Glasses Built-in POV camera IP66 Waterproof 90° Sports Camera Impact Resistant, U400 Polarised Lenses 4 Bose Bose Frames Tenor Audio sunglasses, Bose Openaudio, Advanced mic system 5 Bose Bose Frames Alto Open-ear audio, Ultra-modern materials, Bluetooth enabled, UVA/UVB protection 6 Bose Bose Frames Soprano Audio sunglasses, Bose Openaudio, Advanced mic system, Elegant cat eye 7 Cinemizer Cinemizer OLED Video Glasses Video glasses for movies watching, A variety of devices from smartphones with HDMI connectivity, Integrated rechargeable battery 8 DZQH-Qin DZQH-Qin Wireless Bluetooth Sunglasses Wireless for listening to stereo music, Bluetooth connectivity 9 Epson Moverio BT-300 Transparent Si-OLED display, Applications of photography or aerial inspections, High-resolution front camera 10 EUNY AS6 VISION-800 Bluetooth and wifi connectivity, 5.0MP camera, able for downloading 3D format videos, interactive gaming experience with mouse, keyboard, gamepad connection support 11 Eye Connect Eye Connect Bluetooth Sunglasses Bluetooth enabled iOS/Android, Compatible with smartphones to make hands free calls and listen to music 12 FAUNA Fabula Crystal Brown Touch sensor in both temples, Two microphones with beamforming algorithm, fashion glasses 13 GELETE A12Pro Open ear bluetooth speaker, UV400 polarized lens, IPX4 waterproof sunglasses, Calls/music/navigation, Bluetooth connectivity 14 GoVision GoVision SOL 5MP CMOS sensor, 63-degree wide-angle view, 15MP camera resolution, Up to 3 hours of music playtime 15 Guangtouqiang Bluetooth Audio Glasses Bluetooth audio glasses, Noise cancelling ,mic, Open ear music headset 16 Helalife Helalife Smart Sunglasses Wireless Bluetooth Audio, Calling and llistening to music, Suitable for outdoor usages, Waterproof, Lightweight, Long standby time 17 Hereta Hereta Wireless Bluetooth Sunglasses Anti-ray stereo 4.1 music bluetooth headphones, Hands-free for smartphones 18 HYFILOD Smart Glasses Polarized sunglasses with bone conduction, Bluetooth connectivity speaker, Open-ear audio 19 Inventiv Inventiv Bluetooth Sunglasses Wireless, Microphone, Sports-and-exercise, USB connectivity, IOS, Android 20 Inventiv Inventiv Classic Bluetooth Sunglasses Bluetooth audio glasses, Open ear headphones, Hands free calling 21 Inventiv Inventiv Sport Bluetooth Sunglasses Wireless, Sports-and-exercise, USB connectivity, IOS, Android 22 ISCREM ISCREM Video Camera Sunglasses HD video recording, Long-time video recording, Outdoor sport 23 Kaleser Kaleser Spy Hidden Camera Glasses Built-in HD hidden camera, Video quality of 1920*1080p HD Resolution and 140-degree viewing angle 24 KENTKING KENTKING Smart Glasses Open ear audio, Full range of outdoor activities usages 25 KTYXGKL KTYXGKL Smart Audio Glasses Bluetooth Compatible, Directional audio technology, Open ear speaker system 26 Leaden Leaden Wireless Bluetooth MP3 Sunglasses Bluetooth headphones for driving, cycling and hiking, Foldable eyeglasses design with freely telescoping boom speakers 270 degree rotatable 27 Lucyd Lucyd Lyte Open-ear audio, Crisp microphone, Bluetooth touch controls, Fashionable and prescription-ready frames 28 MAD Gaze Glow Plus Optics of BirdBath with OLED display, 1080p resolution, 53° (Diagonal) FOV, Hand gesture control, Voice recognition 29 MAD Gaze Vader Game playing, Video watching, Large screen at 45 degrees FOV 30 Monkaim Monkaim Spy Glasses Hidden camera glasses, One-button operation, Looping record and card storage 31 OhO sunshine OhO Bluetooth Sunglasses 4K pro ultra HD video recording, Impact resistant lenses and frame, One touch button operation 32 Panyihan Smart Audio Sunglasses Bluetooth Compatible, UV400 protection, IP67 waterproof and dustproof performance 33 PEGASI PEGASI 2 Wavelengths of light in solving sleep problems, Ease of use, Lightweight 34 RAYCORE VIEW Bluetooth Wireless Smart Glasses Music glasses with open-ear speakers, Touch control headphone, Integrated with microphone 35 SunnyCam SunnyCam Active Vibrate alert and 1 hours of full HD video recording time, Slim design with fully interchangeable lenses 36 TechKen TechKen Sunglasses Bluetooth wireless music headset with polarized lenses, Comfortable wearing and secure for running/hiking 37 TJ TJ Half frames Open ear headphone, Voice control, Phone call, Music player, Sports 38 Vocalskull Vocalskull Alien5 Bluetooth Compatible, Bone conduction, Make calls, Listen to music 39 Vufine VUF-110 High definition virtual display, HDMI compatible 40 Vuzix Vuzix Blade Autofocus HD camera, Integrated stereo speakers with noise-cancelling mics, Full color right eye display, Full UV protection lenses with ANSI Z87.1 safety certification, Wireless Wi-Fi and bluetooth 41 WGP WGP Smart Audio Sunglasses (2nd Gen) Open Ear Speaker, Bluetooth Connectivity 42 WGP WGP Smart Audio Glasses Outdoor cycling sport glasses, Anti-blue light lens, Open ear speaker with bluetooth connectivity Appendix B. Results of applying TextRank in term of rating 1 to 5 Rating 1: 1 Glass wiping cloth isn't provided with this unit. 2 Returned glasses, looking for alternative to recording work projects. 3 Battery on the frame of glasses was about to explode from outdoor heat. 4 Glasses are light, trendy and the sound is pretty decent. 5 When I put the glasses ABOVE my ears (= the normal way to wear glasses), then the image on the right side is blurry. 6 Like reading glasses bought from the Supermarket, pretty low quality as you would expect from the price. 7 I paid £35. 99 for glasses and usb stick and sd card only got the glasses which are only £29. 99 ? 8 I imagine most of us already have echo devices throughout our homes, so why wear glasses to give echo commands or ask it questions? 9 Waste of money, and failed to function even as glasses frames due to the incorrect lenses included. 10 Lastly, I was unable to place view finder directly in front of my eye (the attachment for glasses did not alow the view finder to align with my eye) Rating 2: 1 AM radio frequency quality, making vocal tracks too high end. 2 Summary: I wish I could say these are great glasses since the price is so low 3 But music is not going to be enjoyable, especially if you want great music sound quality. 4 My recommendation. save the money if you are looking for a pair of glasses to hear music, as there are more superior products out there. 5 But just for glasses they're good. 6 Update a week later, glasses charged full and they have stopped working. 7 Totally charged yet glasses won't turn on. 8 Unfortunately as others have noted, these are glasses with mini-speakers, not bone conduction. 9 I have returned them and will buy decent headphones and glasses. 10 For who it may concern, First time I contacted Amazon 6 months after purchasing my first pair of glasses, when the coating layer started peeling off. Rating 3: 1 I had previously sampled Bose glasses at Walmart which were awesome (to be fair these are different technology, keep that in mind) and I believe my needs to be better met by a product like that. 2 Bose glasses have a very beautiful design for me, the construction materials are of the highest quality. 3 I love the concept but wish we could buy good quality sound without paying $150+. 4 Great glasses only downside is the sound quality not Bose but still much cheaper alternative. 5 Nice looking glasses but not worth the money for the sound quality. 6 The sound is "Tin"-ny but ok, not great sound, but maybe would be a good value at half the price due to the poor quality sound but as glasses they are great 7 It's a well made pair of glasses, it comes with a nice bag and charging cord, and seemed to have polarized lenses. 8 These glasses look chunky and remind me of some cheap pair of glasses off the market. 9 So I'm listening to music and then decide to temporarily put the glasses down and as a wearer of glasses, I put them down upside down as I always do. 10 I did not know there were two quantities of glasses. Rating 4: 1 Good glasses and comfortable wear amazing sound. 2 The lenses are of decent quality and although not exactly up to the quality of something like Persol, I would easily put them at Ray-Ban quality of glass lenses. 3 The lenges don't smudge as easily as other glasses I wear and are great sun protection. 4 Lots of other glasses are too fancy for my taste and may draw the attention of robbers. 5 The seat is Firm, but not oppressive, and due to its low weight it ultimately fits just like other glasses. 6 A microfiber cloth keeps the glasses clean, just as I know it from other glasses. 7 I think it's cool that you can have other glasses set at the opticians. 8 On the visual side they are great glasses. 9 In short, for me they are great glasses, with a model that combines with all types of wardrobe, ranging from casual, semi-sporty or elegant/formal but with the condition that I cannot use them all the time or every day at least. 10 All in all, it is really great glasses, but unfortunately with deductions for me. Rating 5: 1 Providing crystal clear audio that immerses the listener within the soundscape, at the same time they are good quality glasses with polarized lenses and with UVA / UVB protection (therefore from excellent level of protection) 2 4th different model of music glasses I've owned now. 3 I can feel about a 30-40% increase in sound performance from the speakers and the best part is they don't have the annoying bass vibration like other music glasses do. 4 I bought them in promotion, they are quality glasses, comfortable, with good bose sound, I recommend your purchase. 5 Best glasses with camera to buy! 6 Great glasses / great sound quality / fits perfectly. 7 Great glasses, sounds are great even if it's just in your hair. 8 Great glasses, easy to use, decent sound for sunglasses I have the blue light filter glasses because I want to be able to put them on even on dark days. 9 I am amazed on the sound quality over Bose glasses. 10 What is also very important for me is that they support prescription lenses as I am wearing prescription glasses, I wouldn't be able to use Bose glasses daily without changing the lenses. Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 29 Apr, 2024 Read the published version in Scientific Reports → Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. 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18:29:38","extension":"png","order_by":4,"title":"Figure 4","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":196560,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eWord cloud of most commonly used phrases in product reviews\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"floatimage4.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-1811139/v1/7e53ef07a8d85f6e0374f618.png"},{"id":23550391,"identity":"2957775a-d8cf-4584-8726-c1af3297a5f4","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2022-07-06 18:29:38","extension":"png","order_by":5,"title":"Figure 5","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":64609,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eThe House of Quality of Smart Glasses\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"floatimage5.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-1811139/v1/0733c8588b96d106e0f68e0f.png"},{"id":23550395,"identity":"6d5a6977-21cf-4b2c-8327-5253c6f39204","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2022-07-06 18:29:38","extension":"jpeg","order_by":6,"title":"Figure 6","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":62245,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eThe Interaction Matrix of Technical Requirements of Smart Glasses\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"floatimage6.jpeg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-1811139/v1/038c57cd4821596316cbba6d.jpeg"},{"id":23550845,"identity":"cbfab05a-8eaf-42c8-89cc-46faac467094","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2022-07-06 18:34:38","extension":"png","order_by":7,"title":"Figure 7","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":327537,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eConceptual design for next-generation smart glasses\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"floatimage7.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-1811139/v1/dc4a5cd2800c94af528a2688.png"},{"id":55697721,"identity":"f454a9f6-44f2-4b15-b599-40d6a0680870","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-05-02 02:22:41","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":2800836,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-1811139/v1/b22d4ebe-a5d0-43b6-aa67-8b2e47ca38fa.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Achieving Eco-Innovative Smart Glass Design with the Integration of Opinion Mining, QFD and TRIZ","fulltext":[{"header":"1. Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003eWith the rapid development of 5G, IoT, and technological innovation, the subsequent frequent replacement of electronic equipment results in shorter and shorter product life spans. The waste generated by scrapped electronic equipment has become one of the fastest-growing issues in the world. According to Unitar (2021), it is predicted to reach 74\u0026nbsp;million tonnes in 2030, a rise of 21% in five years, while the recycling rate is only 17.4%. The disposal of batteries and plugs are most common types of e-waste, and smartphones consume the majority of batteries and plugs. Further, as a result of the change in consumption patterns, e-waste has accumulated and grown. Statista (2021) discovered that global smartphone sales averaged 1.5\u0026nbsp;billion units per year from 2018 to 2021, implying that individuals upgrade their phones every few years. Consumers are paying more attention to innovative specifications and have greater expectations, which is the main reason for the high consumption and disposal of mobile phones. Furthermore, smartphones are difficult to disassemble and repair, resulting in a relatively high cost of sustainable development. According to a Canalys (2021) study, smartphone growth will slow down in the future. Even so, Gartner\u0026rsquo;s (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e) study reveals that wearable devices are becoming more and more popular in the market. Technology leaders are beginning to pay attention to the potential of augmented reality and are migrating to new market platforms. The amount of e-waste is estimated to increase dramatically in the future as new electronic devices enter the market. The major difficulty faced by manufacturers is extending the product life cycle in the mature product stage to avoid products being phased out of the market. Therefore, sustainable design is one of the important means to solve these problems as well as an innovation strategy, and has attracted more attention in commercial and academic circles in recent years. However, the current theoretical research on the sustainable design of electronic products has been relatively extensive and in-depth, and the majority of QFD method research uses questionnaires to explore consumer needs, which can only represent a certain group of customers. Research on systematic implementation of sustainable design is still insufficient at the current literature. In summary, three research questions (RQs) are formulated as follows:\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eRQ1: How can customer concerns and requirements on smart glasses be identified in a systematic manner?\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eRQ2: What is an effective systematic approach to interconnect smart glass design and customer requirements?\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eRQ3: What is the next generation smart glass design based on latest customer requirements?\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/ul\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGiven these shortcomings, this study proposes a systematic approach for supporting sustainable new product development based on text mining, Quality Function Deployment (QFD), and the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ). First, the focus is on examining the customer reviews and comments on existing smart glasses on the market. Afterwards, using QFD, the customer's needs are transformed into product design requirements and specifications through matrix relations, qualitative and quantitative techniques (Ansari and Modarress, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1994\u003c/span\u003e). Lastly, the laws and principles of the TRIZ discovered by Altshuller (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1984\u003c/span\u003e) to 200,000 patents are applied to resolve the contradictions in the eco-innovation process. The proposed systematic method can assist manufacturers and designers to solve and balance the difficulties of new product requirements and technical inconsistencies by identifying the gap between present and the expected products as well as providing recommendations for future planning on sustainable design and development. In order to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed system, a case study of smart glasses is conducted to generate the eco-innovation insights for the next-generation smart glass design, where not only are customer needs satisfied, but also the sustainable concerns can be addressed. Consequently, the supply chain sustainability of advanced technologies, especially for smart glasses, can be achieved through eco-innovation.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe rest of this paper is organized as follows. Section 2 reviews the literature on (i) sustainable design thinking, (ii) state-of-the-art text mining approaches, and (iii) recent advances on new product design methods, to outline the motivation of this study. Section \u003cspan refid=\"Sec7\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e presents the research methodology to identify customer requirements from online reviews, and to facilitate the customer-oriented product design. The implementation of the proposed system for smart glasses is described in Section \u003cspan refid=\"Sec14\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e, while research findings and suggested features for future smart glasses are discussed in Section \u003cspan refid=\"Sec19\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e. Finally, the conclusion of this study is drawn in Section \u003cspan refid=\"Sec20\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e "},{"header":"2. Literature Review","content":" \u003cp\u003eA literature review was conducted to discuss the theoretical foundation of this research and is divided into 3 sections. The first section discusses the concept of sustainable design. The second section discusses the application background of text mining in new product development, analyzes the effectiveness of the tools in the product design process, and identifies the limitations. The third section discusses the techniques of Quality Function Deployment and the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving, as well as their usage in product development. This enables the use of a systematic strategy for identifying research gaps in new product development, as well as assists the product design team in analyzing various ways to improve product design.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec2\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.1 Sustainable Design Thinking\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAccording to the European Commission (2018), more than 80% of the product is fixed in during the design and development stage. Designers typically pay attention to the appearance and function of the product, but they often ignore the design and production process. As a result, many consumer products currently on the market are manufactured and used in ways that lead to environmental problems. Tao and Yu (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR24\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2018\u003c/span\u003e) emphasized the value creation of the entire product life cycle in sustainable product design. Therefore, every decision made by the product development team during design and production is critical to the realization of sustainable and circular products. The concept of sustainable design encompasses the entire product and service design process, realizing the symbiotic relationship between enterprises, consumers, and the ecological environment (Jaffe et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e). Attempting to improve the socio-economic performance cycle of its entire life cycle, resource consumption and material output is reduced, thus achieving a cradle-to-cradle approach. However, traditional product design focuses on prioritizing customer needs, which increases raw material emissions and energy consumption and ultimately falls into the \"grave\". To address this fundamental flaw, Gagnon et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2012\u003c/span\u003e) improved the traditional design process by incorporating \"sustainability tasks\" into all design stages. Steenis et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2018\u003c/span\u003e) proved that redesigning with sustainability is effective in meeting consumer satisfaction and increasing the intention to purchase compared to traditional ways. To achieve a sustainable production and consumption system, it is necessary to consider the eco-design techniques of the product and to design systematically from a disassembly perspective throughout the product life cycle in order to drive and improve products during maintenance and extend product life by recycling.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec3\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.2 State-of-the-Art Text Mining Approaches\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eDue to advancements in technology, social media platforms and websites have grown in popularity. Individuals may now openly discuss their thoughts on products and services, as well as the recent updates (Cuizon et al., 2018). With so many texts and documents, it takes people a long time to read and summarize the essential information. Thus, text summarization may be accomplished through the use of machine learning models that have been trained on a large amount of labeled data (Khan et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR15\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e). TextRank, which was proposed by Mihalcea and Tarau (2004), involves the exploration of massive collections of text and the conversion of unstructured text data to structured data. It is a frequently used approach since it does not require a prior understanding of linguistics or domains. It is an unsupervised method for text summarizing that automatically generates summaries based on extraction without the requirement of training data or manually prepared input of tagged corpora (Campos et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e). In past research on extractive summarization, researchers studied the usage of sentence features, such as their positions in the text, word frequency, or significant keywords, indicating their relevance (Khor, 2021). Another advantage of the TextRank method is that it is language-agnostic as it is purely focused on word consistency and requires no knowledge of grammar. As a result, language-specific technologies are no longer required. Additionally, it may be constrained by the fact that the method in which sentences are split varies among different languages, for example, due to the varied alphanumeric characters or writing styles (Sakhadeo and Srivastava, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2018\u003c/span\u003e). In any case, it is a well-developed and exact system with multiple implementations, making it easily accessible to developers interested in utilizing its advantages (Balcerzak et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2014\u003c/span\u003e). As an extraction-based summarization method, the TextRank algorithm selects the most relevant terms from the input document and undergoes several processes: text preprocessing, extraction of words and phrases based on characteristics, then picking the sentences and combining them to generate a summary (Payak et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR20\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec4\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.3 Advances on New Product Design Methods\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec5\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.3.1 Quality function deployment (QFD)\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuality function deployment (QFD) is a critical industrial practice for directing information flow, and it is frequently used in conjunction with design development. The first focus in product development is identifying \"what\" the consumer expects from the product. As a potential approach to product development, Quality Function Deployment places a premium on gathering and analyzing Voice of the Consumer (VoC) data in order to ascertain genuine customer demands. Akao (1990) stated that the confirmation of the explicit and implicit needs of customers in the early creation of new products is required to meet genuine requirements and achieve customer satisfaction. The interaction of each functional part or service item contributes to ensuring the quality of the product or service ahead of time. For example, the first augmented reality smart glasses launched globally, Google Glass, failed due to a lack of coordination between design and application. Therefore, it is vital to consider addressing the demands of the audience and being acceptable when preliminary ideas are being designed.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec6\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.3.2 Theory of inventive problem solving (TRIZ)\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eProduct development not only examines user needs but also product and technology compatibility. Innovation has the biggest impact on the entire new product development process. Innovation is not only a flash of inspiration and random exploration; it also exists within the general laws of the invention (Altshuller, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1984\u003c/span\u003e). People who master these laws can maximize initiative, innovate, and predict the outcomes of innovations. However, Altshuller (1999) realized that each innovation is essentially a problem of conflict. Integrating TRIZ and converting it into product performance characteristics allows us to swiftly uncover issues of ineffective product solutions that effectively guide and manage the new product development process.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"3. Methodology","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe proposed methodology consists of three processes for examining customer feedback from online product reviews and evaluating the functions of recommended design attributes: text mining, QFD and TRIZ approaches. Before conducting text mining using text rank, the product reviews are web scraped. TextRank divides the text into sentences using a trained model and constructs a sparse matrix of the terms and their frequency of occurrence in each phrase. As a result, the \u0026ldquo;summary sentences\u0026rdquo; are utilized in conjunction with the QFD technique to express the consumer's voice. The QFD technique establishes the criteria for product specifications, \u0026ldquo;Whats\u0026rdquo; and \u0026ldquo;Hows\u0026rdquo;, based on the relationship's strength. The technical weights and targets help define the project's contradictions and subsequent phases in applying inventive principles to resolve the new product's technical contradictions using the TRIZ approach. The framework of the methodology is depicted in Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec8\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e3.1 Step 1: Text Mining\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe web scraped comments under product reviews with different ratings can be summarized using the TextRank sentence ranking algorithm to turn unstructured data into insights. To implement TextRank, a network needs to be constructed with the text, the vertices of which indicate the candidates to be rated. The purpose of sentence extraction is to score full sentences, and hence each sentence in the text is represented by a vertex in the graph. The co-occurrence relation employed for keyword extraction is inapplicable, since the text units are substantially larger than one or a few words, and \u0026ldquo;co-occurrence\u0026rdquo; is not a relevant connection and does not have a huge context. Instead, a similarity score is used to calculate the importance of the candidate sentences.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec9\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e3.1.1 Data collection\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eWeb scraping is a technology that enables accessing and extracting massive amounts of data from any publicly available website (Landers et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR18\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2016\u003c/span\u003e). According to Vargiu and Urru (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR25\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2013\u003c/span\u003e), the primary objective of web scraping is to identify data that may be beneficial for changing data into information, and it focuses on converting unstructured data into structured data. In this study, a web scraper was built to collect information about customer reviews from an online platform for further analysis by using the library Selenium, provided by Python.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec10\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e3.1.2 Data pre-processing\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAfter the data collection, the data undergo preprocessing with formatting and cleaning processes for the next step. During the data preprocessing process, text cleaning, tokenization, part-of-speech tagging/stemming, lemmatization, and stop words removal are involved. Firstly, for the tokenization, since the required product reviews contain irrelevant or noisy input, such as symbols, special characters, illustrations, and issues with cases, several procedures were taken to ensure an accurate result, including the removal of special characters, URLs, and some identical and repeated comments. The stemming process, which converts the inflected words to their root form, is also involved. Secondly, part-of-speech (POS) tagging is the process of decomposing a phrase into its constituent forms, including a list of words or tuples that contain a constituent form. In this instance, the tag is a part-of-speech identifier that identifies whether the word is a noun, adjective, verb, or another type of word. Thirdly, lemmatization is the process of appropriately utilizing the vocabulary and morphological interpretation of words, intending to eliminate only inflectional ends and return to the base or dictionary form of a word, referred to as the lemma. For example, turning \u0026ldquo;listening\u0026rdquo;, \u0026ldquo;listened\u0026rdquo; and \u0026ldquo;listen\u0026rdquo; into the basic form of \u0026ldquo;listen\u0026rdquo;. Lastly, stop words are the most commonly used words in any language (such as articles, prepositions, pronouns, and conjunctions) that provide little information to the text and must be filtered out before natural language processing. For instance, the words \"the\", \"a\", and \"an\". Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e shows an example of data preprocessing of an extracted comment. The term \u0026ldquo;worst\u0026rdquo; has been lemmatized back to its base form of \u0026ldquo;bad\u0026rdquo;. The frequently found word \u0026ldquo;the\u0026rdquo; was eliminated during the removal of stop words. A collection of specified stop words was also defined in this case. For example, one of the all-too-common words would be \u0026ldquo;glasses\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab1\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 1\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eExample of data preprocessing of an extracted comment\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"2\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c2\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Probably the worst gadget ever\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTokenization\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e['Probably', 'the', 'worst', 'gadget', 'ever']\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePOS tagging\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e[('Probably', 'RB'), ('the', 'DT'), ('worst', 'JJS'), ('gadget', 'NN'), ('ever', 'RB')]\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLemmatization\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e['probably', 'the', 'bad', 'gadget', 'ever']\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStop words removal\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e['probably', 'bad', 'gadget', 'ever']\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec11\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e3.1.3 Wordcloud and TextRank Algorithm\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eWord clouds are a quicker way to evaluate text retrieved from extracted comments than coding since they decompose the text into component words and calculate their frequency of recurrence within the body of text (Jin, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e). Counting the frequency of keywords within the product review, the word cloud provides an overview of the function items and features being discussed.TextRank is a graph model ranking technique based on the PageRank algorithm developed by Google and commonly employed in the keyword extraction. The core principle of TextRank algorithm is reference to a voting mechanism. The target text is separated into multiple phrases to identify their local linkage (i.e. co-occurrence pane) and the relationship between the candidate words using a word graph. The voting mechanism enables keyword extraction by ranking candidate keywords. There are five steps in the TextRank algorithm.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFirstly, the target text \u003cb\u003eT\u003c/b\u003e is segmented based on the sentence completion, annotated as \u003cem\u003eS\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003e1\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e, \u003cem\u003eS\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003e2\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e,\u0026hellip; \u003cem\u003eS\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003em\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e. Secondly, the segment word of each sentence, that is, \u003cem\u003eS\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003ei\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e \u0026isin; \u003cb\u003eT\u003c/b\u003e, and the tag part-of-speech subsequently underwent the filtering process. It aims to eliminate the aforementioned stop words as well as words that do not belong to the particular part-of-speech. \u003cem\u003eS\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003ei\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e = [\u003cem\u003et\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003ei,1\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e, \u003cem\u003et\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003ei,2\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e, \u0026hellip; ,\u003cem\u003et\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003ei,n\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e], where \u003cem\u003et\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003ei,j\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e is the candidate keyword that annotates the word segmentation and filtering process. Thirdly, the candidate word graph will be constructed, annotated as \u003cb\u003eG\u003c/b\u003e = (\u003cem\u003eV\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eE\u003c/em\u003e). The value \u003cem\u003eV\u003c/em\u003e refers to the vertex set formed of the candidate words from the previous step, while E refers to the subset of \u003cem\u003eV\u003c/em\u003e \u0026times; \u003cem\u003eV\u003c/em\u003e\u0026rsquo;s edge set. The algorithm constructs the edges between network nodes using the co-occurrence window. In other words, there is a connection between two nodes once the candidate words associated to the two nodes exist in a window of length \u003cem\u003eK\u003c/em\u003e, which refers to the window size and indicates the greatest word count that could co-occur. Fourthly, the weight of each node is calculated iteratively based on the Eq.\u0026nbsp;(1) until the computation result converges (Zhou et al., 2021).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"No\" id=\"Taba\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"2\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(WS\\left({v}_{i}\\right)=\\left(1-d\\right)+d{\\sum }_{{v}_{j}\\in In\\left({v}_{i}\\right)}\\frac{{w}_{ji}}{\\sum _{{v}_{k}\\in \\text{Out}\\left({v}_{i}\\right)}{w}_{jk}}WS\\left({v}_{i}\\right)\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e(1)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn Eq.\u0026nbsp;(1), In(\u003cem\u003ev\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003ei\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e) denotes the set of nodes that connect to node \u003cem\u003ev\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003ei\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e, whereas \u003cem\u003ed\u003c/em\u003e \u0026isin; [0,1] is the damping factor, which was formerly known as the PageRank algorithm\u0026rsquo;s random walk probability. The initial intention of this configuration was to prevent pages without third party websites from preventing visitors from scrolling down. There are also undirected nodes in the text graph model; the usual value is 0.85. If a candidate word graph node's failure rate is less than a set limit value, the node is regarded to have attained convergence; this limit value is often set at 0.0001. From the traditional TextRank algorithm, as shown in Eq.\u0026nbsp;(2), p(\u003cem\u003ev\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003ej\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e ⟶ \u003cem\u003ev\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003ei\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e) denotes the probability of jumping from node \u003cem\u003ev\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003ej\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e to node \u003cem\u003ev\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003ei\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e. Out (\u003cem\u003ev\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003ej\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e) denotes the set of nodes referred to by \u003cem\u003ev\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003ej\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e and \u003cem\u003ew\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003eji\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e denotes the edge weight from node \u003cem\u003ew\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003ej\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e to node \u003cem\u003ew\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003ei\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e, which is calculated by the co-occurrence of two words in the conventional algorithm.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"No\" id=\"Tabb\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"2\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(p\\left({v}_{j}\\to {v}_{i}\\right)=\\left\\{\\begin{array}{c}\\begin{array}{cc}\\frac{{w}_{ji}}{\\sum _{{v}_{k}\\in \\text{Out}\\left({v}_{j}\\right)}{w}_{jk}}\u0026amp; if \\exists ({v}_{j}\\to {v}_{i})\\in E \\end{array}\\\\ \\begin{array}{cc}0,\u0026amp; \\text{Otherwise}\\end{array}\\end{array}\\right.\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e(2)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinally, the node weights are sorted in reverse order, and the first \u003cem\u003eK\u003c/em\u003e-word in the target text is utilized as the keyword.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec12\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e3.2 Step 2: Quality Function Deployment\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe QFD process is defined by a variety of words, including House of Quality (HOQ), WHATs, and HOWs, each of which has a distinct function in the relationship and correlation matrices. The HOQ set out the processes that must be followed when adopting QFD. WHATs are the primary inputs to HOQ to sort through a list of essential customer requirements. They may be described in imprecise language. The second input for HOQ is HOWs, which are the procedures that are used to execute these WHATs. They are the characteristics of a technical design that enable it to address the WHATs. In the phrase of requirements planning, the product information with the customer\u0026rsquo;s voice is obtained by the text mining process. The relationship matrix illustrates the relationship between product attributes and customer requirements. After defining the technical specifications (\u0026ldquo;Whats\u0026rdquo;) and the manufacturing process steps required (\u0026ldquo;Hows\u0026rdquo;), the strength of their relationship has to be defined with technical weights based on expert opinions as well. The default symbols and values are rated on a scale of 1, 3, 9, where 9 corresponds to a high relationship, 3 to a medium, 1 to a low, and dash to no relationship. Furthermore, technical targets with the product attribute that have been identified are set, including the description of targets, units, and the first design idea.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec13\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e3.3 Step 3: Theory of Inventive Problem Solving\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn order to generate valuable insights from TRIZ, there are several systemic steps involved. After implementing QFD, the customer and technical requirements are identified. The technical contradiction matrix is used to identify which design characteristics have improved and which have deteriorated. It aids in the selection of the most inventive principle suitable for resolving the contradiction. The contradiction matrix may be utilized to determine solutions to technical contradictions by first detecting the technical conflict and then translating it to a combination of the 39 design parameters. The matrix is utilized to select the most innovative principles as well as the improving and degraded design features. Finally, the inventive principle is applied to the fundamental incoherence of technology. Concerning the approaches for resolving technical contradictions, it is necessary to identify which aspects of the conflict should be highlighted and which should be minimized. Then, the design characteristics that are most closely associated with the conflicting improving and degraded features must be established. The improving and degraded features are set by the fulfillment of customer requirements and technical contradictions. Thereby, coming up with the most feasible solution into product development practices based on the principles.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"4. Case Analysis Of Smart Glasses","content":"\u003cp\u003eWith the advent of the 5G era, people are gradually stepping into immersive technologies and the metaverse. However, the virtual world lacks the effect of light sources and real-world interactions. Therefore, the development of augmented reality (AR) was derived from virtual reality (VR). AR smart glasses require a higher quality content than VR glasses. The technology is not mature enough, leading to issues such as too small a field of view and low yield. The majority of the AR market is now focused on the enterprise market, and the glasses experience did not result in a large-scale consumer ecology. The main reason AR smart glasses are not widely used in the market at this time is that customers are dissatisfied with the design of smart glasses, rendering them unsuitable for continuous use. For example, the AR smart glasses that have been officially released on the market, such as Microsoft's Hololens and Lenovo's ThinkReality, are different from ordinary glasses in daily use. The design of the clunky glasses falls short of the thin and sleek look that consumers expect. Meanwhile, there is a lack of strategic design and development of systematic sustainable solutions in the product market. Creating novel and innovative smart glasses for consumers has huge market potential. Using an electronic company as an example, it attempts to emulate several large technology companies that have raced to build a pair of trendy smart glasses that are widely accepted by customers. With the growth in volume and diversity of data, the company may face challenges in data management and identifying the data's relevance for consumers. It is impractical and time-consuming for staff to manually summarize a large volume of data. The work of summarizing documents requires the use of a preexisting knowledge base. In this case, product reviews summarizing are advantageous for consolidating user thoughts on a product by producing a concise summary from a collection of product reviews. As stated above, the development of AR smart glasses still has room for improvement in the product design stage. Therefore, a case example of smart glasses design was conducted to investigate the relationship between consumer needs and product design in the context of smart glasses use, which aided in the identification of the breakthrough points for sustainable design.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec15\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e4.1 Data collection and data preprocessing\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eTo compile the data, Amazon product reviews on augmented reality smart glasses, which were posted between the years 2020 and 2021, were retrieved and saved in CSV format. There were 1997 reviews for sixty different models of augmented reality smart glasses. Figure\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e shows an example of a product review for smart glasses. Keyword extraction applies to extracting the title column of the product review. When customers provide feedback, they may first describe it in the title column, which is more concise and suitable for keyword extraction. The body column of the comment is extracted for ten of them, the most frequently appearing or noteworthy comments on each 1\u0026ndash;5 star rating.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFigure \u003cspan refid=\"Fig3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e shows the results of the web scrapping. Based on the appearance of conventional glasses as a search criterion, the selected product reviews are about augmented reality smart glasses. These smart glasses are wireless smart glasses integrated with augmented reality optical components, sunglasses, and headsets. They are easier for people to use because they are less bulky and can be worn outdoors, like Epson, MAD Gaze, and other devices. The selected product reviews of smart glasses brands are listed in Appendix A. After applying stop-word removal in the Natural Language Toolkit (NLTK), a total of 245,715 tokens are obtained from the 1997 product reviews.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec16\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e4.2 Deployment of Wordcloud and TextRank algorithm\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAs the length of a review comment is relatively short, during the text mining algorithm process, short strings of comments are concatenated. The comments are classified into ten categories based on the five ratings. The reason for splitting them according to 1\u0026ndash;5 star rating is that each review comment does not comprise a complete and meaningful paragraph for summarization. The extracted comments would be grouped without particular order. To effectively rank the relationship between each sentence, the body of review comments should be ranked by rating and concatenate to a string or text then split to obtain a sentence ranking. As a result, the output contains a total of 50 comments, five of which are the most frequently appearing or noteworthy comments on each 1\u0026ndash;5-star rating. The results are translated into the voice of customers and interconnect the smart glass conceptual design by applying the QFD process. It is shown that the phrases are relevant to the word cloud, as shown in Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e, generated to visually present the most commonly used phrases in AR glasses product reviews. Appendix B illustrates the findings of five rating levels of comments on smart glasses. Users that gave smart glasses a rating of 1 mostly commented on their appearance and battery issues, as well as the fact that certain smart glasses are of poor quality and are not worth the expensive price. Users that gave smart glasses a rating of 2 mostly complained about the audio quality, claiming that the sound quality of the music is inferior to that of other excellent music devices. They may choose to use headphones to listen to music. Users that gave smart glasses a rating of 3 also commented on the sound quality. They find the sound quality of smart glasses to be adequate, and others find them to be a less expensive alternative to luxury products; nonetheless, some still believe they are not worthwhile. They have also discussed the smart glasses' aesthetically appealing design, materials, and accessories. Users that gave smart glasses a rating of 4 mostly commented on the decent lens quality, comfort, and sound quality. In addition, they remarked on the lightness and versatility of the glasses, ranging from casual and semi-athletic to elegant and formal. Users that gave smart glasses a rating of 5 mostly commented on the audio quality and the good sun protection provided by the polarized lenses, and one of the noted glasses has superior sound quality and does not have irritating bass vibration like other music glasses.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec17\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e4.3 Deployment of the QFD\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAccording to the data collected from the Amazon online comment platform through text mining, the entire ranking can be used to assist QFD in understanding the voice of the customers and effectively formulating the attributes of customer needs and technique requirements. The description and importance rate of customer needs and technical requirements are formulated, as shown in Tables\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e and \u003cspan refid=\"Tab3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e. Based on the results of potential customers who give priority to the importance of smart glasses requirements, customers believe that the top three attributes are long battery life, good display resolution, and a wide field of view, which confirm the explicit and implicit needs of customers. The rating of experts was that optical components are the most important technical requirement when developing and designing smart glasses, followed by display resolution and battery capacity. Therefore, the optical component has a strong relationship with customer needs and has high overall weighting.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab2\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 2\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe attributes of customer needs\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"3\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCustomer needs\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDescription\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eImportance rate\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e(C1) Affordable price\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA reasonable amount that most people can afford\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.04\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e(C2) Ease of use\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUsers can easily understand and operate the product\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.05\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e(C3) Wide Field of View\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe extent of the observable world through the viewing angle\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.85\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e(C4) Good display resolution\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePixels with a higher resolution provide clarity of visual information\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.98\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e(C5) Wear comfortably\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eThinner and lighter glasses allow people to wear them in a daily routine\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e(C6) Long battery life\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePower performance can be supported for a certain length of time\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e(C7) Lightweight\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLess than average compared to most other things of the same type\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.61\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e(C8) Good sound quality\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe audio output (synthesize the accuracy and fidelity) from an electronic device can provide a pleasant experience to users\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e(C9) Decent appearance\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA well-proportioned look for attractiveness and styling while being socially acceptable\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.98\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab3\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 3\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe attributes of technique requirements\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"3\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTechnical requirement\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDescription\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eImportance rate\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e(T1) Appearance design\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eIt forms a visual impression on a viewer, taking into account the shape, color, and material of the smart glasses\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.92\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e(T2) Volume\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eIt expresses the occupied space of smart glasses, including frames that are open and frames that fold\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e(T3) Weight\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eIt expresses the heaviness of smart glasses that are constructed from different materials\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.02\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e(T4) Battery capacity\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eIt is considered to be the maximum amount of charge that can be stored and support the smart glasses.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e(T5) Display resolution\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eIt is considered to be the number of horizontal and vertical pixels on a display screen that affects the visibility of fine and delicate information.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.96\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e(T6) Total harmonic distortion\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eIt is expressed as the ratio of the sum of all harmonic component powers to the fundamental frequency signal power\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e(T7) Processor\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eIt is considered to be the logic circuitry and the basic instructions that respond to driving smart glasses\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.53\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e(T8) Optical component\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eIt is the construction of optical modules, such as waveguides and birdbaths, that transmit and reflect information to users' visuals\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e(T9) Operating procedure\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eIt is considered to be the compiled instructions or methods such as the touchpad, hand gesture, and 3D space control to support user control and carry out routine operations\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.24\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e(T10) Connectivity\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eIt is considered to be the ability of systems, applications, and platforms to make and maintain a connection with each other, such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, NFC, and Type C support\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.57\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e(T11) Sensors\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eIt is considered to detect events or changes in its environment for interactive functions, such as IMU, camera and LiDar\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.25\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFigure \u003cspan refid=\"Fig5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e shows the house of quality of smart glasses and Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig6\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e shows the interaction matrix of technical requirements of smart glasses. The results show that the preferable attributes should be concentrated on battery life, display resolution, wide field of view, and optical components when designing the new generation of smart glasses. As a result, the research and development team or the design team can build a clear emphasis in the future. Whereas each smart glass characteristic is given a target value or a standard value, which is taken from the relevant standards or opinions of experts in order to achieve development with technological quality while meeting the customer requirement. The target value of smart glasses is as follows:\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003e(C1) Appearance design is considered to be a three-element design, shape, color, and material. The shape may be designed to be streamlined and ergonomic. Different colors using complementary colors provide feelings of energy and vitality. The material affects the durability, lightness, and uniqueness of smart glasses. For example, frames made of memory metal are extremely flexible and can be twisted or bent; polyamides and gliamides are strong, lightweight, flexible materials suitable for sports and performance frames.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003e(C2) Volume calculated as 150 Length \u0026times; 95\u0026ndash;185 Width \u0026times; 22mm Bridge\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003e(C3) Weight of 80g\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003e(C4) Battery capacity 1000 mAh\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003e(C5) Display resolution 1080p\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003e(C6) Total harmonic distortion lower than 0.1% based on the high-end headphones standard.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003e(C7) Processor speed 1.5 GHz\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003e(C8) Optical component has a pitch of 55 degrees.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003e(C9) Operating procedure considers a number of aspects, including touchpad, hand gesture control, 3D space control, and so on.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003e(C10) Connectivity considers a number of aspects, including Bluetooth, WIFI, NFC, Type C support, and so on.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003e(C11) Sensor considers a number of quantities, including IMU 9 axis (accelerometer, magnetometer, gyroscope), camera, LIDAR, and so on.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/ul\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec18\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e4.4 Deployment of the TRIZ\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAccording to the relationship between the technical characteristics and identifying features of technical contradictions, the TRIZ with Triptych are used to identify innovative design ideas from contradiction matrix analysis. The results show that eight TRIZ Principles were generated among the 40 inventive principles, from the 39 design parameters that most closely match the improving and degraded features, including Universality, Periodic Action, Another Dimension, Taking Out, Beforehand Cushioning, Parameter Changes, Self-service, and Mechanics Substitution. These concepts, as shown in Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e, can be utilized to improve smart glasses and make a prototype while achieving sustainable design. Figure\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig7\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e shows the concept for smart glasses with Triptych TRIZ to achieve feature ideas. It allows users to connect hands-free with the digital world, which includes a real-time AR display with waveguide optics technology at a pitch of 55 degrees to integrate digital images. The design resembles a pair of conventional spectacles, with a focus on fashion-forward and easy-to-wear frame forms, in an attempt to provide the convenience that accelerates customer adoption. It is made from memory metal, polyamides, and gliamides, while the weight is only 80g and the volume is 150 Length \u0026times; 95\u0026ndash;185 Width \u0026times; 22mm Bridge. The frames can be fitted with a set of photochromic lenses, allowing users to adjust the brightness coming through the lenses and change the light in their surroundings automatically. Also, a wide range of advanced features such as hand gesture control and 3D space control aids with a 3D LiDAR and a 1080p camera, to create an immersive augmented reality experience. Meanwhile, the noise-canceling microphones and speakers with 0.1% total harmonic distortion are built into each stem of smart glasses, allowing users to control by voice commands without having to utilize the touchpad. Processor speed and battery usage are affected by the variety of operational procedures used. In order to support the speed and high battery use of smart glasses, it increases the processor speed to 1.5 GHz and allows users to conduct modularization to swap another frame leg on one side with a battery capacity of 1000 mAh.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab4\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 4\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eProject ideas generated with TRIZ\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"6\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTRIZ Solution\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"4\" nameend=\"c5\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTRIZ contradiction\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePrinciple\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eImproving\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003efeature\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eImproving feature represents\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eDegraded\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003efeature\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eDegraded feature represents\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eProject Ideas\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMechanics Substitution\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWeight of stationary object\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWeight\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eExtent of automation\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOperating procedure\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUtilizing sensory modalities to perform work tasks (e.g. gesture and voice)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnother Dimension\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDifficulty of detecting and measuring\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOperation procedure\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLength of moving object\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eVolume\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUtilizing gesture control with intuitive design\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSelf-service\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEase of operation\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBattery life\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWeight of moving object\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWeight\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUtilizing energy harvested from the human body itself or the environment (e.g. skin charging, sports charging, or solar energy)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUniversality\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDuration of action by stationary object\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBattery life\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWeight of the stationary object\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWeight\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUtilizing the task managers in the smart glasses application to terminate tasks\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePeriodic Action\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDuration of action by stationary object\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBattery life\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWeight of the stationary object\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDisplay resolution\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdjusting the frames per second (FPS) automatically according to the user behaviour and the display content of smart glasses\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTaking Out\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDevice complexity\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppearance design\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLoss of Energy\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOperation procedure\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUtilizing the modular design for disassembly of all components\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBeforehand Cushioning\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eReliability\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBattery life\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLength of stationary object\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppearance design\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUtilizing the modular design for adding replacement parts\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eParameter Changes\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eReliability\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOptical component\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLoss of Energy\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBattery life\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eInserting the photochromic lenses and dynamically adjusting to block the external light\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"5. Results And Discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003eUsing the conceptual design of smart glasses products as an example, the feasibility and effectiveness of the integration of text mining, QFD, and TRIZ are demonstrated. This systematic approach primarily applies text mining technology to harvest data from online purchasing platforms and can comprehend the opinions and suggestions of customers on current smart glasses. Afterward, QFD was used as a strategic design guide and customer requirements were investigated. Finally, the design of smart glasses is linked to consumer needs, TRIZ is utilized to resolve conflicts in those matrices, and the new generation of smart glasses is offered with sustainable concepts and ecological innovation. According to the results, there are eight eco-innovation suggestions generated for improving the sustainable design of smart glasses. They can be divided into three categories: sensory recognition system, battery system, and modularization. A sensory recognition system relies on visual or tactile modalities for object recognition to solve the weight and operation procedure of smart glasses based on the Principle of Mechanics Substitution and Another Dimension. The battery system focuses on the battery life by using the natural electrical conductivity of humans, task managers in the smart glasses application to terminate tasks and automatically adjust the FPS on the smart glasses based on the Principle of Self-service, Universality, and Periodic Action. Modularization is the flexibility to interchange different components to resolve appearance design, battery life, and optical components based on the Principle of Taking Out, Beforehand Cushioning, and Parameter Changes.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFirst, it is suggested that sensory modalities such as gesture control and voice control can be used instead of buttons or touchpads to optimize the operating procedure. In the current smart glasses market, there are complicated user interface workflows that are generally performed with buttons or touchpads. The users need to open the tools step-by-step when complex operations are encountered. Meanwhile, considering the human-computer interaction dimensions and line of sight of the existing smart glasses in the market is counter-intuitive, resulting in the inconsistency of the control plane with what the user sees. For example, Nreal, an AR smart glasses brand, has added a controller and designed a larger touchpad for better control, but the operation is not intuitive enough. So, it is possible to cut down on the number of parts and make the software more usable by making it more comfortable and easier to use through simple and intuitive design, while comply with mental models of users.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSecond, it is suggested that the battery system can be used to improve battery longevity. Typically, smart glasses consume a large amount of power due to display and operations, whereas design constraint of smart glasses limits the storage of large batteries. It cannot be used continuously for an extended period, and its electricity demand is increasing. Self-sustaining operations can be achieved by harvesting energy from the human body or the environment, such as skin charging, sports charging, or solar energy. Meanwhile, employing smart glasses applications to automatically adjust the frames per second (FPS) of the display content and terminate tasks to save battery power when high refresh rate displays and tasks are not needed. It significantly increases the battery life of smart glasses, which makes them thinner and smaller.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThird, it is suggested that the components of smart glasses can be replaced or interchanged by employing modularization. A modular design allows the user to mix and match the various components and functionalities of the headset according to different user preferences, as well as exchange and insert different prescription lenses or photochromic lenses. It offers greater levels of flexibility and customization to user autonomy and modifies their smart glasses. In addition, it is easier to repair the functions individually by disassembling them if one is damaged or destroyed rather than completely replacing them. Using closed-loop management eliminates waste and value-added materials. This way, when the product is done being used, it can still be used and be used again.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"6. Conclusions","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe large amount of waste generated due to today's consumption patterns causes enormous problems in terms of storage, processing, and disposal space. The value-added potential of global processing has been widely promoted the concept of recycling, transforming it into a lucrative business opportunity. This study employed text mining, Quality Function Deployment (QFD), and the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ) to establish a systematic method. Through case analysis, we effectively assist the manufacturer and the design team in product sustainability implementation and improvement levels to solve all contradictions in the manufacturing process and develop a means of sustainable innovative product development and design. The data from text mining play a role in the future trend of emerging products and transform customer comments into QFD. The study found that long battery life, good display resolution, and wide field of view are the most important functions of customer-selected smart glasses, i.e. optical components, display resolution, and battery capacity. These are the most important technologies for teams to develop and design smart glasses. Furthermore, eight principles in the TRIZ method can aid in the resolution of contradictions in the smart glasses design process in various technical aspects. The three-stage procedure contributes to the development and design of new products by gathering and analyzing the perspectives of all decision-makers to produce sustainable product design decisions. The proposed systematic approach can be extended to design and development of other smart product in the future so as to improve their sustainable product development.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003ch2\u003eAcknowledgements\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis research is funded by the Laboratory for Artificial Intelligence in Design (Project Code: RP2-2) under the InnoHK Research Clusters, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAltshuller GS (1984) Creativity as an exact science: the theory of the solution of inventive problems. Gordon and Breach Science Publishers\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAnsari A, Modarress B (1994) Quality function deployment: the role of suppliers. 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Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ol\u003e"},{"header":"Appendix","content":"\u003ch2\u003eAppendix A. The list of smart glasses considered in this study\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e#\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBrand\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProduct Name\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSpecial Feature\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAmazon\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEcho Frames (2nd Gen)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHands-free with Alexa, Make calls, Listen to podcasts or Audible books\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAOHOGOD\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAOHOGOD Smart Audio Bluetooth Sunglasses\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUV400 polarized sunglasses of high quality with UV blocking, Bluetooth wireless music speaker\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBear Grylls\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBear Grylls BG-GLS-1 Glasses\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBuilt-in POV camera IP66 Waterproof 90\u0026deg; Sports Camera Impact Resistant, U400 Polarised Lenses\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBose\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBose Frames Tenor\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAudio sunglasses, Bose Openaudio, Advanced mic system\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBose\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBose Frames Alto\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOpen-ear audio, Ultra-modern materials, Bluetooth enabled, UVA/UVB protection\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBose\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBose Frames Soprano\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAudio sunglasses, Bose Openaudio, Advanced mic system, Elegant cat eye\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCinemizer\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCinemizer OLED Video Glasses\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVideo glasses for movies watching, A variety of devices from smartphones with HDMI connectivity, Integrated rechargeable battery\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDZQH-Qin\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDZQH-Qin Wireless Bluetooth Sunglasses\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWireless for listening to stereo music, Bluetooth connectivity\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEpson\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMoverio BT-300\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTransparent Si-OLED display, Applications of photography or aerial inspections, High-resolution front camera\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEUNY\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAS6 VISION-800\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBluetooth and wifi connectivity, 5.0MP camera, able for downloading 3D format videos, interactive gaming experience with mouse, keyboard, gamepad connection support\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEye Connect\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEye Connect Bluetooth Sunglasses\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBluetooth enabled iOS/Android, Compatible with smartphones to make hands free calls and listen to music\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e12\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFAUNA\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFabula Crystal Brown\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTouch sensor in both temples, Two microphones with beamforming algorithm, fashion glasses\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e13\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGELETE\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA12Pro\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOpen ear bluetooth speaker, UV400 polarized lens, IPX4 waterproof sunglasses, Calls/music/navigation, Bluetooth connectivity\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e14\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGoVision\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGoVision SOL\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5MP CMOS sensor, 63-degree wide-angle view, 15MP camera resolution, Up to 3 hours of music playtime\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGuangtouqiang\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBluetooth Audio Glasses\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBluetooth audio glasses, Noise cancelling ,mic, Open ear music headset\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e16\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHelalife\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHelalife Smart Sunglasses\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWireless Bluetooth Audio, Calling and llistening to music, Suitable for outdoor usages, Waterproof, Lightweight, Long standby time\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHereta\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHereta Wireless Bluetooth Sunglasses\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnti-ray stereo 4.1 music bluetooth headphones, Hands-free for smartphones\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e18\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHYFILOD\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSmart Glasses\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePolarized sunglasses with bone conduction, Bluetooth connectivity speaker, Open-ear audio\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e19\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInventiv\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInventiv Bluetooth Sunglasses\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWireless, Microphone, Sports-and-exercise, USB connectivity, IOS, Android\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e20\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInventiv\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInventiv Classic Bluetooth Sunglasses\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBluetooth audio glasses, Open ear headphones, Hands free calling\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e21\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInventiv\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInventiv Sport Bluetooth Sunglasses\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWireless, Sports-and-exercise, USB connectivity, IOS, Android\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eISCREM\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eISCREM Video Camera Sunglasses\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHD video recording, Long-time video recording, Outdoor sport\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e23\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKaleser\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKaleser Spy Hidden Camera Glasses\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBuilt-in HD hidden camera, Video quality of 1920*1080p HD Resolution and 140-degree viewing angle\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e24\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKENTKING\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKENTKING Smart Glasses\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOpen ear audio, Full range of outdoor activities usages\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e25\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKTYXGKL\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKTYXGKL Smart Audio Glasses\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBluetooth Compatible, Directional audio technology, Open ear speaker system\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e26\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLeaden\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLeaden Wireless Bluetooth MP3 Sunglasses\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBluetooth headphones for driving, cycling and hiking, Foldable eyeglasses design with freely telescoping boom speakers 270 degree rotatable\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e27\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLucyd\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLucyd Lyte\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOpen-ear audio, Crisp microphone, Bluetooth touch controls, Fashionable and prescription-ready frames\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e28\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMAD Gaze\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGlow Plus\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOptics of BirdBath with OLED display, 1080p resolution, 53\u0026deg; (Diagonal) FOV, Hand gesture control, Voice recognition\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e29\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMAD Gaze\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVader\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGame playing, Video watching, Large screen at 45 degrees FOV\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e30\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMonkaim\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMonkaim Spy Glasses\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHidden camera glasses, One-button operation, Looping record and card storage\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e31\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOhO sunshine\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOhO Bluetooth Sunglasses\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4K pro ultra HD video recording, Impact resistant lenses and frame, One touch button operation\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e32\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePanyihan\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSmart Audio Sunglasses\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBluetooth Compatible, UV400 protection, IP67 waterproof and dustproof performance\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e33\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePEGASI\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePEGASI 2\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWavelengths of light in solving sleep problems, Ease of use, Lightweight\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e34\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRAYCORE VIEW\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBluetooth Wireless Smart Glasses\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMusic glasses with open-ear speakers, Touch control headphone, Integrated with microphone\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e35\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSunnyCam\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSunnyCam Active\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVibrate alert and 1 hours of full HD video recording time, Slim design with fully interchangeable lenses\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e36\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTechKen\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTechKen Sunglasses\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBluetooth wireless music headset with polarized lenses, Comfortable wearing and secure for running/hiking\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e37\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTJ\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTJ Half frames\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOpen ear headphone, Voice control, Phone call, Music player, Sports\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e38\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVocalskull\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVocalskull Alien5\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBluetooth Compatible, Bone conduction, Make calls, Listen to music\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e39\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVufine\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVUF-110\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHigh definition virtual display, HDMI compatible\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e40\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVuzix\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVuzix Blade\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAutofocus HD camera, Integrated stereo speakers with noise-cancelling mics, Full color right eye display, Full UV protection lenses with ANSI Z87.1 safety certification, Wireless Wi-Fi and bluetooth\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e41\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWGP\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWGP Smart Audio Sunglasses (2nd Gen)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOpen Ear Speaker, Bluetooth Connectivity\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e42\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWGP\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWGP Smart Audio Glasses\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOutdoor cycling sport glasses, Anti-blue light lens, Open ear speaker with bluetooth connectivity\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eAppendix B. Results of applying TextRank in term of rating 1 to 5\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eRating 1: \u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGlass wiping cloth isn't provided with this unit.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eReturned glasses, looking for alternative to recording work projects.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e3\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBattery on the frame of glasses was about to explode from outdoor heat.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e4\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGlasses are light, trendy and the sound is pretty decent.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e5\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWhen I put the glasses ABOVE my ears (= the normal way to wear glasses), then the image on the right side is blurry.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLike reading glasses bought from the Supermarket, pretty low quality as you would expect from the price.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI paid \u0026Acirc;\u0026pound;35. 99 for glasses and usb stick and sd card only got the glasses which are only \u0026Acirc;\u0026pound;29. 99 ?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI imagine most of us already have echo devices throughout our homes, so why wear glasses to give echo commands or ask it questions?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWaste of money, and failed to function even as glasses frames due to the incorrect lenses included.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLastly, I was unable to place view finder directly in front of my eye (the attachment for glasses did not alow the view finder to align with my eye)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eRating 2:\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAM radio frequency quality, making vocal tracks too high end.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSummary: I wish I could say these are great glasses since the price is so low\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBut music is not going to be enjoyable, especially if you want great music sound quality.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMy recommendation. save the money if you are looking for a pair of glasses to hear music, as there are more superior products out there.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut just for glasses they're good.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUpdate a week later, glasses charged full and they have stopped working.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTotally charged yet glasses won't turn on.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnfortunately as others have noted, these are glasses with \u003cstrong\u003emini-speakers, not bone conduction.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI have \u003cstrong\u003ereturned them and will buy decent headphones and glasses.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor who it may concern, First time I contacted Amazon 6 months after purchasing my first pair of glasses, when the coating layer started peeling off.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eRating 3:\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI had previously sampled Bose glasses at Walmart which were awesome (to be fair these are different technology, keep that in mind) and I believe my needs to be better met by a product like that.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBose glasses have a very beautiful design for me, the construction materials are of the highest quality.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eI love the concept but wish we could buy good quality sound without paying $150+.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGreat glasses only downside is the sound quality not Bose but still much cheaper alternative.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNice looking glasses but not worth the money for the sound quality.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe sound is \"Tin\"-ny but ok, not great sound, but maybe would be a good value at half the price due to the poor quality sound but as glasses they are great\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIt's a well made pair of glasses, it comes with a nice bag and charging cord, and seemed to have polarized lenses.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese glasses look chunky and remind me of some cheap pair of glasses off the market.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo I'm listening to music and then decide to temporarily put the glasses down and as a wearer of glasses, I put them down upside down as I always do.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI did not know there were two quantities of glasses.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eRating 4:\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGood glasses and comfortable wear amazing sound.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe lenses are of decent quality and although not exactly up to the quality of something like Persol, I would easily put them at Ray-Ban quality of glass lenses.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe lenges don't smudge as easily as other glasses I wear and are great sun protection.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLots of other glasses are too fancy for my taste and may draw the attention of robbers.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe seat is Firm, but not oppressive, and due to its low weight it ultimately fits just like other glasses.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA microfiber cloth keeps the glasses clean, just as I know it from other glasses.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI think it's cool that you can have other glasses set at the opticians.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOn the visual side they are great glasses.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn short, for me they are great glasses, with a model that combines with all types of wardrobe, ranging from casual, semi-sporty or elegant/formal but with the condition that I cannot use them all the time or every day at least.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll in all, it is really great glasses, but unfortunately with deductions for me.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eRating 5:\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProviding \u003cstrong\u003ecrystal clear audio\u003c/strong\u003e that immerses the listener within the soundscape, at the same time they are good quality glasses with \u003cstrong\u003epolarized lenses and with UVA / UVB protection\u003c/strong\u003e (therefore from excellent level of protection)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4th different model of music glasses I've owned now.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI can feel about a \u003cstrong\u003e30-40% increase in sound performance\u003c/strong\u003e from the speakers and the best part is they \u003cstrong\u003edon't have the annoying bass vibration\u003c/strong\u003e like other music glasses do.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eI bought them in promotion, they are quality glasses, comfortable, with good bose sound, I recommend your purchase.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBest glasses with camera to buy!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGreat glasses / great \u003cstrong\u003esound quality\u003c/strong\u003e / fits perfectly.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGreat glasses, \u003cstrong\u003esounds\u003c/strong\u003e are great even if it's just in your hair.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGreat glasses, easy to use, decent sound for sunglasses I have the blue light filter glasses because I want to be able to put them on even on dark days.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eI am amazed on the sound quality over Bose glasses.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWhat is also very important for me is that they support prescription lenses as I am wearing prescription glasses, I wouldn't be able to use Bose glasses daily without changing the lenses.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e "}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"smart glasses, sustainable design, eco-innovation, text mining, quality function deployment, theory of inventive problem solving ","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-1811139/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1811139/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"As technology advances, the release of new smart devices accelerates, and thus the disposal of electronic devices has increased exponentially, worsening the gravity of electronic waste all over the world. It is eager to consider eco-friendly product design in order to sustain global supply chains. When addressing customer requirements in new product design, sustainable design thinking should thus be incorporated to create not only innovative, but also sustainable products. The purpose of this research is to build a systematic approach to achieve sustainable new product development. To examine the system effectiveness, smart glasses which are rapidly developed in the era of the metaverse is considered in a case study. By utilizing opinion mining approaches, including wordcloud and TextRank algorithm, to decipher customer needs, quality function deployment (QFD) is used to investigate the existing state of smart glasses, as well as translate customers’ needs into technical requirements that serve as the basis for sustainable new product design. Subsequently, the theory of inventive problem solving (TRIZ) is applied to formulate the contradiction matrix between improvement and preservation areas in order to reach the eco-innovation in a systematic manner. Beyond the theoretical investigation, this study presents the application of the proposed system for the sustainable design of smart glasses, so as to support the next generation of smart glasses.","manuscriptTitle":"Achieving Eco-Innovative Smart Glass Design with the Integration of Opinion Mining, QFD and TRIZ","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2022-07-06 18:29:36","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-1811139/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"19fb3856-34f8-42d1-8e64-3e2194bd95f4","owner":[],"postedDate":"July 6th, 2022","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2024-05-01T23:28:35+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-1811139","link":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-58867-1","journal":{"identity":"scientific-reports","isVorOnly":false,"title":"Scientific Reports"},"publishedOn":"2024-04-29 23:28:35","publishedOnDateReadable":"April 29th, 2024"},"versionCreatedAt":"2022-07-06 18:29:36","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1038/s41598-024-58867-1","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-58867-1","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-1811139","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-1811139","identity":"rs-1811139","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"WrCJVZZCHTDjtuVLN7oU0","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}