Concurrent Isolation of Mycobacterium kansasii and Mycobacterium tuberculosis From a Cat With Atopic Dermatitis and Chronic Gingivostomatitis: A Potential Zoonotic Risk

Concurrent Isolation of Mycobacterium kansasii and Mycobacterium tuberculosis From a Cat With Atopic Dermatitis and Chronic Gingivostomatitis: A Potential Zoonotic Risk | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Short Report Concurrent Isolation of Mycobacterium kansasii and Mycobacterium tuberculosis From a Cat With Atopic Dermatitis and Chronic Gingivostomatitis: A Potential Zoonotic Risk Sung-Yeong Choi, Soo-Nyun Choi, Tak Gyeom Lee, Sungweon Ryoo, and 5 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7413655/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract An approximately 8-year-old spayed female American Shorthair cat was evaluated over a 9-month period primarily for perioral pruritus. The cat had a history of feline atopic dermatitis and chronic gingivostomatitis, for which she had received long-term anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive therapy (prednisolone and cyclosporine) at a previous clinic. Initially, perioral and periocular erythema progressed to nodular lesions around facial lesions, the mouth, eye, and ear, which were unresponsive to 9 months of medical treatment. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) of a perinasal mass revealed pyogranulomatous inflammation with numerous macrophages containing bacillary or filamentous bacteria. Histopathological examination of an auricular mass confirmed granulomatous dermatitis, identifying abundant acid-fast bacilli within epithelioid macrophages via Ziehl-Neelsen stain. Cultures from ulcerated perinasal lesions and nasal exudates on 3% Ogawa medium, followed by Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS), detected Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) . Real-time PCR on the same samples identified Mycobacterium kansasii ( M. kansasii ) in all specimens, with one sample also co-detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) . This report highlights the first documented case of co-infection with M. kansasii and M. tuberculosis in a diseased cat. Considering the known association of secondary K. pneumoniae infections in human mycobacterial patients, this case prompts further investigation into the complexities of feline mycobacterial infections involving K. pneumoniae . Mycobacterium kansasii Mycobacterium tuberculosis co-infection cat cutaneous lesion zoonoses Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7413655","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Short Report","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":505117360,"identity":"8f105700-9a28-470c-a318-4088b20a30bd","order_by":0,"name":"Sung-Yeong Choi","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"FM Animal Medical Center","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Sung-Yeong","middleName":"","lastName":"Choi","suffix":""},{"id":505117361,"identity":"d01626af-e51b-4da4-bcf4-05732ef69463","order_by":1,"name":"Soo-Nyun Choi","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Kyungpook National 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zoonoses","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7413655/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7413655/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eAn approximately 8-year-old spayed female American Shorthair cat was evaluated over a 9-month period primarily for perioral pruritus. The cat had a history of feline atopic dermatitis and chronic gingivostomatitis, for which she had received long-term anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive therapy (prednisolone and cyclosporine) at a previous clinic. Initially, perioral and periocular erythema progressed to nodular lesions around facial lesions, the mouth, eye, and ear, which were unresponsive to 9 months of medical treatment. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) of a perinasal mass revealed pyogranulomatous inflammation with numerous macrophages containing bacillary or filamentous bacteria. Histopathological examination of an auricular mass confirmed granulomatous dermatitis, identifying abundant acid-fast bacilli within epithelioid macrophages via Ziehl-Neelsen stain. Cultures from ulcerated perinasal lesions and nasal exudates on 3% Ogawa medium, followed by Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS), detected \u003cem\u003eKlebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae)\u003c/em\u003e. Real-time PCR on the same samples identified \u003cem\u003eMycobacterium kansasii\u003c/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eM. kansasii\u003c/em\u003e) in all specimens, with one sample also co-detecting \u003cem\u003eMycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis)\u003c/em\u003e. This report highlights the first documented case of co-infection with \u003cem\u003eM. kansasii\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eM. tuberculosis\u003c/em\u003e in a diseased cat. Considering the known association of secondary \u003cem\u003eK. pneumoniae\u003c/em\u003e infections in human mycobacterial patients, this case prompts further investigation into the complexities of feline mycobacterial infections involving \u003cem\u003eK. pneumoniae\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Concurrent Isolation of Mycobacterium kansasii and Mycobacterium tuberculosis From a Cat With Atopic Dermatitis and Chronic Gingivostomatitis: A Potential Zoonotic Risk","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-08-27 11:39:24","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7413655/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"3e0b5a18-659a-42ca-901f-65b0b9d7e7fd","owner":[],"postedDate":"August 27th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-11-03T11:08:14+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-08-27 11:39:24","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-7413655","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-7413655","identity":"rs-7413655","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}