Pollution assessment and source apportionment of trace elements in Brazilian urban topsoils

Pollution assessment and source apportionment of trace elements in Brazilian urban topsoils | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Pollution assessment and source apportionment of trace elements in Brazilian urban topsoils Priscila Bassi Penteado, Danilo Covaes Nogarotto, Bruno Elias Santos Costa, and 4 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4183392/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Studying urban soils is an important tool for assessing and identifying sources of pollution in urban centers and better understating their impacts on human health, especially given the intensification of urbanization processes in Brazilian cities. Topsoil samples (0-5cm) were collected from urban parks (Bosque Park and Limeira Park) and unforested places (Prada School and School of Technology – FT) from Limeira City (Brazil) during 2019–2020 to quantify the inorganic composition of urban soils, apply pollution indices, compare the results with reference guidelines values, and identify the main contamination sources using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Positive Matrix Factorization Model (PMF). Results showed that all samples presented concentrations of trace elements related to anthropic sources. Cu, Cd, Zn, and Pb concentrations have enriched compared with the upper continental crust values. The FT, Limeira Park, and Prada School had the highest concentrations of Cd, Pb, and Zn, respectively. Bosque Park, in turn, showed the largest Cr, Cu, and Ni concentrations. Distance from issuing sources, the presence of dense vegetation, and the physical and chemical properties of soil (pH, cation exchange capacity – CEC, clay and organic matter percentages) were the main explaining factors for the concentrations found. Overall, the main sources of contamination are related to industries, fertilizers, vehicular exhaust and geogenic sources. Our results suggest that wooded urban parks have greater potential to store toxic elements than unforested places. Moreover, wooded urban parks provide an important ecosystem service in urban areas and should be considered in public policies aimed at promoting sustainable cities. urban soil urban parks trace elements urban pollution Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Supplementary Files SupplementaryInformation.docx Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4183392","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":286820128,"identity":"60310c91-3589-433a-9735-7c91053fad09","order_by":0,"name":"Priscila Bassi 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Topsoil samples (0-5cm) were collected from urban parks (Bosque Park and Limeira Park) and unforested places (Prada School and School of Technology \u0026ndash; FT) from Limeira City (Brazil) during 2019\u0026ndash;2020 to quantify the inorganic composition of urban soils, apply pollution indices, compare the results with reference guidelines values, and identify the main contamination sources using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Positive Matrix Factorization Model (PMF). Results showed that all samples presented concentrations of trace elements related to anthropic sources. Cu, Cd, Zn, and Pb concentrations have enriched compared with the upper continental crust values. The FT, Limeira Park, and Prada School had the highest concentrations of Cd, Pb, and Zn, respectively. Bosque Park, in turn, showed the largest Cr, Cu, and Ni concentrations. Distance from issuing sources, the presence of dense vegetation, and the physical and chemical properties of soil (pH, cation exchange capacity \u0026ndash; CEC, clay and organic matter percentages) were the main explaining factors for the concentrations found. Overall, the main sources of contamination are related to industries, fertilizers, vehicular exhaust and geogenic sources. Our results suggest that wooded urban parks have greater potential to store toxic elements than unforested places. 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