Ephestia kuehniella eggs as a surrogate host to test feeding preference and intraguild interactions between and Macrolophus pygmaeus and Trichogramma achaeae

Ephestia kuehniella eggs as a surrogate host to test feeding preference and intraguild interactions between and Macrolophus pygmaeus and Trichogramma achaeae | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Ephestia kuehniella eggs as a surrogate host to test feeding preference and intraguild interactions between and Macrolophus pygmaeus and Trichogramma achaeae António Onofre Soares, Ana C. Durão, Maria Luísa Oliveira, Patrícia Arruda, and 1 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4075326/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Mass rearing of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) eggs is a laborious task requiring investment of time, equipment and man hour work. The use of a surrogate prey/host, as Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), easily obtained and maintain, could be an option to undertake experiments. The aim of this study was to test to what extent the eggs of E. kuehniella is a suitable surrogate host of T. absoluta eggs to test for feeding preference and intraguild interactions between Macrolophus pygmaeus (Rambur) (Hemiptera: Miridae) and Trichogramma achaeae Nagaraja and Nagarkatti (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Our results shows that E. kuehniella eggs is a suitable surrogate host to test for feeding preference and intraguild interactions between natural enemies, taking in consideration that i) under single diet, feeding on T. absoluta eggs is expected to be twice that on E. kuehniella , ii) whether offering T. absoluta or E. kuehniella under different ratios of parasitized vs unparasitized eggs, feeding preference was always toward non-parasitized eggs iii) conspecific experiments with increasing density of M. pygmaeus females, the results revel an overall decrease on feeding consumption of 38,7% of E. kuehniella compared with T. absoluta eggs but experiments with T. achaeae show an overall increase in parasitism rate of 78,2% of eggs toward E. kuehniella eggs iv) Heterospecific experiments with increasing density of both natural enemies, when using E. kuehniella eggs we found an overall decrease on feeding consumption of 30% and an increase of parasitism rate of 65%. Laboratory studies methodological procedures prey preference inter- and intraguild interactions augmentative biological control Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4075326","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":278622930,"identity":"14ac4af4-97bb-4dec-bd04-10409aae0bb0","order_by":0,"name":"António Onofre Soares","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA9klEQVRIiWNgGAWjYNACA2QOewMh5czoWngOgCkJ/FpQgEQCfi38s/sPPi4osGHgZz/A/OFDzT05+ZlvDD/8YLhTh0uLxJ3DzMYzDNIYJHsS2CRnHCs2NridYyzZw/AMt8NuJLNJ8xgcZjC4wcDGzMOWkLhBOsdAmoHhME4t8khamD/z/Euonz/zjPFvfFoMkLQwSPO2JSQw3OAxw2uL4Y1kY2MegzQeyZ7ENsmZfQmGG86klVn2GDyTbMChRe5G4sPHPH9s5PjZDx/+8OFbgrx8++HNN35U3OHH6X0o4GFgYEQ21uAAIR2YgAwto2AUjIJRMFwBAIvZTPG2Um0dAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"University of the Azores","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"António","middleName":"Onofre","lastName":"Soares","suffix":""},{"id":278622931,"identity":"bc024dcb-07e0-4df2-8834-7a31ee2e9785","order_by":1,"name":"Ana C. 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The use of a surrogate prey/host, as \u003cem\u003eEphestia kuehniella\u003c/em\u003e Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), easily obtained and maintain, could be an option to undertake experiments. The aim of this study was to test to what extent the eggs of \u003cem\u003eE. kuehniella\u003c/em\u003e is a suitable surrogate host of \u003cem\u003eT. absoluta\u003c/em\u003e eggs to test for feeding preference and intraguild interactions between \u003cem\u003eMacrolophus pygmaeus \u003c/em\u003e(Rambur) (Hemiptera: Miridae)\u003cem\u003e \u003c/em\u003eand\u003cem\u003e Trichogramma achaeae \u003c/em\u003eNagaraja and Nagarkatti (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Our results shows that \u003cem\u003eE. kuehniella\u003c/em\u003e eggs is a suitable surrogate host to test for feeding preference and intraguild interactions between natural enemies, taking in consideration that i) under single diet, feeding on \u003cem\u003eT. absoluta\u003c/em\u003e eggs is expected to be twice that on \u003cem\u003eE. kuehniella\u003c/em\u003e, ii) whether offering \u003cem\u003eT. absoluta\u003c/em\u003e or \u003cem\u003eE. kuehniella\u003c/em\u003e under different ratios of parasitized \u003cem\u003evs\u003c/em\u003e unparasitized eggs, feeding preference was always toward non-parasitized eggs iii) conspecific experiments with increasing density of \u003cem\u003eM. pygmaeus\u003c/em\u003e females, the results revel an overall decrease on feeding consumption of 38,7% of \u003cem\u003eE. kuehniella\u003c/em\u003e compared with \u003cem\u003eT. absoluta\u003c/em\u003e eggs but experiments with \u003cem\u003eT. achaeae\u003c/em\u003e show an overall increase in parasitism rate of 78,2% of eggs toward \u003cem\u003eE. kuehniella\u003c/em\u003e eggs iv) Heterospecific experiments with increasing density of both natural enemies, when using \u003cem\u003eE. kuehniella\u003c/em\u003eeggs we found an overall decrease on feeding consumption of 30% and an increase of parasitism rate of 65%.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Ephestia kuehniella eggs as a surrogate host to test feeding preference and intraguild interactions between and Macrolophus pygmaeus and Trichogramma achaeae","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2024-03-14 17:33:33","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4075326/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"7e54bd60-9cbd-498a-b832-4341dd590cb2","owner":[],"postedDate":"March 14th, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2024-03-26T18:59:29+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2024-03-14 17:33:33","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-4075326","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-4075326","identity":"rs-4075326","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"qtupq5eGEP_6zYnWcrvyt","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}