Genetic association between angiotensin converting enzyme gene in Saudi obese women established gestational diabetes; Non-replication of case-control studies in insertion and deletion polymorphism

Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as carbohydrate intolerance detected during pregnancy and resolves after delivery. Presently, GDM was identified with biochemical but not with molecular analysis. Therefore, this study investigated the genetic, biochemical, clinical association between ACE polymorphism in GDM women. Methods In this case-control study, 400 pregnant women were selected to inspect the ACE genotyping. Two hundred GDM cases were compared with 200 non-GDM subjects. Genotyping was carried out with direct primer sequence followed with 3% agarose gel electrophoresis. Results Statistical association was identified between GDM and non-GDM subjects with D allele, ID genotype and dominant model (D vs I: OR-1.62 [95%CI: 1.09-2.41]; p=0.01; ID vs II: OR-1.58 [95%CI: 1.02-2.42]; p=0.03; DD+ID vs II; OR-1.62 [95%CI: 1.09-2.40]; p=0.01). when comparison was carried out in obese and non-obese of GDM subjects’ negative association was confirmed (p>0.05) and Weight cum BMI associated positively with ACE II, ID and DD genotypes (p=0.07 and p=0.02). Conclusion This results confirm positive association with ACE variant in GDM subjects; confirms the association between GDM and obesity in Saudi women. However, future studies should be implement in other diseases in Saudi as well as GDM with obesity studies in global populations to rule out the diseases.