Further validation of a mixed convection model of tunnel critical velocity against fullscale experimental data

Further validation of a mixed convection model of tunnel critical velocity against fullscale experimental data | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Further validation of a mixed convection model of tunnel critical velocity against fullscale experimental data Michael Beyer, Conrad Stacey, Günter Brenn This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6092275/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract This short note adds further data to the assessment of the Beyer Stacey Brenn mixed convection model for estimating the critical velocity to prevent smoke backlayering in tunnels [ 1 ]. The additional data are full-scale test data from the Memorial Tunnel fire tests where the false ceiling was in place, and the longitudinal flow was generated by point supply of fresh air or point extraction of air/smoke. The data have greater uncertainty than those from later Memorial Tunnel tests with a high arched ceiling, and that may be why the later data on critical velocity were separately published and preferred by previous authors. Within the uncertainty in the earlier data, they agree with predictions from the Beyer Stacey Brenn critical velocity model [ 1 ]. Mechanical Engineering critical velocity backlayering tunnel safety tunnel smoke control validation Full Text Additional Declarations The authors declare no competing interests. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6092275","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":419805606,"identity":"98caf84a-fe67-492a-a905-6abb55d54115","order_by":0,"name":"Michael Beyer","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9433-5679","institution":"Stacey Agnew Pty Ltd","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Michael","middleName":"","lastName":"Beyer","suffix":""},{"id":419805607,"identity":"605dbc15-903b-4844-a7d9-3c0e4fba1ddb","order_by":1,"name":"Conrad Stacey","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0216-9103","institution":"Stacey Agnew Pty Ltd","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Conrad","middleName":"","lastName":"Stacey","suffix":""},{"id":419805608,"identity":"6df4fbfa-7def-44b2-a48e-861a4ecb5dbb","order_by":2,"name":"Günter Brenn","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA9klEQVRIiWNgGAWjYDADAzBZQazyA3AtZwxQjSCshbGNCC3yEcnHHn+ouMdgLn342OPCeX8S50cffvyBoeYPTi2GN9LSDQ6cKWaw7EtLN565zSBx47k0AwOGY7htMZyRYyZxsC2BweAMj5k0L0hLD4NBAgMbPi353yQO/gNp4f8mzTsHpIX9wwGGf3j8IpHDJnGwAWwLmzRvg0HifB4ewwakcMAABjzPzCTOHEvgsexhM5PmOWZsvIGHp5ghsc8Yty3tyc8kKmoS5Mx5mJ9J89TIyc7vYd/84cM3Ody2HIDQPKgiCTg1AG1pICwyCkbBKBgFIx0AAPetTwJ3gkhvAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7576-0790","institution":"TU Graz, Institute of Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Günter","middleName":"","lastName":"Brenn","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-02-24 00:02:11","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":{"humanSubjects":false,"vertebrateSubjects":false,"conflictsOfInterestStatement":false,"humanSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false,"humanSubjectConsent":false,"humanSubjectClinicalTrial":false,"humanSubjectCaseReport":false,"vertebrateSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false},"doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6092275/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6092275/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":77339717,"identity":"641c93be-0f61-4181-b091-83c35260456e","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-02-27 14:47:05","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1239376,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Additionalvalidation20250223manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6092275/v1_covered_2c1b85b0-d7ba-4fcb-9493-3d2e84fa6bab.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"The authors declare no competing interests.","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003eFurther validation of a mixed convection model of tunnel critical velocity against fullscale experimental data\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"critical velocity, backlayering, tunnel safety, tunnel smoke control, validation","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6092275/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6092275/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eThis short note adds further data to the assessment of the Beyer Stacey Brenn mixed convection model for estimating the critical velocity to prevent smoke backlayering in tunnels [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e]. 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