The Potential of Polyphenols Derived from Satureja montana (Lamiaceae) in Prevention and Treatment of Various Mental Disorders, Including Dementia

Satureja montana (SM) is recognized as one of the most pharmacologically significant members of the extensive Lamiaceae family, native to the Bal-kan region. Historically, this plant has been utilized as a flavorful spice, particularly in traditional Bulgarian cuisine. Furthermore, it is well established that mental health is influenced by the type and quality of dietary intake. Results: Ethnopharmacological studies highlight the potential of SM to affect various chronic conditions, such as depression and anxiety. The plant is characterized by a diverse array of secondary metabolites that exhibit a wide range of biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antibacterial, antiviral, and an-tifungal properties. Notably, two of its active phenolic compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, demonstrate significant anxiolytic and anti-depressive effects. This review will examine the potential of SM to enhance mental health through its abundant phenolic constituents. Recent literature suggests their ability in addressing Alzheimer's type dementia. There is a strong correlation between depression, anxiety, and cognitive decline, including dementia. Given that Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a complex disorder, it necessitates multi-targeted therapeutic approaches for both prevention and treatment. Conclusions: SM emerges as a promising candidate for the prevention and management of various mental health disorders, including dementia.