Surfactin Boosts Soybean Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation and Its Underlying Mechanism

Surfactin Boosts Soybean Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation and Its Underlying Mechanism | Authorea try { document.documentElement.classList.add('js'); } catch (e) { } var _gaq = _gaq || []; _gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'G-8VDV14Y67G']); _gaq.push(['_trackPageview']); (function() { var ga = document.createElement('script'); ga.type = 'text/javascript'; ga.async = true; ga.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://ssl' : 'http://www') + '.google-analytics.com/ga.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s); })(); Skip to main content Preprints Collections Wiley Open Research IET Open Research Ecological Society of Japan All Collections About About Authorea FAQs Contact Us Quick Search anywhere Search for preprint articles, keywords, etc. Search Search ADVANCED SEARCH SCROLL This is a preprint and has not been peer reviewed. Data may be preliminary. 2 July 2025 V1 Latest version Share on Surfactin Boosts Soybean Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation and Its Underlying Mechanism Authors : Mengyao Zhao , Yatao Li , Tian Gan , Zhen Lv , Bo Chen , Yuchao Ma 0009-0007-7149-6014 [email protected] , Miaomiao Wang , Pengbo Liang , and Huimin Yu Authors Info & Affiliations https://doi.org/10.22541/au.175144549.91526178/v1 221 views 140 downloads Contents Abstract Supplementary Material Information & Authors Metrics & Citations View Options References Figures Tables Media Share Abstract Symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF) is a crucial process underpinning plant-microbe interactions, legume crop yield enhancement, and global nitrogen cycling. Surfactin, a lipopeptide biosurfactant produced by Bacillus spp., exhibits potent surface, antimicrobial, and emulsifying activities with demonstrated potential in plant growth promotion and biological control. However, its role in soybean SNF remains poorly characterized. Here, we report the novel discovery that surfactin significantly enhances soybean SNF efficacy. This was evidenced by the upregulation of multiple differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with symbiotic nodulation and elevated nitrogenase activity in surfactin-treated seedlings. Mechanistically, surfactin promotes soybean-rhizobia symbiosis by: (i) suppressing host immune responses; (ii) enhancing energy metabolism; (iii) modulating phytohormone levels and signaling pathways; and (iv) stimulating flavonoid biosynthesis. Notably, the auxin (IAA) pathway was identified as essential for surfactin-mediated nodulation enhancement. This study provides significant advances in understanding surfactin’s function and molecular mechanisms in legume SNF offering promising avenues for sustainable agriculture. Supplementary Material File (figures.docx) Download 3.55 MB File (surfactin boosts soybean symbiotic nitrogen fixation and its underlying mechanism.docx) Download 111.49 KB Information & Authors Information Version history V1 Version 1 02 July 2025 Copyright This work is licensed under a Non Exclusive No Reuse License. Keywords flavonoid hormones phytohormones soybean nodulation surfactin transcriptome Authors Affiliations Mengyao Zhao Beijing Forestry University College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology View all articles by this author Yatao Li Beijing Forestry University College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology View all articles by this author Tian Gan Beijing Forestry University College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology View all articles by this author Zhen Lv Beijing Forestry University College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology View all articles by this author Bo Chen Beijing Evolyzer Co Ltd View all articles by this author Yuchao Ma 0009-0007-7149-6014 [email protected] Beijing Forestry University College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology View all articles by this author Miaomiao Wang Beijing Evolyzer Co Ltd View all articles by this author Pengbo Liang China Agricultural University College of Biological Sciences View all articles by this author Huimin Yu Tsinghua University Department of Chemical Engineering View all articles by this author Metrics & Citations Metrics Article Usage 221 views 140 downloads .FvxKWukQNSOunydq8rnd { width: 100px; } Citations Download citation Mengyao Zhao, Yatao Li, Tian Gan, et al. Surfactin Boosts Soybean Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation and Its Underlying Mechanism. Authorea . 02 July 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22541/au.175144549.91526178/v1 If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download. For more information or tips please see 'Downloading to a citation manager' in the Help menu . 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