Programming Microbe-Computer Interaction for Customized Life-Nonlife and Cross-Life Communication

Programming Microbe-Computer Interaction for Customized Life-Nonlife and Cross-Life Communication | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Programming Microbe-Computer Interaction for Customized Life-Nonlife and Cross-Life Communication Hanjie Wang, Zhijie Feng, Chao Zhang, Xin Huang, Yingying Zhang, and 21 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8140976/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The extension of human-computer interaction (HCI) paradigm to non-intelligent microbe-computer interaction (MCI) is attractive for building generalized life-nonlife communication. Main challenges lie in how to construct biohybrid interface within individual MCI unit and program communication among different units. Here, we designed opto-interfaced MCI unit composed of engineered microbes and computer terminals, for enabling quantifiable transduction between microbial signals and digital signals. These units were able to serve as life-centric biohybrid sensors, actuators and transceivers. Based on these units, we established programmable cross-life communication architectures capable of unicast, multicast, and logic-gate-driven communication with dynamic control. The architectures were validated in in multiple scenarios, including the biomedical monitoring-triggered therapeutic intervention at tumor, epidermal and intestinal scenarios, and the environmental unmanned monitoring of water contaminants. In summary, we provide a scalable strategy for building customized life-nonlife and cross-life communication, which is expected to complement living biosystems into the internet of things (IoT). Biological sciences/Biotechnology/Molecular engineering/Synthetic biology Biological sciences/Biotechnology/Environmental biotechnology Biological sciences/Microbiology/Applied microbiology Full Text Additional Declarations There is NO Competing Interest. Supplementary Files SupplementaryInformation.pdf Supplementary_Informatioin MovieS1.mp4 Movie_S1 MovieS2.mp4 Movie_S2 MovieS3.mp4 Movie_S3 MovieS4.mp4 Movie_S4 Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8140976","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":548058236,"identity":"ae2f3d4c-c3a6-44a8-8a0a-347addfdd548","order_by":0,"name":"Hanjie 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