Optimized Design of Ticket Inspection Points in the Waiting Hall of a Large High-Speed Railway Station Based on Pathfinder

Optimized Design of Ticket Inspection Points in the Waiting Hall of a Large High-Speed Railway Station Based on Pathfinder | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Case Report Optimized Design of Ticket Inspection Points in the Waiting Hall of a Large High-Speed Railway Station Based on Pathfinder H. Zhang, T. Xiao, J. Z. Zhang This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7140851/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract With the rapid development of high-speed railways in recent years, the number of passengers traveling by high-speed trains has been increasing steadily, leading to the emergence of more and more large-scale high-speed railway stations. Aiming at the uneven distribution of the crowd in the waiting hall, the distribution of passengers near some ticket gates is too concentrated, which increases the risk of evacuation. This paper proposes a ticket gate distribution scheme based on the attractiveness of exits and the balance of passenger flow. The structure of the high-speed rail-way station and the characteristics of passenger flow distribution in the waiting hall are analyzed through investigation and research, and the settings are made in terms of the smoothness of the exit, whether the escalator is running or not, and the queuing mode of the entrance platform, etc., and the evacuation process of the crowd is simulated by using the pathfinder simulation. The advantages and disadvantages of the evacuation scheme were compared and analyzed in terms of evacuation time and exit utilization rate. The results show that:However, due to the relatively fixed train routes and uneven utilization of ticket inspection points, most passengers tend to wait near the ticket inspection points about to enter the station, resulting in overly concentrated distribution of passengers in the waiting hall. This concentration increases the likelihood of congestion and stampede incidents during evacuation, resulting in low evacuation efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a new ticket inspection point distribution scheme to change the distribution of people in the waiting hall. This paper summarizes the characteristics of the waiting hall of a large high-speed railway station as an evacuation scenario, obtains the characteristics of passengers at the high-speed railway station through a questionnaire survey, and proposes a new ticket inspection point distribution scheme. Using Pathfinder software to simulate the evacuation process of passenger crowds in different scenarios, the evacuation processes, evacuation times, and exit utilization rates of the two evacuation schemes, old and new, are compared to determine the optimal solution. Furthermore, based on the optimal solution, the structure of the evacuation scenario is further improved, and corresponding suggestions are proposed. This research provides theoretical basis for the design of ticket inspection point layout and waiting hall layout optimization for large high-speed railway stations, which is of great significance for ensuring the safety of passengers’ lives and property. High-speed railway station waiting hall Entrance ticket inspection point distribution Crowd evacuation Pathfinder simulation Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7140851","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Case Report","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":517722377,"identity":"b408877f-8e0c-491d-98df-8cae6ac034eb","order_by":0,"name":"H. 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evacuation, Pathfinder simulation","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7140851/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7140851/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eWith the rapid development of high-speed railways in recent years, the number of passengers traveling by high-speed trains has been increasing steadily, leading to the emergence of more and more large-scale high-speed railway stations. Aiming at the uneven distribution of the crowd in the waiting hall, the distribution of passengers near some ticket gates is too concentrated, which increases the risk of evacuation.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis paper proposes a ticket gate distribution scheme based on the attractiveness of exits and the balance of passenger flow. The structure of the high-speed rail-way station and the characteristics of passenger flow distribution in the waiting hall are analyzed through investigation and research, and the settings are made in terms of the smoothness of the exit, whether the escalator is running or not, and the queuing mode of the entrance platform, etc., and the evacuation process of the crowd is simulated by using the pathfinder simulation. The advantages and disadvantages of the evacuation scheme were compared and analyzed in terms of evacuation time and exit utilization rate. The results show that:However, due to the relatively fixed train routes and uneven utilization of ticket inspection points, most passengers tend to wait near the ticket inspection points about to enter the station, resulting in overly concentrated distribution of passengers in the waiting hall. This concentration increases the likelihood of congestion and stampede incidents during evacuation, resulting in low evacuation efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a new ticket inspection point distribution scheme to change the distribution of people in the waiting hall. This paper summarizes the characteristics of the waiting hall of a large high-speed railway station as an evacuation scenario, obtains the characteristics of passengers at the high-speed railway station through a questionnaire survey, and proposes a new ticket inspection point distribution scheme. Using Pathfinder software to simulate the evacuation process of passenger crowds in different scenarios, the evacuation processes, evacuation times, and exit utilization rates of the two evacuation schemes, old and new, are compared to determine the optimal solution. Furthermore, based on the optimal solution, the structure of the evacuation scenario is further improved, and corresponding suggestions are proposed. This research provides theoretical basis for the design of ticket inspection point layout and waiting hall layout optimization for large high-speed railway stations, which is of great significance for ensuring the safety of passengers\u0026rsquo; lives and property.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Optimized Design of Ticket Inspection Points in the Waiting Hall of a Large High-Speed Railway Station Based on Pathfinder","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-09-22 01:57:40","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7140851/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"d16b41c9-4bf6-4fa9-92b3-d5692a523c99","owner":[],"postedDate":"September 22nd, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-10-22T08:08:14+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-09-22 01:57:40","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-7140851","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-7140851","identity":"rs-7140851","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}