Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis of microbial abundance in the vaginal sample between adenomyosis and normal uterus.

This case-control study compared the vaginal microbiome profiles of women with adenomyosis versus women with a normal uterus, analyzing microbial abundance using LEfSe, which applies linear discriminant analysis to identify taxa with differential presence. The authors reported taxa that differed significantly between groups at an LDA threshold score of 2.0 with a significance level of 0.05, and they visualized these differences with an LDA score–based cladogram indicating group-associated taxa. The main limitation explicitly implied by the described analysis is that results depend on the chosen LEfSe parameters (LDA threshold and p-value cutoff) and focuses on taxa detected as significant under those settings. This paper is centrally about adenomyosis — it examines vaginal microbial taxa that differ between adenomyosis cases and normal uterus controls using LEfSe.

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