Simulation and Benchmarking of Real Quantum Hardware

Simulation and Benchmarking of Real Quantum Hardware | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Simulation and Benchmarking of Real Quantum Hardware Tomislav Piskor, Marius Schöndorf, Michael Bauer, Dean Smith, and 4 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7805606/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 10 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The effects of noise are one of the most important factors to consider when it comes to quantum computing in the noisy intermediate-scale quantum computing (NISQ) era that we are currently in. Therefore, it is important not only to gain more knowledge about the noise sources appearing in current quantum computing hardware in order to suppress and mitigate their contributions, but also to evaluate whether a given quantum algorithm can achieve reasonable results on a given hardware. To accomplish this, we need noise models that can describe the real hardware with sufficient accuracy. Here, we present a noise model that has been evaluated on superconducting hardware platforms and could be adapted to other common architectures such as trapped-ion or neutral atom devices. We then benchmark our model by simulating a 20-qubit superconducting quantum computer, and compare the accuracy of our model to similar approaches from the literature and demonstrate an improvement in the overall prediction accuracy. Physical sciences/Engineering Physical sciences/Mathematics and computing Physical sciences/Physics Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 02 Feb, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 05 Dec, 2025 Reviews received at journal 03 Nov, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 15 Oct, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 14 Oct, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 13 Oct, 2025 Editor invited by journal 10 Oct, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 08 Oct, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 08 Oct, 2025 First submitted to journal 08 Oct, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7805606","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":534176990,"identity":"dc720d60-447a-4c8e-87d4-b96452035f76","order_by":0,"name":"Tomislav 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