Sequence analysis of a fifth segment of Penicillium rubens chrysovirus 1

Sequence analysis of a fifth segment of Penicillium rubens chrysovirus 1 | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Sequence analysis of a fifth segment of Penicillium rubens chrysovirus 1 SIDRA HASSAN, Zhao Yangie, Urayama Syun-ichi, Hiromitsu Moriyama, and 3 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7163504/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract In the present study, a Pakistani isolate of a known chrysovirus was identified in Penicillium rubens strain S25. This virus was found to have five genomic segments, ranging from 0.5 to 3.7 kbp in length. Analysis of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) amino acid sequence revealed a 99.28% similarity with the genome of Penicillium chrysogenum chrysovirus 1, suggesting a close evolutionary relationship. Notably, a fifth segment, absent in P. chrysogenum , was identified and is described here for the first time in P. rubens . Sequence analysis showed that this fifth segment is 514 bp in length and has a 5'-terminus identical to the other four segments. mycovirus Penicillium rubens chrysovirus satellite RNA Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Full Text Supplementary Files SupplementaryFigure.png Supplementary Figure 1. 5′- and 3′-UTR alignment. Alignment of the (a) 5′- and (b) 3′- UTR sequences of PrCV1 dsRNA1, dsRNA2, dsRNA3, dsRNA4 and dsRNA5, produced by MAFFT. Asterisks (*) indicate identical nucleotides and colons (.) indicate conserved purines or pyrimidines. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7163504","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":490543218,"identity":"39c0a130-7f59-408e-9388-6f0996a28a6a","order_by":0,"name":"SIDRA HASSAN","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA70lEQVRIiWNgGAWjYHACAzDJx8Dc+BjMYmZuIE4LGwNjszGYw8xIvJY2aQiHgBb59sPbPvxgsJNjYz/YVl1Q8Seavx2o5UfFNtxWnEkrntnDkGzMxpPYdnvGGYPcGYcZGxh7ztzG46ocYwYehgOJbQxALbxtBrkNQC3MjG24tcj3vzFm/MNwoL6N/2FbMUjLfEJaGG7kGDMDbUlgk0hsYwZp2UBIi8GNZ8XMMgzJhm0SD5ulec4Y524EajmIzy/y/cmbGd8w2Mnz8ycf/MxTIZc77/zhgw9+VOBxGAgw/kMTOIBf/SgYBaNgFIwCQgAAFlhR/FwzNP8AAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3196-2955","institution":"Imperial College London - South Kensington Campus: Imperial College London","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"SIDRA","middleName":"","lastName":"HASSAN","suffix":""},{"id":490543219,"identity":"0ce50627-7fa3-4a9a-8be6-8296dc1efc7e","order_by":1,"name":"Zhao Yangie","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Tsukuba Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences: Tsukuba Daigaku Daigakuin Seimei Kankyo Kagaku Kenkyuka","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Zhao","middleName":"","lastName":"Yangie","suffix":""},{"id":490543220,"identity":"126530f3-1c0e-4096-a762-8b48a2c79c34","order_by":2,"name":"Urayama Syun-ichi","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Tsukuba Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences: Tsukuba Daigaku Daigakuin Seimei Kankyo Kagaku Kenkyuka","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Urayama","middleName":"","lastName":"Syun-ichi","suffix":""},{"id":490543221,"identity":"1731d374-99b7-4b67-857c-fda60862daf6","order_by":3,"name":"Hiromitsu Moriyama","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology: Tokyo Noko Daigaku","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Hiromitsu","middleName":"","lastName":"Moriyama","suffix":""},{"id":490543222,"identity":"ef2c4a57-65e6-4e7d-9538-c055e532fe31","order_by":4,"name":"Robert H. A. Coutts","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Hertfordshire - College Lane Campus: University of Hertfordshire","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Robert","middleName":"H. A.","lastName":"Coutts","suffix":""},{"id":490543223,"identity":"ea2b9ab4-b640-4f99-9020-f14ed72be49b","order_by":5,"name":"Ioly Kotta-Loizou","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Imperial College London - South Kensington Campus: Imperial College London","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ioly","middleName":"","lastName":"Kotta-Loizou","suffix":""},{"id":490543224,"identity":"de248ca8-ab1e-4970-b0c2-871383500398","order_by":6,"name":"Atif Jamal","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9080-6523","institution":"National Agricultural Research Centre","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Atif","middleName":"","lastName":"Jamal","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-07-19 09:41:32","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7163504/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7163504/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":87832873,"identity":"6c0fedcf-b566-48e2-b4ce-970e62705566","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-07-29 12:44:39","extension":"png","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":301036,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003ePrCV1 genome. (a) Colony morphology of P. rubens isolate S25 on a potato dextrose agar (PDA) plate (6 cm), incubated at 25 o C for 7 days. The greenish blue culture is indicative of the genus Penicillium. (b) Electrophoretic profile of the dsRNA elements extracted from P. rubens on a 1 % (w/v) agarose gel. Lane S25 contains multiple dsRNA segments under 0.6 and between 2.3 and 4.4 kbp in length. Lane M contains a marker whose sizes are indicated at the left side of the gel. (c) Schematic representation of PrCV1 dsRNA1, dsRNA2, dsRNA3, dsRNA4 and dsRNA5. Each dsRNA is shown as a double black line and each ORF as a coloured box. (d) Secondary structures of the 5′- and 3′-UTR sequences of PrCV-1 dsRNA1, together with their minimum free energy, as predicted by RNAfold.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"FIGURES1.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7163504/v1/44360a7cfee719371e05b552.png"},{"id":87831558,"identity":"8c32360b-9b33-4d61-80ae-2475e1481e51","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-07-29 12:36:38","extension":"png","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":51161,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003ePrCV1 phylogeny. Phylogenetic analysis of PrCV-1 and selected members of the family Chrysoviridae based on their RdRP amino acid sequences. Multiple sequence alignment was performed by MUSCLE as implemented by MEGA 11 and a neighbour-joining (NJ) phylogenetic tree was constructed using MEGA 11. Bootstrap percentages of 1000 replicates over 50% are shown and a member of the family Partitiviridae was used as an outgroup. The orange star indicates the position of PrCV-1 in genus Alphachrysovirus.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"FIGURES2.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7163504/v1/876da2e8a21aae4a91183851.png"},{"id":89865399,"identity":"9536e7c9-d428-4166-a007-9144cfc7aa57","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-08-25 23:43:14","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":502693,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"MANUSCRIPTFILE.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7163504/v1_covered_04e68afb-bf4b-4cec-9f4e-ca752874db96.pdf"},{"id":87831557,"identity":"bcb769fc-ba0d-4586-be42-7701bd029d4a","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-07-29 12:36:38","extension":"png","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":27564,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eSupplementary Figure 1. 5′- and 3′-UTR alignment. Alignment of the (a) 5′- and (b) 3′- UTR sequences of PrCV1 dsRNA1, dsRNA2, dsRNA3, dsRNA4 and dsRNA5, produced by MAFFT. Asterisks (*) indicate identical nucleotides and colons (.) indicate conserved purines or pyrimidines.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"SupplementaryFigure.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7163504/v1/96288faad38598d131f09725.png"}],"financialInterests":"","formattedTitle":"Sequence analysis of a fifth segment of Penicillium rubens chrysovirus 1","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"mycovirus, Penicillium rubens, chrysovirus, satellite RNA","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7163504/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7163504/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eIn the present study, a Pakistani isolate of a known chrysovirus was identified in \u003cem\u003ePenicillium rubens\u003c/em\u003e strain S25. This virus was found to have five genomic segments, ranging from 0.5 to 3.7 kbp in length. Analysis of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) amino acid sequence revealed a 99.28% similarity with the genome of Penicillium chrysogenum chrysovirus 1, suggesting a close evolutionary relationship. Notably, a fifth segment, absent in \u003cem\u003eP. chrysogenum\u003c/em\u003e, was identified and is described here for the first time in \u003cem\u003eP. rubens\u003c/em\u003e. Sequence analysis showed that this fifth segment is 514 bp in length and has a 5'-terminus identical to the other four segments.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Sequence analysis of a fifth segment of Penicillium rubens chrysovirus 1","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-07-29 12:36:34","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7163504/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"e1865f57-95bd-4372-86b1-5632a4141f75","owner":[],"postedDate":"July 29th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-08-25T23:35:06+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-07-29 12:36:34","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-7163504","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-7163504","identity":"rs-7163504","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}