Controversial issues in assisted reproduction

Fibroids are a frequent finding in women with infertility. Gonadotrophin releasing hormone agonists (GnRH-agonist) will cause both uterine and fibroid shrinkage and a reduction or elimination of menstrual flow. Uterine artery embolization offers an alternative method of treatment that allows conservation of the uterus. Under local anaesthesia and sedation, an 18-gauge needle can deliver heat to a fibroid with localized ablation of a fibroid. Hysteroscopic myomectomy may be considered for women with submucous fibroids less than 3 cm. Uterine septum is the most common congenital abnormality of the female reproductive tract with an incidence of 2-3% in the general population. This chapter discusses hydrosalpinx, endometriosis and ovulation induction, endometriosis and intrauterine insemination, endometriosis and in vitro fertilization, and management of ovarian cyst. It also explains elevated follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), thin endometrium, assisted reproductive techniques, and embryo transfer.