Analysis of Migrated Toxic Elements From Branded and Non Branded Children Toys Especially Teethers From Ranchi, Jharkhand

Analysis of Migrated Toxic Elements From Branded and Non Branded Children Toys Especially Teethers From Ranchi, Jharkhand | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Analysis of Migrated Toxic Elements From Branded and Non Branded Children Toys Especially Teethers From Ranchi, Jharkhand Preeti Varma, Sanjeev Kumar Sinha This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6493614/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Toys are the products for children up to 14 years of age and they should be designed and manufactured in such a way that during their use they do not cause any health danger to children, including a danger of exposure to chemical substances and mixtures being in toys. Little children frequently put things in their mouth or even forget washing their hands before putting those hands in their mouth. Children are far more prone than adults to the adverse effects of toxic elements. So the testing for the toys safety is essential. The results of testing migration of selected elements like: Antimony (Sb), Arsenic (As), Barium (Ba), Chromium (Cr), Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), Selenium (Se), Mercury (Hg) from Toys - Teether are discussed in the paper. A teether is an object that a baby can bite on to relieve pain while teething. Teethers can also be called teething toys or chew toys. In the research study twelve branded and non-branded children Teether toys from Frist Cry, Local shops and local market of Ranchi were analyzed for migration of eight toxic elements by ICP - OES. All toy samples showed the presence of one or more Toxic Elements including Barium, Chromium and Lead. toxic elements migration of elements from toys teethers testing migration Heavy Metals Toys Non Branded ICP–OES Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6493614","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":445614604,"identity":"f436238a-627a-4292-9dd6-760614fa6f7f","order_by":0,"name":"Preeti Varma","email":"data:image/png;base64,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","orcid":"","institution":"SARALA BIRLA UNIVERSITY, MAHILONG, RANCHI - JHARKHAND, INDIA","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Preeti","middleName":"","lastName":"Varma","suffix":""},{"id":445614605,"identity":"bd988a5d-ce96-4bec-9b74-00faa81ede89","order_by":1,"name":"Sanjeev Kumar Sinha","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"SARALA BIRLA UNIVERSITY, MAHILONG, RANCHI - JHARKHAND, INDIA","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Sanjeev","middleName":"Kumar","lastName":"Sinha","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-04-21 07:38:28","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6493614/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6493614/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":81129240,"identity":"9c4eb93a-ea4e-42d5-966f-d6fe78dab6c2","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-04-22 14:24:07","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":642706,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"ANALYSISOFMIGRATEDTOXICELEMENTSFROMBRANDEDANDNONBRANDEDCHILDRENTOYSESPECIALLYTEETHERSFROMRANCHIJHARKHAND.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6493614/v1_covered_0befd7f2-e2a2-445f-8f77-a468a057cb18.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003eAnalysis of Migrated Toxic Elements From Branded and Non Branded Children Toys Especially Teethers From Ranchi, Jharkhand\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"toxic elements, migration of elements from toys, teethers, testing migration, Heavy Metals, Toys, Non Branded, ICP–OES","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6493614/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6493614/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eToys are the products for children up to 14 years of age and they should be designed and manufactured in such a way that during their use they do not cause any health danger to children, including a danger of exposure to chemical substances and mixtures being in toys. 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