Abnorme uterine Blutung

In: Gynäkologische Endokrinologie · 2012 · vol. 10(3) , pp. 197–209 · doi:10.1007/s10304-012-0504-8 · W2168104133
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The FIGO PALM-COEIN classification system standardizes causes of abnormal uterine bleeding in reproductive years, categorizing them into structural and non-structural etiologies to aid diagnosis and treatment.

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The paper reviews abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) in the reproductive years, focusing on the FIGO 2011 PALM-COEIN classification system that standardizes terminology and accounts for the possibility of multiple etiologies. It discusses the diagnostic–therapeutic relevance of distinguishing acute from chronic AUB and explains PALM-COEIN categories, including adenomyosis and endometrial pathologies, alongside other causes such as polyps, leiomyomas, malignancy/hyperplasia, coagulopathies, and ovulatory disorders. A stated limitation is that the work is a conceptual/structural overview of classification rather than presenting new empirical patient-outcome data. Relevance to endometriosis: adenomyosis is explicitly listed as part of the PALM-COEIN framework for AUB causes, making this paper directly applicable to adenomyosis within the broader reproductive bleeding context.

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Zusammenfassung Abnorme uterine Blutungen (AUB) in der reproduktiven Lebensphase zählen zu den häufigsten Gründen für ambulante gynäkologische Konsultationen. Im Jahr 2011 hat die FIGO eine neue AUB-Klassifikation entwickelt, die eine Vereinheitlichung der Nomenklatur auf internationaler Ebene und die Berücksichtigung mehrerer AUB-Ursachen zum Ziel hat. Das Akronym PALM-COEIN steht für Polypen, Adenomyosis uteri, Leiomyome, Malignome, Koagulopathien, Ovulationsstörungen, Endometriumpathologien sowie iatrogene und nichtklassifizierte Ursachen. Für das diagnostische und therapeutische Vorgehen ist entscheidend, ob es sich um eine akute oder chronische AUB handelt. Abstract Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is one of the most common gynecological problems addressed in out-patient clinics. In 2011, the FIGO developed the PALM-COEIN (polyp, adenomyosis, leiomyoma, malignancy and hyperplasia, coagulopathy, ovulatory disorders, endometrial disorders, iatrogenic causes, and not classified) classification system for causes of AUB during the reproductive years. The aim is to internationally standardize AUB nomenclature and to consider the fact that more than one AUB etiology may be present. For the diagnostic–therapeutic approach, differentiation between acute and chronic AUB is necessary. Abbreviations - AGS: - Adrenogenitales Syndrom - aPTT: - Aktivierte partielle TPZ - AUB: - Abnorme uterine Blutung - COC: - Kombinierte orale Kontrazeptiva - DHEAS: - Dehydroepiandrosteronsulfat - EE: - Ethinylestradiol - FIGO: - Fédération Internationale de Gynécologie et d’Obstétrique - FSH: - Follikel stimulierendes Hormon - GnRH: - Gonadotropin-releasing-Hormon - HMB : - „Heavy menstrual bleeding“ - IUD: - Intrauterinpessar - LNG: - Levonorgestrel - MDRD : - „Modification of diet in renal disease“ - MPA: - Medroxyprogesteronazetat - NET: - Norethisteron - PALM-COEIN: - Polyp, Adenomyosis, Leiomyom, Malignom, Koagulopathie, Ovulationsstörung, Endometriumpathologie, iatrogene und nichtklassifizierte Ursachen - PCOS: - Polyzystisches Ovarsyndrom - POI: - Prämature Ovarialinsuffizienz - PT: - Prothrombinzeit (TPZ) - TNM: - Tumor, „node“, Metastase - TPZ : - Thromboplastinzeit - TSH: - Thyroidea stimulierendes Hormon - TVUS: - Transvaginaler Ultraschall - WHO: - Weltgesundheitsorganisation - ZT: - Zyklustag Literatur Munro MG, Critchley HOD, Fraser IS (2012) The FIGO systems for nomenclature and classification of causes of abnormal uterine bleeding in the reproductive years: who needs them? 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BMJ 341:c3929 Apter D, Vihko R (1983) Early menarche, a risk factor for breast cancer, indicates early onset of ovulatory cycles. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 57:82–86 Emans SJ (2005) Dysfunctional uterine bleeding. In: Emans SJ, Laufer MR (Hrsg) Pediatric and adolescent gynecology, 5. Aufl. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, S 270 Interessenkonflikt Die korrespondierende Autorin gibt für sich und ihre Koautoren an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht. Author information Authors and Affiliations Corresponding author Rights and permissions About this article Cite this article Stute, P. Abnorme uterine Blutung. Gynäkologische Endokrinologie 10, 197–209 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10304-012-0504-8 Published: Issue date: DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10304-012-0504-8

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