Estimating Consumption-based Ecological Footprint for Sustainability Assessment in the Indian States: Application of Environmentally Extended Multi-Regional I-O Model

Estimating Consumption-based Ecological Footprint for Sustainability Assessment in the Indian States: Application of Environmentally Extended Multi-Regional I-O Model | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Estimating Consumption-based Ecological Footprint for Sustainability Assessment in the Indian States: Application of Environmentally Extended Multi-Regional I-O Model Shailesh Kumar, Diptimayee Nayak This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4514196/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 3 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract India is the most populous country in the world which shares eighteen percent of the total population. Consequently, its states and union territories are in ecological overshoot, depleting and polluting the biophysical basis of its own existence. In this context, understanding ecological footprint which is a land-based composite indicator for assessing the environmental impact of human activities at sub-national level and assessing the sustainability has become crucial. By employing environmentally extended Multi-Regional Input Output (MRIO) model, this study estimates consumption-based ecological footprint and bio capacity of 28 states and 4 union territories (UTs) in the country for the year 2015, and analyse the estimated Ecological Footprint and Bio Capacity across the states in India through sustainability quadrants. The study finds that most Indian states and union territories had a negative ecological balance and was completely unsustainable in the year 2015, which means that states’ Ecological Footprint (EF) exceeded their Bio Capacity (BC). In other words, most Indian states were depleting their natural resources faster than their regeneration or import from elsewhere. The present study confirms that the most efficient way of improving ecological balance and making states ecologically sustainable can be achieved by reducing carbon footprint through dynamic and rational change in consumption behaviour. Consumption based Ecological Footprint Biocapacity Environmentally Extended Multi-Regional Input-Output (MRIO) model Sustainability Indian States Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Supplementary Files Appendixedited.docx Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Editor assigned by journal 19 Jun, 2024 Submission checks completed at journal 06 Jun, 2024 First submitted to journal 01 Jun, 2024 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4514196","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":316214631,"identity":"a0ab2d54-9e9f-44e6-8407-946492b62467","order_by":0,"name":"Shailesh Kumar","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Shailesh","middleName":"","lastName":"Kumar","suffix":""},{"id":316214632,"identity":"7d2006c9-8150-4194-8c7c-6d982ef0c7bd","order_by":1,"name":"Diptimayee Nayak","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAABBElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYDCCw0CcAGaxMT4GkjxsUAkePFoYG6BamI3BWtgIaTkA1AJhsbFJQ2gC7uI7znv8wQOGO/IGx4+lVRf8YZDhk+99wPCjhkHGHIcWycN8iUCHPTPccCbt2O2ZbSCHsRsw9hxj4LFswK7F4DCPIVDLYcYNB9LbbvM2gLQAXQZiGBzAr8V+w/nnbcU8fyBaGP8SoSVxw420Y8zAEAZrYcZnC8gvMxIMDifPvPEsWZq3TQKoJY3hsMwxCZxa+M6fPfDxR8Vh277zaYafef7Y2Ms3H2N8+KbGxh6XFkiUGTAwKEAUSIDJAzAGbi1AIN+AR80oGAWjYBSMbAAAekpSJelPJ4MAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"","institution":"Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Diptimayee","middleName":"","lastName":"Nayak","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-06-01 15:14:05","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4514196/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4514196/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":59659734,"identity":"d9ac28e0-7519-48c1-a8e7-31450b97263b","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-07-04 11:35:53","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1043521,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"ShaileshKDNayak.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4514196/v1_covered_7b5406bc-db75-4a4f-9c13-53015e280591.pdf"},{"id":59659223,"identity":"fbcdc6e4-67a8-48a5-b909-172698a84b26","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-07-04 11:27:47","extension":"docx","order_by":2,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":49953,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Appendixedited.docx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4514196/v1/36b5ad18975fe63766bdb0f4.docx"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Estimating Consumption-based Ecological Footprint for Sustainability Assessment in the Indian States: Application of Environmentally Extended Multi-Regional I-O Model","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"environmental-modeling-and-assessment","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"enmo","sideBox":"Learn more about [Environmental Modeling \u0026 Assessment](https://www.springer.com/journal/10666)","snPcode":"10666","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/10666/3","title":"Environmental Modeling \u0026 Assessment","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"Consumption based Ecological Footprint, Biocapacity, Environmentally Extended Multi-Regional Input-Output (MRIO) model, Sustainability, Indian States","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4514196/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4514196/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eIndia is the most populous country in the world which shares eighteen percent of the total population. Consequently, its states and union territories are in ecological overshoot, depleting and polluting the biophysical basis of its own existence. In this context, understanding ecological footprint which is a land-based composite indicator for assessing the environmental impact of human activities at sub-national level and assessing the sustainability has become crucial. By employing environmentally extended Multi-Regional Input Output (MRIO) model, this study estimates consumption-based ecological footprint and bio capacity of 28 states and 4 union territories (UTs) in the country for the year 2015, and analyse the estimated Ecological Footprint and Bio Capacity across the states in India through sustainability quadrants. The study finds that most Indian states and union territories had a negative ecological balance and was completely unsustainable in the year 2015, which means that states\u0026rsquo; Ecological Footprint (EF) exceeded their Bio Capacity (BC). In other words, most Indian states were depleting their natural resources faster than their regeneration or import from elsewhere. 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