Frequency Selective Surface Based Triple Band Multi Slotted MIMO antenna for Sub-6 GHz Wireless Applications

Frequency Selective Surface Based Triple Band Multi Slotted MIMO antenna for Sub-6 GHz Wireless Applications | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Frequency Selective Surface Based Triple Band Multi Slotted MIMO antenna for Sub-6 GHz Wireless Applications Ashish Kumar, Kinny Garg, Preeti Sharma, Ramesh Kumar This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-9103124/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 14 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The growing need to have high data rate and reliable wireless communication systems has accelerated the development of compact multiband antennas with better radiation performance. A multiband slotted Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna based on Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) has been presented in this work to be used in the modern wireless communication. The proposed antenna operates at 3.4 GHz, 6.68 GHz, and 8.4 GHz and encompasses significant frequency bands of sub-6 GHz 5G, C-band wireless systems, and X-band communication solutions. Multiband operation is accomplished through introducing well-designed slots in the radiating patch which adjust the surface current distribution and produce a variety of resonant paths. The MIMO antenna design is used to increase the channel capacity, diversity functionality, and link reliability with maintaining a compact design. In addition to this, a periodic FSS layer is added to the antenna structure to boost the gain of the antenna in the range from 12–14 dBi, radiation efficiency and to also avoid undesired surface waves. Complex simulations and parametric analyses are conducted to test the performance of the antenna in terms of reflection coefficient, radiation patterns, gain and MIMO diversity parameters including envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) and diversity gain. The proposed antenna exhibits good impedance matching, and better antenna elements isolation, and at the target frequencies, the antenna shows enhanced radiation properties. The achieved findings suggest the suggested multiband FSS-accompanied MIMO antenna to be one of the potential candidates of the next-generation multiband wireless communication systems. Physical sciences/Engineering Physical sciences/Physics MIMO Frequency selective surface Gain Slotted antenna sub-6 GHz 5G Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 27 Apr, 2026 Reviews received at journal 19 Apr, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 16 Apr, 2026 Reviews received at journal 16 Apr, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 16 Apr, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 14 Apr, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 14 Apr, 2026 Reviews received at journal 04 Apr, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 27 Mar, 2026 Reviewers invited by journal 27 Mar, 2026 Editor assigned by journal 22 Mar, 2026 Editor invited by journal 22 Mar, 2026 Submission checks completed at journal 17 Mar, 2026 First submitted to journal 17 Mar, 2026 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-9103124","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":613656213,"identity":"b9d7fb85-c17b-4176-9999-9603033c7e0b","order_by":0,"name":"Ashish Kumar","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ashish","middleName":"","lastName":"Kumar","suffix":""},{"id":613656214,"identity":"a9077d58-4b00-4bcd-892c-650e5669d042","order_by":1,"name":"Kinny Garg","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"AMC Engineering College","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Kinny","middleName":"","lastName":"Garg","suffix":""},{"id":613656215,"identity":"83fccb81-cf9f-4406-bae9-2ad60291ab48","order_by":2,"name":"Preeti Sharma","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Preeti","middleName":"","lastName":"Sharma","suffix":""},{"id":613656216,"identity":"2d836f5e-3dc9-421e-96fc-ef9427b0b934","order_by":3,"name":"Ramesh Kumar","email":"data:image/png;base64,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","orcid":"","institution":"Manipal University Jaipur","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ramesh","middleName":"","lastName":"Kumar","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2026-03-12 09:41:17","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9103124/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9103124/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":105808845,"identity":"dac2c482-cc97-4b20-9033-44ba957f761f","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-03-31 10:58:05","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1508266,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"PAPER.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9103124/v1_covered_0bfac5cc-ed2e-4b05-ab37-2c813e1d8b0f.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Frequency Selective Surface Based Triple Band Multi Slotted MIMO antenna for Sub-6 GHz Wireless Applications","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"scientific-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"scirep","sideBox":"Learn more about [Scientific Reports](http://www.nature.com/srep/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Scientific Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Scientific Reports","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"MIMO, Frequency selective surface, Gain, Slotted antenna, sub-6 GHz, 5G","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9103124/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9103124/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eThe growing need to have high data rate and reliable wireless communication systems has accelerated the development of compact multiband antennas with better radiation performance. A multiband slotted Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna based on Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) has been presented in this work to be used in the modern wireless communication. The proposed antenna operates at 3.4 GHz, 6.68 GHz, and 8.4 GHz and encompasses significant frequency bands of sub-6 GHz 5G, C-band wireless systems, and X-band communication solutions. Multiband operation is accomplished through introducing well-designed slots in the radiating patch which adjust the surface current distribution and produce a variety of resonant paths. The MIMO antenna design is used to increase the channel capacity, diversity functionality, and link reliability with maintaining a compact design. In addition to this, a periodic FSS layer is added to the antenna structure to boost the gain of the antenna in the range from 12\u0026ndash;14 dBi, radiation efficiency and to also avoid undesired surface waves. Complex simulations and parametric analyses are conducted to test the performance of the antenna in terms of reflection coefficient, radiation patterns, gain and MIMO diversity parameters including envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) and diversity gain. The proposed antenna exhibits good impedance matching, and better antenna elements isolation, and at the target frequencies, the antenna shows enhanced radiation properties. The achieved findings suggest the suggested multiband FSS-accompanied MIMO antenna to be one of the potential candidates of the next-generation multiband wireless communication systems.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Frequency Selective Surface Based Triple Band Multi Slotted MIMO antenna for Sub-6 GHz Wireless Applications","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2026-03-31 10:57:56","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9103124/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2026-04-27T10:49:09+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-04-20T01:49:14+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"25745381235721654567998312681347284284","date":"2026-04-16T09:54:19+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-04-16T07:40:41+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"10400086828575177102059135331217280686","date":"2026-04-16T07:29:54+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"260836183760509883174359722919027877665","date":"2026-04-15T03:09:46+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"142331766959648979373272670759818585561","date":"2026-04-14T12:46:22+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-04-04T16:23:11+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"88308199320179771804779967707526535891","date":"2026-03-27T15:10:52+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2026-03-27T15:06:26+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2026-03-22T07:49:11+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvited","content":"","date":"2026-03-22T07:24:33+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2026-03-17T07:46:30+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Scientific Reports","date":"2026-03-17T06:16:53+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"scientific-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"scirep","sideBox":"Learn more about [Scientific Reports](http://www.nature.com/srep/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Scientific Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Scientific Reports","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"ca6e33b3-b80f-4bd1-a941-ca36941ec5f0","owner":[],"postedDate":"March 31st, 2026","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"under-review","subjectAreas":[{"id":65300563,"name":"Physical sciences/Engineering"},{"id":65300564,"name":"Physical sciences/Physics"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-05-13T09:12:17+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2026-03-31 10:57:56","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-9103124","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-9103124","identity":"rs-9103124","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}