The Non-coaxiality and Fabric Evolution of Granular Materials in Mixed Load and Unload on Deviatoric Plane

The Non-coaxiality and Fabric Evolution of Granular Materials in Mixed Load and Unload on Deviatoric Plane | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article The Non-coaxiality and Fabric Evolution of Granular Materials in Mixed Load and Unload on Deviatoric Plane Xuefeng Li, Kuangfei Li This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4252202/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The non-coaxiality and fabric evolution of granular materials with the stress path of mixed load and unload on deviatoric plane have not been well understood, particularly for mixed unload. This study is to survey the combined influence of intermediate principal stress ratio b-value, stress ratio level, confining pressure, and inter-particle friction on the deformation, non-coaxiality by true triaxial simulations with DEM (discrete element method), in mixed loads and unloads, and their correlation to micro-fabric evolution. Differences in deformation, non-coaxiality, and fabric evolution results are analyzed. The non-coaxiality is closely related to stress increment direction, the current stress state, confining pressure \({\sigma _c}\) , and inter-particle friction coefficient \(\mu\) , with distinct non-coaxial response in mixed unloads. It further verifies that the magnitude and orientation evolution of contact fabric are responsible for the deformation and non-coaxial response in mixed load and unload. mixed load and unload true triaxial simulation non-coaxiality fabric evolution DEM Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4252202","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":290746496,"identity":"ad74e9c4-abdc-4e2f-80e7-d4e643b4fd04","order_by":0,"name":"Xuefeng Li","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA90lEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBACPmYQaQPEzMwHH3yokJCTJ6SFDawlDYjZ2ZINZ5yxMDZsIKSFAaaFn8dMmretIpHhACEt7DxmEh8SbPLknXkMJGfOk0hgbGB++OgGXoexpUnOSEgrNjzMVmDwcZtEHjsDm7FxDl4tzMekeX8cTtzYzLwhceY2iWLGBh42afxaGNuk/yT8B2phMDjMO0ciseEAQS1AWxgSDiTOZ2YxbOZtIEoLW7JlT0Jy4gYgg3HGMQljw2YCfuHnP2N440eCXeL8/sPHf3yoqZOTZ29++BifFjgwOABjMROjHATkG4hVOQpGwSgYBSMOAAC1PUVtBLfzUAAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"Ningxia University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Xuefeng","middleName":"","lastName":"Li","suffix":""},{"id":290746497,"identity":"55f5be2a-3c4f-4bea-9c53-7dd992e9f9af","order_by":1,"name":"Kuangfei Li","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Ningxia University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Kuangfei","middleName":"","lastName":"Li","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-04-11 11:43:12","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4252202/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4252202/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":68941341,"identity":"085316a8-d464-4eb0-8861-61d3dd25a473","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-11-13 18:02:00","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1886433,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4252202/v1_covered_89e2cca9-694f-45bf-8f61-1407036ddff0.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"The Non-coaxiality and Fabric Evolution of Granular Materials in Mixed Load and Unload on Deviatoric Plane","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"mixed load and unload, true triaxial simulation, non-coaxiality, fabric evolution, DEM","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4252202/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4252202/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eThe non-coaxiality and fabric evolution of granular materials with the stress path of mixed load and unload on deviatoric plane have not been well understood, particularly for mixed unload. This study is to survey the combined influence of intermediate principal stress ratio b-value, stress ratio level, confining pressure, and inter-particle friction on the deformation, non-coaxiality by true triaxial simulations with DEM (discrete element method), in mixed loads and unloads, and their correlation to micro-fabric evolution. Differences in deformation, non-coaxiality, and fabric evolution results are analyzed. The non-coaxiality is closely related to stress increment direction, the current stress state, confining pressure\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\({\\sigma _c}\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e, and inter-particle friction coefficient\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(\\mu\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e, with distinct non-coaxial response in mixed unloads. 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