Unveiling the electrochemical performance and passive film properties of AA2024 aluminum alloy processed through severe plastic deformation with nanostructured architecture

Unveiling the electrochemical performance and passive film properties of AA2024 aluminum alloy processed through severe plastic deformation with nanostructured architecture | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Unveiling the electrochemical performance and passive film properties of AA2024 aluminum alloy processed through severe plastic deformation with nanostructured architecture Majid Naseri, Omid Imantalab, Parviz Mohamadian Samim This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8475235/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 08 Apr, 2026 Read the published version in Scientific Reports → Version 1 posted 11 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The current work has undoubtedly provided new insights into the correlation between grain refinement and crystallographic texture on the passive and electrochemical response of annealed and nano-grained AA2024 aluminum alloy in phosphate buffer solution (pH = 9). Nano-grained AA2024 alloy, which typically has an average grain size of 150–100 nm with a more uniform microstructure, was successfully processed through the eight-cycle cross accumulative roll bonding (CARB) technique. The findings reveal that as a result of the grain refinement process, the passive response of the nano-grained AA2024 was significantly enhanced compared to its coarse-grained counterpart in phosphate buffer solution. Furthermore, the combination of grain refinement and high-intensity {011} orientations, i.e., Goss {011}, Brass {011}, and P {110} texture components, supplied the optimal conditions for developing oxide passive films with superior corrosion protection performance relative to the coarse-grained counterpart. Consequently, these findings illustrate that the CARB technique can effectively form a thick and less defective passive layer with superior protection properties in the AA2024 alloy. Physical sciences/Engineering Physical sciences/Materials science Physical sciences/Nanoscience and technology Nanostructured AA2024 aluminum alloy Cross accumulative roll bonding Microstructural evolution Crystallographic texture Electrochemical behavior Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 08 Apr, 2026 Read the published version in Scientific Reports → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 18 Jan, 2026 Reviews received at journal 16 Jan, 2026 Reviews received at journal 14 Jan, 2026 Reviews received at journal 13 Jan, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 13 Jan, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 08 Jan, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 08 Jan, 2026 Reviewers invited by journal 08 Jan, 2026 Editor assigned by journal 08 Jan, 2026 Submission checks completed at journal 03 Jan, 2026 First submitted to journal 03 Jan, 2026 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8475235","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":572876070,"identity":"47ba199a-4b82-4e90-a8a4-a3d03f54d52d","order_by":0,"name":"Majid 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architecture","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"scientific-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"scirep","sideBox":"Learn more about [Scientific Reports](http://www.nature.com/srep/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Scientific Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Scientific Reports","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Nanostructured AA2024 aluminum alloy, Cross accumulative roll bonding, Microstructural evolution, Crystallographic texture, Electrochemical behavior","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8475235/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8475235/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eThe current work has undoubtedly provided new insights into the correlation between grain refinement and crystallographic texture on the passive and electrochemical response of annealed and nano-grained AA2024 aluminum alloy in phosphate buffer solution (pH\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;9). Nano-grained AA2024 alloy, which typically has an average grain size of 150\u0026ndash;100 nm with a more uniform microstructure, was successfully processed through the eight-cycle cross accumulative roll bonding (CARB) technique. The findings reveal that as a result of the grain refinement process, the passive response of the nano-grained AA2024 was significantly enhanced compared to its coarse-grained counterpart in phosphate buffer solution. Furthermore, the combination of grain refinement and high-intensity {011} orientations, i.e., Goss {011}\u0026lt;100\u0026gt;, Brass {011}\u0026lt;211\u0026gt;, and P {110}\u0026lt;221\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;texture components, supplied the optimal conditions for developing oxide passive films with superior corrosion protection performance relative to the coarse-grained counterpart. Consequently, these findings illustrate that the CARB technique can effectively form a thick and less defective passive layer with superior protection properties in the AA2024 alloy.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Unveiling the electrochemical performance and passive film properties of AA2024 aluminum alloy processed through severe plastic deformation with nanostructured architecture","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2026-01-13 17:46:08","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8475235/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2026-01-19T04:30:59+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-01-16T06:01:42+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-01-14T17:26:55+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-01-14T03:44:32+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"68335933369295666499101063663023682396","date":"2026-01-13T11:06:55+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"43749278727422032383944520807649856931","date":"2026-01-08T14:57:17+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"168586644542149646676604910415709183647","date":"2026-01-08T13:25:13+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2026-01-08T13:15:17+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2026-01-08T07:56:44+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2026-01-03T07:12:26+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Scientific Reports","date":"2026-01-03T07:06:26+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"scientific-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"scirep","sideBox":"Learn more about [Scientific Reports](http://www.nature.com/srep/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Scientific Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Scientific Reports","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"7b734834-44f9-4809-be7e-116aee5d50b5","owner":[],"postedDate":"January 13th, 2026","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[{"id":60952184,"name":"Physical sciences/Engineering"},{"id":60952185,"name":"Physical sciences/Materials science"},{"id":60952186,"name":"Physical sciences/Nanoscience and technology"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-04-13T16:00:30+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-8475235","link":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-43932-8","journal":{"identity":"scientific-reports","isVorOnly":false,"title":"Scientific Reports"},"publishedOn":"2026-04-08 15:57:25","publishedOnDateReadable":"April 8th, 2026"},"versionCreatedAt":"2026-01-13 17:46:08","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1038/s41598-026-43932-8","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-43932-8","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-8475235","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-8475235","identity":"rs-8475235","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}