Study on Overlap of Carburizing 18CrNiMo7-6 Alloy Steel Strengthened via Abrasive Water Jet

Study on Overlap of Carburizing 18CrNiMo7-6 Alloy Steel Strengthened via Abrasive Water Jet | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Study on Overlap of Carburizing 18CrNiMo7-6 Alloy Steel Strengthened via Abrasive Water Jet Lanrong Liu, Baocheng Sun, GuangTao Xu, YongTao Ma, Minghao Zhao, and 1 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4320733/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Abrasive water jet technology has been applied to strengthen the surfaces of complex shapes and high-strength components to improve their fatigue life. In this regard, the energy distribution affects the strengthening; hence, its uniformity must be comprehensively investigated. The main parameters affecting the energy-distribution uniformity are the particle performance parameters, particle velocity distribution, particle spatial distribution, and overlap. In this study, theoretical models of single-pass energy distribution and multipass lap energy distribution are established by considering the spatial and velocity distributions of particles. Additionally, the ratio of the energy difference to the maximum energy in the lap range is determined as the index of energy-distribution uniformity. Based on the relationship between deformation and energy, the theoretical model is verified using 18CrNiMo7-6 alloy steel. Results show that the maximum theoretical deformation in a single pass is consistent with the experimental results, with an error of less than 6%; additionally, the theoretical and experimental peak and trough differences after a multipass lap show good agreement. Using the proposed model, the lap distance can be obtained to guide practical engineering applications. Abrasive water jet energy distribution theoretical model overlap uniformity Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4320733","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":301468052,"identity":"77325af1-16b1-4992-a487-42c8cc71f40a","order_by":0,"name":"Lanrong Liu","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAtUlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBACPnYwZQPh8RCjhY0ZTKWRruUwSVp4Hz4u+HXeXn5GAuODt20M8uaEtbAbG8/su83MOCOB2XBuG4PhzgaCWtjYpHl7brMxSyQAGW0MCQYHiNNyjodNIoH9N/FaeH4ckOAB2sJMrBZmY96GZAMJnofNknPOSRhuIKSFn72N8THPHzt7+fbkgx/elNnIE7QFDBjbwGQDkJAgRj0I/CFW4SgYBaNgFIxIAABcjC5VmBherwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"Zhengzhou University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Lanrong","middleName":"","lastName":"Liu","suffix":""},{"id":301468053,"identity":"10dcafb8-dd6c-43f7-8ad0-46f8154fc2a4","order_by":1,"name":"Baocheng Sun","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Zhengzhou University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Baocheng","middleName":"","lastName":"Sun","suffix":""},{"id":301468054,"identity":"7c291b97-e9cd-4a5c-af35-1124b9b382be","order_by":2,"name":"GuangTao Xu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Zhengzhou University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"GuangTao","middleName":"","lastName":"Xu","suffix":""},{"id":301468055,"identity":"be080251-cb42-40d5-9992-135fca9ed7e3","order_by":3,"name":"YongTao Ma","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Zhengzhou University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"YongTao","middleName":"","lastName":"Ma","suffix":""},{"id":301468056,"identity":"fb5392a4-82d2-422e-a46d-cd945c57dfef","order_by":4,"name":"Minghao Zhao","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Zhengzhou University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Minghao","middleName":"","lastName":"Zhao","suffix":""},{"id":301468057,"identity":"b668ed9e-1944-489a-93a8-6e8426a9a076","order_by":5,"name":"Zhenye Zhao","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Industrial Science \u0026Technology Institute for Anti-fatigue Manufacturing","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Zhenye","middleName":"","lastName":"Zhao","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-04-25 01:23:20","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4320733/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4320733/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":62872489,"identity":"5178e4d7-4e25-4dfc-b189-d21f676faee7","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-08-20 13:16:35","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1952565,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Submission0424.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4320733/v1_covered_0c132981-e160-431a-8e20-d27e3cdf73b2.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Study on Overlap of Carburizing 18CrNiMo7-6 Alloy Steel Strengthened via Abrasive Water Jet","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Abrasive water jet, energy distribution, theoretical model, overlap, uniformity ","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4320733/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4320733/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"Abrasive water jet technology has been applied to strengthen the surfaces of complex shapes and high-strength components to improve their fatigue life. In this regard, the energy distribution affects the strengthening; hence, its uniformity must be comprehensively investigated. The main parameters affecting the energy-distribution uniformity are the particle performance parameters, particle velocity distribution, particle spatial distribution, and overlap. In this study, theoretical models of single-pass energy distribution and multipass lap energy distribution are established by considering the spatial and velocity distributions of particles. Additionally, the ratio of the energy difference to the maximum energy in the lap range is determined as the index of energy-distribution uniformity. Based on the relationship between deformation and energy, the theoretical model is verified using 18CrNiMo7-6 alloy steel. 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