An integrated taxonomic approach alters the geographic concept of the rare Mountain Needlefly, Leuctra monticola Hanson, 1941 (Plecoptera: Leuctridae)

An integrated taxonomic approach alters the geographic concept of the rare Mountain Needlefly, Leuctra monticola Hanson, 1941 (Plecoptera: Leuctridae) | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article An integrated taxonomic approach alters the geographic concept of the rare Mountain Needlefly, Leuctra monticola Hanson, 1941 (Plecoptera: Leuctridae) Scott A. Grubbs, R. Edward DeWalt, Chris J. Verdone This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8919716/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Revision Version 1 posted 12 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The morphological concept of the purportedly rare eastern Nearctic stonefly species Leuctra monticola Hanson, 1941 (Plecoptera: Leuctridae) is redefined following examination of type material and integrated morphological-molecular phylogenetic analyses using mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene sequence data. These analyses included L. alexanderi Hanson, 1941, a species with an overlapping geographic distribution in the southern Appalachian Mountains, USA, and occasionally confused with L. monticola due to incomplete original descriptions and inconsistent line drawing styles. This paper was predicated on the inclusion of L. monticola in the previous (2015) and current (2025) Virginia Wildlife Action Plans as a Tier 2 (= Very High Conservation Need) species despite a lack of published locality data. Moreover, L. monticola was included as one of 33 Regional Species of Greatest Conservation Need (RSGCNs) in the 13 state Northeast US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) region from Virginia north to Maine and holds a NatureServe G1 (= Critically Imperiled) global ranking. Formal conservation assessments are currently being conducted on all 33 project species and funded by the regional states and the USFWS. Implications for insect conservation Our integrated morphological-molecular treatment that included L. alexanderi and L. monticola has led to the subsequent removal of the latter species from consideration as an RSGCN in the Northeast USFWS region. The distribution of L. monticola is narrowed to only foothill streams of the western flanks of the Great Smoky Mountains in east Tennessee, eliminated from the Virginia and North Carolina state lists, and aligns with the current NatureServe global ranking for this species. In contrast, L. alexanderi has a broad distribution in the Appalachian Mountains and adjacent Appalachian and Cumberland plateaus from northern Alabama east to northwestern South Carolina and north to southern New York. Digital light and scanning electron micrographs of diagnostic morphological characteristics of adult males and females of both species are provided, making correct determinations easier and geographic ranges more accurate. This paper has important ramifications for better decision making for potential conservation and management decisions, especially since L. monticola is now considered a species endemic to Tennessee and the Southeast USFWS region. stoneflies Anakeesta Needlefly conservation systematics Species of Greatest Conservation Need Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Introduction Although biological taxonomy in the strict sense (i.e., Linnean) and conservation arose at different times, the two disciplines have become interdependent upon each other (Conix 2019 ). Conservation and management of species that may be in peril require that accurate taxonomic information is readily available (Mace 2004 ; Ely et al. 2017 ). Morrison et al. (2019) provided several examples of how properly updated taxonomic information has led to enhanced conservation efforts. This is the fifth in a series of recent papers (Verdone et al. 2022 ; Grubbs et al. 2023 , 2025a , 2025b ) that have modified taxonomic concepts of several species of stoneflies that were either (a) presented in a formal petition by the Center for Biological Diversity to the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) for the formal inclusion of 404 species in the southeastern United States (US) as either threatened or endangered under the Endangered Species Act (CBD 2010) or (b) assigned as one of 33 Northeast US Regional Species of Greatest Conservation Need (RSGCN) in the 13-state region from Virginia north through Maine (NFWD 2024). These works have demonstrated that some presumably imperiled stonefly species have been added to lists based on historic or recent taxonomic errors. These mistakes include descriptions of species from one or a few morphologically-variable individuals that represented more widespread species (Grubbs et al. 2025a ), description of species from a limited series that under further examination required synonymy with other species (Grubbs et al. 2023 , 2025b ; Verdone et al. 2022 ), and the outright misidentification of species that lack of voucher specimens and/or exact locations that could serve to document prior claims. Other situations are possible, all of which require considerable effort to rectify. Those conducting conservation assessments of insects must account for these possibilities so as not to perpetuate taxonomic errors (Dubois et al. 2003) and create liability for governments when species are erroneously entered into legal protection (Murphy and Weiland 2016 ). Leuctra monticola Hanson, 1941 was described from Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GRSM) in east Tennessee, USA. This species was assigned to the L. biloba Claassen, 1923 group by Harper and Harper ( 1997 ), together with L. alexanderi Hanson, 1941, L. biloba , L. mitchellensis Hanson, 1941, and L. nephophila Hanson, 1941 based on morphological characteristics of the adult male. Grubbs and Sheldon ( 2009 ) later placed L. pinhoti in this group. Although five of the six members were described as new in 1941, species descriptions were spread across two different papers and with contrasting illustration styles (Hanson 1941a , 1941b ). Consequently, this has introduced confusion among several Nearctic stonefly workers specifically regarding the morphological concepts and distributions of sympatric L. monticola and L. alexanderi , the latter of which was also described from GRSM. Leuctra monticola Hanson, 1941 is listed as an SGCN in the previous (VA WAP 2015 ) and current (VA WAP 2025 ) Virginia (USA) Wildlife Action Plans as a Tier 2 (= Very High Conservation Need) species. NatureServe ( 2026 ) has applied a global ranking of G1 (= Critically Imperiled) for this species. Whether this species is present in Virginia, however, is in question. The presence of L. monticola on Virginia state checklists in the peer-reviewed literature (Kondratieff and Voshell 1979 ; Kondratieff and Kirchner 1987 ; Kondratieff et al. 2017 ) has not included published locality records. Moreover, the presence of L. monticola in the 2015 VA WAP predicated the inclusion of this species as a Northeast US RSGCN (NFWD 2024). The authors of this paper are funded by the USFWS and the 13 states of the Northeast Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies (NEAFWA 2024) to formally assess the conservation status of all 33 RSGCNs, including L. monticola . Once completed, this USFWS project has important conservation and management consequences for several species that may not occur in the northeast US or are more common than previously understood. Because of the confusion regarding the morphology-based concepts of L. monticola and closely related L. alexanderi we applied an integrative morphological-molecular taxonomic approach to refine diagnostic characteristics of both species and determine if L. monticola actually exists in Virginia. This required two important steps − (1) examination of type material and (2) collection of L. monticola from the vicinity of the GRSM type locality and from sites in Virginia where specimens had been collected and determined as this species. The establishment of standard molecular phylogenetic methods, namely with the ease and low cost of sequencing of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene (mtCOI or DNA barcode gene; Hebert et al. 2003 ), have been critical to allow researchers to confidently place species names on individuals of stonefly individuals with confounding diagnostic morphological characteristics, including Palearctic (Teslenko et al. 2019 ) and Nearctic Leuctra (Grubbs et al. 2020 ; Metzger et al. 2022 ; Grubbs et al. 2023 ). Digital light and scanning electron microscopy images and distribution maps are included for both species. Materials and Methods Specimen acquisition and data management Specimens examined during this study were obtained from the Blue Ridge Parkway Collection, housed at Mammoth Cave National Park, Kentucky, USA (BLRI); Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA (BYUC); Bill P. Stark Collection (BPSC, now housed at BYUC); Charles H. Nelson collection, Tennessee, USA (CHNC); C.P. Gillette Museum of Arthropod Diversity, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA (CSUIC); Illinois Natural History Survey, Champaign-Urbana, Illinois, USA (INHS); North Carolina Division of Water Resources Biological Assessment Branch Collections, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA (NCDWR); Phillip N. Hogan Collection, Champaign-Urbana, Illinois, USA (PNHC); United States National Museum, Washington, D.C., USA (USNM); and Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, Kentucky, USA (WKUC). Specimen data were also included from valid literature sources. Because there is locality data that has also been published in the peer-reviewed literature from the collections noted in the previous paragraph, we avoided this redundancy and only included records presented in Griffith and Perry ( 1992 ), Earle (2004), and DeWalt and Heinold ( 2005 ). Locality data for all specimen records are presented in decimal degrees and were either obtained directly in the field with GPS units or georeferenced using Acme Mapper 2.2 ( https://mapper.acme.com ). Due to the large volume of L. alexanderi adults examined during this study (= 289 records), records for this species presented in the Materials Examined section were limited to one county per US state. In contrast, all locality records of L. monticola are provided below. Overall, all specimen data of L. alexanderi and L. monticola integrated in this study are available in Supplementary Table 1. Dot distribution maps were prepared using ArcGIS 10.8.1 and overlaid on U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Level III and Level IV Ecoregions (USEPA 2024 ). Microscopy and digital imaging Images of adult male terminalia of L. alexanderi and L. monticola were captured using a Nikon D-7200 equipped with a 5X macro-lens mounted on a StackShot motorized rail (Connisys Inc., Traverse City, MI, USA). Composite images were stacked using Zerene Stacker version 1.04 (Zerene Systems LLC, Richland, DC, USA) and edited using Adobe Photoshop version 21.0.3 (Adobe Inc., San Jose, CA, USA). Adult female terminalia of both species were digitally imaged with a Leica MZ 16 stereo microscope equipped with a JVC KY-F75U camera and stacked using Auto-Montage Pro. Adult male abdominal terminalia of L. alexanderi and L. monticola were prepared for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) via serial dehydration in 75%, 95%, and 100% ethanol for 10 minutes each and in hexamethyldisilazane twice for 30 minutes each. Dehydrated terminalia were attached to aluminum stubs and coated with gold-palladium in an Emscope SC 500. Specimens were examined using a Jeol JSM-6510LV SEM and digital images were captured with an IXRF system. Male reproductive morphology followed Grubbs et al. ( 2020 , 2023 ). Molecular methods and phylogenetic analyses Two legs and attached thoracic tissue were dissected from adult females and males of L. alexanderi , L. crossi James, 1976 , L. monticola , L. nephophila , and L. pinhoti and sent to the Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding, University of Guelph, Ontario, to sequence mtCOI. All sequences, metadata, and specimen images will reside in the Barcode of Life Data System (BOLD; Ratnasingham and Hebert 2007 ). Sequences of at least one species representing all five Nearctic Leuctra species groups (Harper and Harper 1997 ), unplaced L. moha Ricker, 1952 , and Palearctic L. hippopus Kempny, 1899 were also obtained from BOLD or from the prior work of Metzger et al. ( 2022 ) and Grubbs et al. ( 2023 ) (Table 1 ). Leuctra hippopus served as the outgroup species. A total of 128 sequences were assembled into the final sequence file (Table 1 ), including outgroup L. hippopus . Sequences were aligned using MUSCLE in MEGA11 (Tamura et al. 2021 ). A preliminary phylogenetic analysis was performed by creating a Neighbor-Joining (NJ) tree in MEGA11 to assess the initial tree topology and all putative species identities. We retained all 128 sequences after inspection of the NJ tree. ModelFinder (Kalyaanamoorthy et al. 2017 ) was employed in the IQ-TREE web server (Trifinopoulos et al. 2016 ) to find the best model of evolution for the mtCOI sequence data using the lowest Bayesian Information Criterion score. Subsequently, HKY + F+I+G4 was identified as the best-fit model. Table 1 Summary information for Leuctra sequences used for molecular phylogenetic analyses. A = adult but sex not designated, F = adult female, L = larva, M = adult male. *One L. mitchellensis individual noted as L. biloba in BOLD. Species Life stage BOLD Process ID Event date Country Province or state Leuctra biloba group L. alexanderi L AMISC272-08 16 April 2007 USA Maryland L. alexanderi L AMISC273-08 16 April 2007 USA Maryland L. alexanderi A MDA709-09 1 June 2000 USA West Virginia L. alexanderi M PKSTO059-08 18 June 2007 USA Tennessee L. alexanderi M PKSTO060-08 18 June 2007 USA Tennessee L. alexanderi M PKSTO180-08 18 June 2007 USA Tennessee L. alexanderi F PKSTO181-08 18 June 2007 USA Tennessee L. alexanderi M WKUC528-23 24 May 2022 USA Kentucky L. alexanderi F WKUC529-23 24 May 2022 USA Kentucky L. alexanderi M WKUC530-23 24 May 2022 USA Kentucky L. alexanderi M WKUC531-23 24 May 2022 USA Kentucky L. alexanderi F WKUC532-23 24 May 2022 USA Kentucky L. alexanderi F WKUC533-23 24 May 2022 USA Kentucky L. alexanderi M WKUC534-23 23 May 2020 USA Maryland L. alexanderi M WKUC535-23 23 May 2020 USA Maryland L. alexanderi M WKUC536-23 29 May 2020 USA Maryland L. alexanderi M WKUC537-23 29 May 2020 USA Maryland L. alexanderi M WKUC538-23 29 May 2020 USA Maryland L. alexanderi M WKUC520-23 15 May 2023 USA Virginia L. alexanderi M WKUC521-23 15 May 2023 USA Virginia L. alexanderi F WKUC522-23 15 May 2023 USA Virginia L. alexanderi F WKUC523-23 15 May 2023 USA Virginia L. alexanderi M WKUC524-23 15 May 2023 USA Virginia L. alexanderi M WKUC525-23 15 May 2023 USA Virginia L. alexanderi F WKUC526-23 15 May 2023 USA Virginia L. alexanderi F WKUC527-23 15 May 2023 USA Virginia L. biloba M PKSTO068-08 9 July 2007 USA North Carolina L. biloba F WKUC542-33 11 June 2016 USA Georgia L. biloba F WKUC543-33 11 June 2016 USA Georgia L. biloba F WKUC544-23 11 June 2016 USA Georgia L. biloba F WKUC545-23 11 June 2016 USA Georgia L. mitchellensis M BKSTO404-11 14 April 2010 USA North Carolina L. mitchellensis M BKSTO405-11 14 April 2010 USA North Carolina L. mitchellensis M BKSTO406-11 14 April 2010 USA North Carolina L. mitchellensis F WKUC044-20 10 June 2019 USA North Carolina L. mitchellensis F WKUC045-20 10 June 2019 USA North Carolina L. mitchellensis F WKUC046-20 10 June 2019 USA North Carolina L. mitchellensis F WKUC047-20 26 July 2019 USA North Carolina L. mitchellensis F WKUC048-20 26 July 2019 USA North Carolina L. mitchellensis F WKUC049-20 26 July 2019 USA North Carolina L. mitchellensis M WKUC050-20 10 June 2019 USA North Carolina L. mitchellensis M WKUC051-20 10 June 2019 USA North Carolina L. mitchellensis M WKUC499-23 10 June 2019 USA North Carolina L. mitchellensis * M PKSTO035-08 25 May 2007 USA North Carolina L. monticola M WKUC504-23 15 April 2023 USA Tennessee L. monticola M WKUC505-23 15 April 2023 USA Tennessee L. monticola F WKUC506-23 15 April 2023 USA Tennessee L. monticola F WKUC507-23 15 April 2023 USA Tennessee L. monticola F WKUC511-23 15 April 2023 USA Tennessee L. monticola M WKUC512-23 16 April 2023 USA Tennessee L. nephophila A SMSTO172-07 16 May 2007 USA Tennessee L. nephophila A SMSTO173-07 16 May 2007 USA Tennessee L. nephophila M WKUC562-23 7 July 2015 USA North Carolina L. nephophila M WKUC563-23 7 July 2015 USA North Carolina L. nephophila M WKUC576-23 26 May 2014 USA North Carolina L. pinhoti M WKUC573-23 13 April 2012 USA Alabama Leuctra duplicata group L. duplicata M BKSTO130-08 22 May 2008 USA New York L. duplicata A BKSTO131-08 22 May 2008 USA New York L. duplicata A BKSTO132-08 22 May 2008 USA New York L. duplicata A BKSTO133-08 22 May 2008 USA New York L. duplicata M CBSTO138-10 9 June 2009 Canada Nova Scotia L. duplicata F CBSTO139-10 9 June 2009 Canada Nova Scotia L. duplicata M MDA086-08 16 May 2004 USA Virginia L. maria M OPPEC5177-17 12 June 2014 Canada Ontario L. maria M OPPEC5178-17 12 June 2014 Canada Ontario L. maria M OPPEC5179-17 12 June 2014 Canada Ontario L. maria M OPPEC5180-17 12 June 2014 Canada Ontario L. maria M OPPEC5189-17 12 June 2014 Canada Ontario L. maria M OPPEE3411-17 10 July 2014 Canada Ontario L. maria M OPPEE3412-17 10 July 2014 Canada Ontario Leuctra ferruginea group L. ferruginea M WKUC597-23 4 August 2021 USA New Hampshire L. ferruginea F WKUC598-23 4 August 2021 USA New Hampshire L. ferruginea F WKUC599-23 4 August 2021 USA New Hampshire L. ferruginea M WKUC602-23 15 June 2019 USA Tennessee L. ferruginea M WKUC603-23 15 June 2019 USA Tennessee L. ferruginea F WKUC604-23 15 June 2019 USA Tennessee L. ferruginea F WKUC605-23 15 June 2019 USA Tennessee L. rickeri M WKUC629-23 18 May 2019 USA Illinois L. rickeri M WKUC630-23 18 May 2019 USA Illinois L. rickeri F WKUC631-23 18 May 2019 USA Illinois L. rickeri F WKUC632-23 18 May 2019 USA Illinois Leuctra grandis group L. alta A GLMCR075-19 2 March 2012 USA Illinois L. alta A GLMCR076-19 2 March 2012 USA Illinois L. alta M WKUC205-20 21 April 2019 USA Kentucky L. alta M WKUC206-20 21 April 2019 USA Kentucky L. alta M WKUC207-20 21 April 2019 USA Kentucky L. grandis M CNFNE048-14 5 July 2013 Canada Quebec L. grandis M PKSTO028-08 10 April 2007 USA Tennessee L. grandis M PKSTO127-08 9 June 2006 USA Tennessee L. grandis M PKSTO139-08 19 April 2007 USA Tennessee L. grandis M PKSTO140-08 19 April 2007 USA Tennessee L. sibleyi M CBSTO035-10 9 July 2009 Canada Nova Scotia L. sibleyi M CBSTO036-10 9 July 2009 Canada Nova Scotia L. sibleyi M CBSTO037-10 9 July 2009 Canada Nova Scotia L. sibleyi M CBSTO038-10 9 July 2009 Canada Nova Scotia L. sibleyi M CBSTO039-10 9 July 2009 Canada Nova Scotia L. sibleyi F CBOST161-10 11 June 2009 Canada Nova Scotia L. sibleyi F CBOST170-10 12 June 2009 Canada Nova Scotia L. sibleyi F CBOST182-10 10 June 2009 Canada Nova Scotia L. sibleyi A CNBRB552-14 7 June 2013 Canada Nova Scotia L. sibleyi A CNBRB553-14 7 June 2013 Canada Nova Scotia L. sibleyi A CNBRL117-14 24 June 2013 Canada Nova Scotia L. sibleyi A CNBRN038-14 14 July 2013 Canada Nova Scotia L. sibleyi A MDA731-09 14 May 1994 USA North Carolina L. sibleyi A MDA736-09 17 April 2001 USA West Virginia L. sibleyi A MDA737-09 30 May 2000 USA West Virginia L. sibleyi A SMSTO124-07 16 May 2007 USA Tennessee Leuctra tenuis group L. schusteri M WKUC252-20 7 September 2019 USA Kentucky L. schusteri M WKUC253-20 7 September 2019 USA Kentucky L. schusteri F WKUC254-20 27 October 2019 USA Kentucky L. schusteri M WKUC257-20 5 October 2019 USA Kentucky L. schusteri M WKUC258-20 5 October 2019 USA Kentucky L. schusteri M WKUC259-20 5 October 2019 USA Kentucky L. schusteri F WKUC260-20 5 October 2019 USA Kentucky L. schusteri F WKUC261-20 5 October 2019 USA Kentucky L. schusteri F WKUC262-20 5 October 2019 USA Kentucky Ungrouped species L. crossi M WKUC559-23 11 April 2012 USA Alabama L. crossi M WKUC561-23 11 April 2012 USA Alabama L. moha M WKUC010-20 6 November 2019 USA South Carolina L. moha M WKUC012-20 6 November 2019 USA South Carolina L. moha F WKUC013-20 6 November 2019 USA South Carolina L. moha F WKUC015-20 6 November 2019 USA South Carolina Outgroup L. hippopus F NOEPT250-13 18 March 2010 Belgium Limburg L. hippopus F NOEPT286-15 6 April 2009 Italy Veneto L. hippopus M NOEPT302-15 19 June 2010 Norway Finnmark L. hippopus M NOEPT281-15 23 April 2011 Norway Hedmark L. hippopus F NOEPT291-15 18 June 1993 Spain Castilla-La Mancha The mtCOI sequence data were analyzed with tree- and genetic distance-based phylogenetic analyses. A Maximum Likelihood (ML) analysis was performed in IQ-Tree (Nguyen et al. 2015 ) with the following parameters: ultrafast bootstrap analysis, 1,000 bootstrap alignments, and 1,000 maximum iterations. Statistical node support was estimated using the Shimodaira-Hasegawa approximate likelihood ratio test with 1,000 replicates (SH-aLRT; Shimodaira and Hasegawa 1999 ) and ultrafast bootstraps with 1,000 replicates (UFBoot; Hoang et al. 2018 ). Node values with SH-aLRT > 80% and UFBoot > 95% are considered to represent strong clade support. Trees were manipulated for visualization in FigTree v1.4.4 and text overlaid in Adobe Photoshop Elements 2.0. Pairwise genetic dissimilarity values were calculated in MEGA11 using the Kimura 2-parameter model of nucleotide substitution with the complete codon position deletion option. Intraspecific and interspecific dissimilarity values were calculated to assess if a barcode gap was present focusing mainly between L. alexanderi and L. monticola , but also with each of the other species included in this analysis. Results Systematics Over 3,220 adults were examined during this study, specifically as 2886 L. alexanderi and 335 L. monticola (Table 2 ). The tree- and genetic distance-based phylogenetic analyses revealed similar patterns of evolutionary relatedness. The L. biloba group was recovered as a monophyletic group, but together with the inclusion of L. alta James, 1974, with strong nodal support (99%, 100%; Fig. 1 ). Leuctra alta is a member of the L. grandis group and was represented in this study by five individuals from central Kentucky and southern Illinois. Leuctra monticola was recovered as a monophyletic group with strong support (99.7%, 100%, Fig. 1 ) and placed as a sister species of L. alta with good support (90%, 96%; Fig. 1 ). Leuctra alexanderi was composed of 26 sequences from five US states and likewise recovered as a monophyletic group with strong support (100%, 100%, Fig. 1 ), yet distant from L. monticola on the ML tree. Table 2 Summary of all Leuctra alexanderi Hanson, 1941 and L. monticola Hanson, 1941 specimens examined during this study. AL = Alabama, GA = Georgia, KY = Kentucky, MD = Maryland, NC = North Carolina, NY = New York, OH = Ohio, PA = Pennsylvania, SC = South Carolina, TN = Tennessee, VA = Virginia, VT = Vermont, WV = West Virginia. Species State # records (= vials) # unique localities # adult specimens alexanderi AL 4 3 27 GA 2 2 19 KY 22 21 161 MD 58 52 571 NC 24 23 116 NY 1 1 1 OH 4 3 89 PA 17 17 39 SC 6 5 36 TN 18 18 104 VA 86 77 1162 WV 48 30 561 monticola TN 12 7 335 Sums 301 251 3221 There were several other notable findings revealed by the Maximum Likelihood analysis, but we see these as tentative until more individuals of additional species are included. Leuctra biloba was not recovered as a single clade. One individual from western North Carolina grouped on its own while four females from north Georgia clustered in a separate clade. The north Georgia specimens were collected with one associated male, which failed to sequence, but we feel confident the female specimens represent the same species. Which specimen(s) represents the “true” L. biloba is in question since the type locality for this species is in north Georgia but also in close geographic proximity to neighboring western North Carolina. Although L. pinhoti was only represented by one individual, its sequence firmly within the L. biloba group provides good evidence for the inclusion in this species group. Similarly, there is good evidence that previously unplaced L. crossi is also a member of the L. biloba group. Two individuals of L. crossi grouped with L. pinhoti and the four Georgia L. biloba individuals with strong support (99%, 99%; Fig. 1 ) within the broader L. biloba group. This study, however, provided no support for the L. grandis group. As noted above, L. alta grouped with L. monticola with good support. Five individuals of L. grandis from Quebec and Tennessee were well supported as a monophyletic group (99.9%, 100%; Fig. 1 ), but were basal to the Nearctic Leuctra tree overall. Leuctra sibleyi was split between two well-supported but geographically overlapping clades. One group (99%, 99%; Fig. 1 ) was made up of one and two individuals from North Carolina and West Virginia, respectively. The second group (99.5%, 100%; Fig. 1 ) was based on 13 individuals from Nova Scotia and one from east Tennessee. Maximum intraspecific dissimilarity for L. alexanderi and L. monticola were 3.4% and 2.5%, respectively (Table 3 ). In contrast, the minimum interspecific dissimilarity between these two species was 12.9% (Table 3 ), representing a prominent barcode gap. The closest genetic neighbor to L. monticola was L. alta , with a narrow range of interspecific divergence values of 8.2–9.0%. In contrast, minimum interspecific dissimilarity between L. monticola and the other members of the L. biloba group ranged from 11.6–14.0% (Table 3 ). Minimum interspecific dissimilarity between L. alexanderi and the other members of the L. biloba group was moderately higher as compared to L. monticola (Table 3 ). Table 3 Ranges of intraspecific (all species) and interspecific genetic dissimilarity values (vs. L. alexanderi and L. monticola), presented as a %. n = number of mtCOI sequences per species, OG = outgroup. Species n Intraspecific Interspecific L. alexanderi 26 0.0–3.4 12.9–15.9% L. monticola 6 0.0–2.5 Interspecific ( L. alexanderi ) Interspecific ( L. monticola ) L. biloba group L. biloba 5 12.2–16.2 11.6–17.8 L. mitchellensis 13 13.9–19.3 11.8–14.3 L. nephophila 5 12.3–15.3 11.9–14.0 L. pinhoti 1 13.7–14.8 13.9–15.1 L. duplicata group L. duplicata 7 18.2–22.0 13.7–16.2 L. maria 7 18.3–19.4 15.2–15.9 L. ferruginea group L. ferruginea 7 17.3–20.3 15.1–17.5 L. rickeri 4 16.3–19.4 15.5–17.7 L. grandis group L. alta 5 14.1–16.0 8.2–9.0 L. grandis 5 14.7–20.7 17.4–20.4 L. sibleyi 16 17.8–20.9 12.9–15.5 L. tenuis group L. schusteri 9 17.4–21.5 15.1–17.3 Ungrouped L. crossi 2 13.6–15.6 12.8–14.4 L. moha 4 17.4–21.5 15.1–17.3 L. hippopus (OG) 5 19.1–22.4 18.7–22.9 Taxonomy Leuctra alexanderi Hanson, 1941 Anakeesta Needlefly (Fig. 2 ) Leuctra alexanderi Hanson 1941b :175. Holotype male (USNM), small stream along the Over-the Mountain Highway, near Anakeesta Ridge, Great Smoky Mountains, [Sevier Co.], Tennessee, [USA] – new species description Leuctra alexanderi : Illies, 1966 :79 – catalog Leuctra alexanderi : Kondratieff and Voshell, 1979 :245 – state checklist (Virginia) Leuctra alexanderi : Tarter and Kirchner, 1980 :50 – state checklist (West Virginia) Leuctra alexanderi : Stark et al., 1986 :386 – North America checklist (USA) Leuctra alexanderi : Kondratieff and Kirchner, 1987 :27 – state checklist (Virginia) Leuctra alexanderi : Griffith and Perry, 1992 :284 – checklist (Fernow Experimental Forest, Monongahela National Forest, West Virginia) Leuctra alexanderi : Grubbs, 1996 :284 – checklist (Powdermill Nature Reserve, Pennsylvania) Leuctra alexanderi : Masteller, 1996 :111 – county records, checklist (Pennsylvania) Leuctra alexanderi : Grubbs, 1997 :75 – state checklist (Maryland) Leuctra alexanderi : Harper and Harper, 1997 :470 – partial illustrations of adult male Leuctra alexanderi : Earle, 2003 :173 – watershed record (Pennsylvania) Leuctra alexanderi : Earle, 2004a :102 – watershed record (Pennsylvania) Leuctra alexanderi : Earle, 2004b :199 – state checklist (Pennsylvania) Leuctra alexanderi : DeWalt and Heinold, 2005 :40 – Great Smoky Mountains National Park (Tennessee) Leuctra alexanderi : Tarter and Nelson, 2006 :432 – county records, drainage records, checklist (West Virginia) Leuctra alexanderi : Tarter et al., 2006 :2 – state checklist (Kentucky) Leuctra alexanderi : Earle, 2009 :174 – distributional notes (Pennsylvania) Leuctra alexanderi : Tarter and Nelson, 2010 :160 – county records (West Virginia) Leuctra alexanderi : DeWalt et al., 2012 :7 – faunal assessment and checklist (Ohio) Leuctra alexanderi : Tarter et al., 2015 :13 - state checklist (Kentucky) Leuctra alexanderi : Beaty 2015 :18 – state checklist (North Carolina) Leuctra alexanderi : DeWalt et al., 2016 :49 – geographic atlas (Ohio) Leuctra alexanderi : Kondratieff et al., 2017 :25 – state checklist (Virginia) Leuctra alexanderi : Parker et al., 2007 : 170 – checklist (Great Smoky Mountains National Park) Leuctra alexanderi : Verdone et al., 2017 :42 – state checklist (Georgia) Leuctra alexanderi : Grubbs, 2018 :76 – state checklist (Maryland) Leuctra alexanderi : Hogan and Grubbs, 2022 :400 – elevation patterns, state checklist (Maryland) Leuctra alexanderi : Myers et al., 2025 :14 – state geographic atlas (New York) Leuctra alexanderi DeWalt et al. 2025 – electronic catalog Distribution. USA: Georgia, Kentucky, Maryland, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia (DeWalt et al. 2025 ), North Carolina (Beaty 2015 ; this study), New York (Myers et al. 2025 ), Alabama, South Carolina, (new state records) Material examined. USA . Alabama, DeKalb Co. , West Fork Little River, lodge, DeSoto State Park, 34.58690, -85.59050, 10 May 2006, J.L. Robinson, 3 males (WKUC). Georgia, Dade Co. , tributary to creek, across Rt. 189, 1.7 mi N Jct. 189/136, nr. New Salem, 34.82821, -85.45908, 1 May 1991, C.H. Nelson, 4 males, 13 females (CHNC); Towns Co. , Soapstone Creek, Rt. 180, jct. Owl Creek Rd., Chattahoochie National Forest, 34.85415, -83.78099, 2 June 1994, C.H. Nelson, 1 male, 1 female (CHNC). Kentucky, Floyd Co. , Shades Branch, Jenny Wiley State Park, 37.68693, -82.70111, 12 May 2000, B.C. Kondratieff, 3 males, 5 females (WKUC); Harlan Co. , Left Fork Martins Fork, 36.68486, -83.41396, 5 May 2016, R. Roberts and K. Bowling, 1 male, 3 females (WKUC); Jackson Co. , War Fork, Turkey Foot Campground, Daniel Boone National Forest, 37.46737, -83.91748, 14 May 1994, R.W. Baumann and S.M. Clark, 2 males (BYUC); Letcher Co. , tributary to Big Branch, Rte. 1103, 37.07805, -82.98389, 21 May 2006, B.P. Stark and I. Sivec, 5 males (BPSC); McCreary Co. , Kilburn Fork, junction of Laurel Fork of Indian Creek, Hwy 1045, 36.81469, -84.38267, 12 May 1988, B.C. Kondratieff, 1 male, 1 female (WKUC); Menifee Co. , tributary Sal Branch, Osborne Bend Trail, Daniel Boone National Forest, 37.83557, -83.59227, 24 May 2022, S.A. Grubbs, SAG-044-22, 4 males, 3 females (WKUC; 2 males, 2 females sequenced); Rowan Co. , Ramey Creek, above Cave Run Lake, 38.10470, -83.44908, 16 May 1990, R.W. Baumann and R.F. Kirchner, 3 males (BYUC); Whitley Co. , Dog Slaughter Creek, junction Little Dog Slaughter Creek, 36.85937, -84.30079, 11 May 1988, B.C. Kondratieff, 1 male (WKUC). Maryland, Allegany Co. , tributary to Deep Run, Deep Run Hiking Trail, Green Ridge State Forest, 39.64452, -78.46400, 9 June 2020, P.N. Hogan, PNH-269-20, 20 males (WKUC); Garrett Co. , spring into Swamp Run, Swamp Rd., 0.7 mi E Westernport Rd., Savage River State Forest, 39.57996, -79.05999, 5 July 1996, S.A. Grubbs, 65 males, 1 female (WKUC); Washington Co. , tributary to the Potomac River, Sideling Hill Wildlife Management Area, 39.63865, -78.32380, 11 June 2020, P.N. Hogan, PNH-281-20, 1 male (WKUC). New York, Tioga Co. , 3 mi E Jenksville, 42.27147, -76.19867, 6 June 1991, M.F. Whiting, 1 male (BYUC). North Carolina, Avery Co. , creek, below culvert, MP 304.8, UTM Z17S 426303E 3994328N, 36.09078, -81.81863, 22 July 2005, C.R. Parker, 2 males, 4 females (BLRI 24246); Graham Co. , Grassy Branch, Slick Rock Rd.. 35.41668, -83.96640, 27 May 2018, C. Verdone, 3 females (NCDWR); Haywood Co. , Ball Branch, Old Cataloochee Turnpike, Great Smoky Mountains National Park, 35.71817, -83.09251, 25 May 2016, C.J. Verdone and B.C. Kondratieff, 4 males, 1 female (CSUIC); Jackson Co. , seeps into Mull Creek, Rte. 1737, 35.35655, -83.02383, 23 May 1993, B.C. Kondratieff and R.F. Kirchner, 4 males (WKUC); Macon Co. , Robin Branch, Wayah Bald, 35.16832, -83.58465, 20 May 2009, B.P. Stark, 2 males (BPSC); McDowell Co. , tributary to Curtis Creek, SR 1227, 35.65580, -82.17140, 30 April 2019, C. Verdone, S. Beaty, L. Housley, 1 male (NCDWR); Swain Co. , Wild Cherry Branch, Hwy 441, Great Smoky Mountains National Park, 35.59323, -83.38721, C.J. Verdone and B.C. Kondratieff, 26 males (CSUIC); Transylvania Co. , [Pigeon Branch] South Fork Mill River, Forest Service Rd. off Rte. 276, 35.35848, -82.77840, 8 July 1981, B.C. Kondratieff, 1 male (WKUC); Watauga Co. , seep near Boone Fork, Blue Ridge Parkway, 36.11982, -81.78123, 25 May 2016, C.J. Verdone and B.C. Kondratieff, 16 males, 8 females (CSUIC). Ohio, Belmont Co. , tributary Belmont Lake, Barkcamp State Park, 40.05718, -81.03859, 3 June 1989, R.W. Baumann and R.F. Kirchner, 3 males, 4 females (BYUC); Portage Co. , Porter Road Spring, West Branch State Park, 41.11341, -81.12206, 15 May 1979, R. Hunt, 24 males, 32 females (two vials; BYUC). Pennsylvania, Armstrong Co. , tributary Lindsay Run, 12 km ENE Apollo, 40.61116, -79.39439, 19 May 1999, S.A. Grubbs, 3 males, 4 females (WKUC); Bradford Co. , Little Schrader Creek, Sunfish Pond Rd., PA-SGL #12, 41.63735, -76.67249, 500 m asl, 2025-VI-23, R.E. DeWalt, RED-2025-080, sweepnet, 1 male, 1 female (INHS Insect Collection 1545337); Clarion Co. , Cathers Run, upstream mouth, 41.30233, -79.16934, 22 June 2009, S. Harris, 1 male (CSUIC); Crawford Co. , seep, Tryon-Webber Woods, Western Pennsylvania Conservancy, 41.59401, -80.35457, S.A. Grubbs, 3 males, 3 females (WKUC); Fayette Co. , Jonathan Run, 1.4 km N of Jonathan Run Falls, Ohiopyle State Park, 39.89275, -79.49911, 14 June 2019, P. Woods, F19woo30-08, 1 male, 2 females (WKUC) ; McKean Co. , seeps entering Kinzua Creek, Rte. 321, < 1 km S Red Bridge Campground, 41.77620, -78.88785, 18 June 1997, R.W. Baumann and B.C. Kondratieff, 2 males (BYUC); Mercer Co. , Sugar Run, Bucklick Rd., 41.87112, -78.80459, 21C-VI-2025, R. E. DeWalt, RED-2025-073, 3 males (INHS Insect Collection 1545138); Warren Co. , tributary W. Br. Tionesta Creek, PA-SGL #29, 41.74524, -79.19044, 441 m asl, 2025-VI-21, R.E. DeWalt, RED-2025-071, beating sheet, 2 males, (INHS Insect Collection 1545276); Wayne Co. , East Branch [Dyberry Creek], SR 1023, 41.69141, -75.28727, 30 May 1996, B.C. Kondratieff, 1 male (WKUC). Westmoreland Co. , Powdermill Run, Powdermill Nature Reserve, 40.15171, -79.27028, 13 June 1993, S.A. Grubbs, 1 male (WKUC). South Carolina, Oconee Co. , Wash Creek, 2 mi NE Cheohee, Sumter National Forest, 34.92107, -83.09527, 24 May 1993, C.H. Nelson, B.C. Kondratieff, and R.F. Kirchner, 9 males, 6 females (CHNC). Tennessee, Carter Co. , Roan Mountain State Park, 36.16828, -82.09666, 2 June 2001, J. Ensminger, 18 males (WKUC); Cumberland Co. , small stream [tributary to South Fork Elmore Creek], 2 mi N of Adams Bridge on Obed River, Hwy 298, 36.07870, -84.95309, 13 May 1988, B.C. Kondratieff, 1 male (WKUC); Marion Co. , tributary South Fork Suck Creek, 5.4 km WNW Signal Mountain, TN 27, UTM Z16 646450E, 3890380N, 35.14567, -85.39231, 17 April 1997, R.E. DeWalt, REDeWalt-1997-42, 4 males, 3 females (INHS); Polk Co. , Goforth Creek, US 64, Cherokee National Forest, UTM Z16 726580E, 3885020N, 35.08419, -84.51469, 17 April 1997, REDeWalt-1997-44, 1 male (INHS); Scott Co. , small stream, Leatherwood Crossing, Big South Fork Cumberland River, Big South Fork National Recreation Area, 36.47701, -84.66591, 12 May 1988, R.W. Baumann, R.F. Kirchner, B.C. Kondratieff and C.R. Nelson, 27 males, 9 females (BYUC); Sequatchie Co. , [Little?] Brush Creek, N Dunlap, 35.40323, -85.39057, 12 May 2000, B.C. Kondratieff and R.F. Kirchner, 2 males, 2 females (WKUC); [Sevier Co.] , Fighting Creek Gap, Gatlinburg, [Great Smoky Mountains National Park], 35.67639, -83.56544, 15 May 1939, 4 males (INHS Plecoptera 8054); Union Co. , stream, along Ghost House Trail, Big Ridge State Park, 36.25039, -83.92902, 25 April 1998, D.A. Etnier, 1 male (WKUC); Van Buren Co. , Rock House Creek, Falls Creek State Park, 35.66400, -85.34524, 13 May 1988, R.W. Baumann, R.F. Kirchner, B.C. Kondratieff and C.R. Nelson, 1 male (BYUC). Virginia, Bedford Co. , headwater Goose Creek, Rte. 695, 37.44794, -79.65906, C.J. Verdone and B.C. Kondratieff, 1 male, 1 female (CSUIC); Bland Co. , spring tributary to Laurel Creek, Co. Rd. 625, 37.02774, -81.44032, 27 May 2016, C.J. Verdone and B.C. Kondratieff, 3 males (CSUIC); Botetourt Co. , spring-fed stream, Blue Ridge Parkway, 37.39235, -79.83864, 31 May 2016, C.J. Verdone and B.C. Kondratieff, 1 male (CSUIC); Craig Co. , seeps into Barbours Creek, Co. Rd. 617, Potts Jeep Trail, 37.63398, -80.05481, 10 June 2016, C.J. Verdone and B.C. Kondratieff, 9 males, 3 females (CSUIC); Floyd Co. , spring-fed stream, Blue Ridge Parkway, E. of Mt. Olivet Church, 37.11577, -80.12949, 31 May 2016, C.J. Verdone and B.C. Kondratieff, 11 males, 14 females (CSUIC); Giles Co. , tributary to Big Stony Creek, Rte 613, 37.44849, -80.51680, 17 May 2022, C. Verdone, S. Beaty, V. Holland, 32 males, 23 females (NCDWR); Grayson Co. , series of springs and spring-fed streams into Lewis Fork, off Mt. Rogers Trail, off Rte. 603, 36.67723, -81.52395, 20 June 1981, B.C. Kondratieff, 4 males, 1 female (WKUC); Greene Co. , Devils Ditch Spring, Bearfence Shelter, Shenandoah National Park, 38.44370, -78.47034, 2 June 2016, C.J. Verdone, B.C. Kondratieff, and S. Roble, 2 males (CSUIC); Madison Co. , Robinson River, Co. Rd. 600, 38.52717, -78.35015, 2 June 2016, C.J. Verdone, B.C. Kondratieff, and S. Roble, 1 male (CSUIC); Montgomery Co. , spring tributary to Craig Creek, Co. Rd. 621, 0.25 mi N of Hwy 460, 37.29070, -80.45221, 28 May 2016, C.J. Verdone and B.C. Kondratieff, 35 males, 1 female (CSUIC); Nelson Co. , tributary to South [North?] Fork Tye River, Rte. 687, 37.89031, -79.06091, 24 May 1980, T. Williams, 1 male (WKUC); Roanoke Co. , spring tributary to Wolf Creek, Blue Ridge Parkway, 37.27794, -79.85468, 31 May 2016, C.J. Verdone and B.C. Kondratieff, 1 male, 5 females (CSUIC); Rockingham Co. , Deep Run, Co. Rd. 708, 38.27972, -78.76374, 3 June 2016, C.J. Verdone, B.C. Kondratieff, and S. Roble, 1 male (CSUIC); Scott Co. , tributary Big Oak Branch, FR 619, Jefferson National Forest, 36.87509, -82.61603, 15 May 2023, S.A. Grubbs, SAG-045-23, 38 males, 13 females (WKUC; 2 males, 2 females sequenced); Smyth Co. , Nicks Creek, Rte 622, 36.82972, -81.41570, 12 May 2017, C.J. Verdone, B.C. Kondratieff, J. Richards, and R. Agbalog, 1 male, 3 females (CSUIC); Tazewell Co. , Station Spring, CR 666, Burkes Garden, 37.10065, -81.37010, 28 May 1992, B.C. Kondratieff and R.F. Kirchner, 19 males, 19 females (WKUC); Washington Co. , Little Moccasin Creek, Rte. 690, immediately below Carolina Climbers Coalition parking lot, Jefferson National Forest, 36.83564, -82.08655, 16 May 2023, S.A. Grubbs, SAG-052-23, 18 males, 14 females (WKUC); Wise Co. , Right Fork Bearpen Creek, Rte 666, 37.16424, -82.57796, 3 May 2017, C.J. Verdone and B.C. Kondratieff, 1 male (CSUIC); Wythe Co. , spring into East Fork Stony Fork, Rte 717, 37.01387, -81.15414, 27 May 2024, C. Verdone, R. Verdone, 2 males, 1 female (NCDWR). West Virginia, Fayette Co. , stream, junction New River, Hwy 16, across river from Cotton Hill, 38.11390, -81.14120, 14 May 1991, S.M. Clark, 15 males, 10 females (BYUC); Gilmer Co. , small tributary of Cedar Creek, Cedar Creek State Park, 38.89030, -80.85190, 15 June 1994, S.M. Clark, 2 males (BYUC); Greenbrier Co. , springs to Pheasant Hollow, nr. Summit Lake, Monongahela National Forest, 38.24950, -80.41920, 2 June 1992, B.C. Kondratieff and R.F. Kirchner, 11 males (WKUC); Hardy Co. , 5 km SW Lost City, 38.88862, -78.85429, 15 May–4 June 1994, Henry et al., 5 males, 2 females (WKUC); Kanawha Co. , Buzzard Branch, Hwy I-77, 38.11810, -81.38500, 16 May 1994, R.W. Baumann and B.C. Kondratieff, 4 males, 7 females (two vials, BYUC, WKUC); Mingo Co. , Laurel Creek, 2 km S Dingess, 37.85427, -82.18132, 21 May 1992, B.C. Kondratieff and R.F. Kirchmer, 1 male (WKUC); Morgan Co. , Middle Fork Indian Run, Cacapon State Park, 39.50170, -78.30840, 14 May 1992, S.M. Clark, 39 males, 24 females (BYUC); Nicholas Co. , North Fork Cherry River, 1.5 mi NE Richwood, 38.24690, -80.52510, 8 June 1990, S.M. Clark and S.A. Wells, 3 males, 2 females (BYUC); Pocahontas Co. , Williams River, junction Rte. 150 and Rd. 86, 38.33127, -80.22208, 14 May 1990, B.C. Kondratieff and R.F. Kirchner, 2 males (WKUC); Raleigh Co. , tributary of Little Beaver Lake, Little Beaver State Park, 37.74920, -81.08460, 25 May 1990, R.W. Baumann and S.M. Clark, 120 males (BYUC); Randolph Co. , tributary Buckhannon River, Pickens, 38.65240, -80.20740, 7 July 1992, S.M. Clark, 2 males (BYUC); Taylor Co. , small tributaries of Tygarts Creek, Valley Falls State Park, 39.38500, -90.08800, 13 May 1993, S.M. Clark, 4 males (two vials; BYUC); Tucker Co. , Wilson Hollow Run, Fernow Experimental Forest, Monongahela National Forest, 39.06249, -79.67373, 18 May 1994, R.M. Duffield, 94-V-18-4A, 3 males, 2 females (CHNC). Amended descriptions. Male. The dorsal abdominal process is directed slightly dorsally (Fig. 2 a) and extends ca. ½ length across the 8th tergum and terminates as a bilobed process with slightly-produced, subtruncate lobes (Figs. 2 b– 2 c). The distance between the lobes is approximately equal to lobe width. The specilla are broad basally in lateral view and taper little distally (Figs. 2 d, 2 f). The outer margin has low, rounded tubercles present along the outer distal ½ (Figs. 2 d– 2 f). The specilla are distally sinuous in dorsal view (Fig. 2 e). The subanal lobes are basally narrow, mildly sinuous, and recurved anteriorly in the distal ½ (Figs. 2 d– 2 e). The vesicle is constricted basally, expanded and widest in distal ¼ and rounded apically (Fig. 2 g). Female. The subgenital plate lobes are broadly convex distally, rounded medially and laterally, and separated by a u-shaped notch approximately ¾ the width of each lobe (Fig. 2 h). Comments. Although the holotype was not located during a visit to USNM in December 2024, we are confident with the morphologic concept of this species. Leuctra alexanderi is the only member of the L. biloba group distributed northward from the southern Appalachian Mountains, known currently from 12 US states and eight USEPA Level III Ecoregions (Fig. 5 ). In contrast, the other members of the L. biloba group have comparatively small distributional ranges as follows: L. biloba – north Georgia and northwestern South Carolina north to Virginia and West Virginia; L. mitchellensis – western North Carolina, mainly from the vicinity of Craggy Gardens north to Roan Highlands; L. monticola – east Tennessee (see below); L. nephophila – east Tennessee and western North Carolina; L. pinhoti – Talladega Mountain region of eastern Alabama (Hanson 1941a , 1941b ; Grubbs and Sheldon 2018 ; DeWalt et al. 2025 ; Grubbs unpublished data). We anticipate that L. alexanderi will also be collected from several additional US states, namely Connecticut, Delaware, and New Jersey (Fig. 5 ). Leuctra alexanderi occupies a broad range of elevations from 197–1442 m (646–4731 ft) ASL. For example, the type locality is in east Tennessee in Great Smoky Mountains National Park (Fig. 5 ; Hanson 1941b ) and likely refers to a tributary of the West Prong Little Pigeon River along U.S. 441 (= Newfound Gap Road) since Anakeesta Ridge is a high elevation, late Precambrian-age formation located between Mt. LeConte and Newfound Gap (King et al. 1958 ). Leuctra alexanderi sequences analyzed in this study included four individuals from a small stream at 1118 m (3668 ft) ASL south of High Knob in southwestern Virginia in the general vicinity where specimens were previously collected and determined as L. monticola . In contrast, L. alexanderi has also been collected from low-elevation, previously glaciated landscapes in northeastern Ohio, northwestern Pennsylvania, and southern New York (Fig. 5 ). Leuctra monticola Hanson, 1941 Mountain Needlefly (Figs. 3 – 4 ) Leuctra monticola Hanson 1941a :61. Holotype male (USNM, USNMENT 01883959 – examined; Figs. 3 a– 3 b), Cades Cove, Great Smoky Mountains, [Blount Co.], Tennessee, [USA] – new species description Leuctra monticola : Illies, 1966 :100 – catalog Leuctra monticola : Kondratieff and Voshell, 1979 :245 – checklist (Virginia) Leuctra monticola : Stark et al., 1986 :386 – checklist (USA) Leuctra monticola : Kondratieff and Kirchner, 1987 :27 – checklist (Virginia) Leuctra monticola : Harper and Harper, 1997 :470 – partial illustrations of adult male Leuctra monticola : Parker et al., 2007 : 170 – checklist (Great Smoky Mountains National Park) Leuctra monticola : Kondratieff et al., 2017 :25 – checklist (Virginia) Leuctra monticola : Beaty 2015 :18 – checklist (North Carolina) Leuctra monticola DeWalt et al. 2025 – electronic catalog Distribution. USA: Tennessee (DeWalt et al. 2025 ) Material examined. USA , Tennessee , Blount Co. , Cades Cove, 24 April 1938, I.W. Williams, 1 male, 1 female (holotype, allotype, USNMENT 01883959); same data as previous, 4 males (paratypes, USNMENT 02032225); same data as previous, 1 male (paratype, USNMENT 02032227); same data as previous, 1 male, 1 female (paratypes, INHS Plecoptera 8148); Tallassee, 35.54718, -84.05999, 20 April 1965, D.J. Burdick, 1 male, 4 females (INHS Plecoptera 8058); small creek, Cades Cove Loop, approximately 0.5 mi from entrance, Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GRSM), 35.60717, -83.78586, 28 April 1977, C.H. Nelson and C.P. Nelson, 1 male, 5 females (CHNC); Hesse Creek and small tributary, 2.4 km SW Miller Cove, 35.69859, -83.83796, 18 April 1997, R.E. DeWalt, 14 males, 13 females (INHS); Crooked Arms Branch, Cades Cove Loop, GRSM, 35.60711, -83.78772, 15 April 2023, S.A. Grubbs and J.M. Yates, SAG-036-23, 36 males, 22 females (WKUC; 2 males, 2 females sequenced); Harrison Branch, Cades Cove Loop, GRSM, 35.60733, -83.79191, 15 April 2023, S.A. Grubbs and J.M. Yates, SAG-037-23, 40 males, 15 females (WKUC; 2 males, 2 females sequenced); tributary Hatcher Creek, Foothills Parkway, GRSM, 35.71392, -83.84403, 16 April 2023, S.A. Grubbs and J.M. Yates, SAG-042-23, 95 males, 67 females (WKUC; 2 males, 2 females sequenced); tributary Wolf Creek, Foothills Parkway, GRSM, 35.70716, -83.85948, 16 April 2023, S.A. Grubbs and J.M. Yates, SAG-043-23, 10 males, 3 females (WKUC; 2 males, 2 females sequenced). Amended descriptions. Male. The dorsal abdominal process is raised slightly in lateral view (Fig. 4 a) and terminates in divergent, prominent subtriangular lobes that occupy the middle ½ of the 8th tergum (Figs. 4 b– 4 c). The specilla are broad basally (Figs. 4 d, 4 f) with large, raised tubercles evident along the outer distal ½ (Figs. 4 d– 4 f). The subanal lobes are also broad basally, sickle-shaped, and tapering anteriorly (Figs. 4 d– 4 e). The vesicle is constricted basally, expanded and widest in distal ⅓ and rounded apically (Fig. 4 g). Female. The subgenital plate lobes are broadly convex and divergent distally, slightly angular medially and laterally, and separated by a u-shaped notch approximately ⅔ the width of each lobe (Fig. 4 h). Diagnosis. Males of L. monticola are distinguished from L. alexanderi by details of dorsal process on tergum 8, which extends beyond the posterior margin of the tergite and bears markedly larger, more divergent posterolateral lobes that extend laterally beyond the anterolateral margins of the dorsal process. (Figs. 4 b– 4 c). Males also differ in the subanal lobe, which is broad basally and evenly curved dorsally toward the apex (Fig. 4 d). In contrast, on L. alexanderi the process on tergum 8 does not extend beyond the posterior margin and the lateral lobes are scarcely produced, with the posterolateral and anterolateral extents essentially equal (Figs. 2 b– 2 c), and the subanal lobe is narrow and sinuous (Fig. 2 d). Females of L. monticola differ from L. alexanderi by having a narrower U-shaped notch in the subgenital plate, approximately ⅔ the width of the subgenital plate posterolateral lobe (Fig. 4 h). On L. alexanderi , the U-shaped notch is approximately three-quarters the width of the posterolateral lobe (Fig. 2 h). Comments. Except for state checklists (e.g., Kondratieff et al. 2017 ) and the partial illustrations of the male 8th abdominal process and right paraproct lobes presented in Harper and Harper ( 1997 , their Figs. 10, 14), this species has been nearly absent from the literature since its description 85 years ago. All specimens previously determined as L. monticola from Virginia and other states (e.g., North Carolina) now refer to L. alexanderi or potentially undescribed species. Moreover, all individuals determined as L. monticola in this study represent the only known specimens and localities of this species. Leuctra monticola is currently known only from one county (Blount) in east Tennessee from lower-elevation foothill streams both near and within Great Smoky Mountains National Park in USEPA Level III Ecoregion Blue Ridge Mountains (66), and more specifically in Level IV Ecoregions 66e (Southern Sedimentary Ridges) and 66f (Limestone Valleys and Coves) (Fig. 5 ). Although L. monticola was found to be locally abundant, the updated distribution presented here is supportive of the present NatureServe ( 2026 ) G1 global ranking (= Critically Imperiled). Elevations for L. monticola range only from 252–562 m (= 827–1844 ft) ASL. The type locality “Cades Cove” is too vague to narrow down to a single stream. Cades Cove is a low-elevation valley present in the western portion of Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Within Cades Cove is an 18 km loop road that crosses several small streams that drain to Abrams Creek. Most streams along this loop were visited by the first author in April 2023, but L. monticola was collected from only two localities. Leuctra monticola was also collected from two localities in April 2023 along the nearby Foothills Parkway near Walland, Tennessee. Although these were the only parkway localities visited, we anticipate that L. monticola is also present further northward and southward. Amphinemura nigritta (Provancher, 1876) was the only stonefly species collected with L. monticola in 2023. Discussion John Hanson was a good taxonomist (Nelson 2012 ). All seven species of eastern Nearctic Leuctridae he described in 1941 – L. alexanderi , L. maria , L. mitchellensis , L. monticola , L. nephophila , L. variabilis , and Megaleuctra williamsae – are morphologically unique and presently valid. The dorsal process of L. monticola is distinctive amongst males of the L. biloba group and easily recognizable with standard light microscopy. Yet, judging from the examination of several misidentified males included in this study, there have been difficulties since the late 1970s among Nearctic stonefly workers in differentiating between L. alexanderi and L. monticola . Although both species were described in the same year, they were placed in different papers and illustrated in different ways. Novice and expert alike could have easily misinterpreted the original illustrations of the 8th abdominal terminalia of L. alexanderi (Hanson 1941b , his Fig. 2 B) and L. monticola (Hanson 1941a , his Fig. 4 ). Moreover, neither paper included a comparative morphological diagnosis that would have permitted a reader to more easily understand the differences in male reproductive morphology between the two species. Hanson did indicate that the dorsal processes of L. alexanderi and L. monticola were “about one third” (Hanson 1941b , pg. 175) and “about one half” (Hanson 1941a , pg. 61) of the “width of the segment”, respectively, implying the uniqueness of both species. However, the illustrations of the dorsal processes and paraprocts of both species look essentially identical and mistaking one species for another, especially since the two species overlap in distribution in east Tennessee, is fully understandable. Although there have been two recent synonymies of eastern Nearctic Leuctra (Grubbs et al., 2023 , 2025), the illustrations provided herein should make correct determinations of the adult males of L. alexanderi and L. monticola much easier and more straightforward. This is especially important for species where conservation concern and management strategies are warranted. Grubbs et al. ( 2023 ) placed L. paleo Poulton & Stewart, 1991 as a junior synonym under L. szczytkoi Stark & Stewart, 1981. The latter species was once known from only four localities in northern and central Louisiana, USA (DeWalt and Stark 1996 ). This apparent rarity subsequently led to the inclusion of L. szczytkoi in a petition by the Center for Biological Diversity ( CBD 2010 ) to USFWS to consider this species as either threatened or endangered under the Endangered Species Act. Focal fieldwork in October 2020 and October 2021 and mtCOI sequencing of 69 individuals led to the synonymy and an updated and expanded distributional range of L. szczytkoi from southern Arkansas south to central Louisiana and west to east Texas (Grubbs et al. 2023 , their Fig. 3 ). Grubbs et al. ( 2025a ) used morphological-based evidence to synonymize L. laura Hitchcock, 1969, a species once known only from one adult male collected from one stream in New Hampshire, USA, under widespread and often locally abundant L. grandis . Leuctra laura was also included as an RSGCN at the start of this project (NFWD 2025). This synonymy should effectively remove L. laura from any conservation or management concern by either New Hampshire or the Northeast USFWS region. Now that there is no evidence of L. monticola from Virginia, this species should be considered for removal from future VA WAPs. The elimination of L. monticola from the Virginia faunal list, by default, also means that this species is no longer a Northeast RSGCN and not warranted for conservation or management priority at either the state or Northeast USFWS regional scale. Inclusion of L. monticola in subsequent Tennessee WAPs (TN WAP 2015 ), however, could be justified at a later date. Declarations Funding was provided, in part, under the Northeast Regional Conservation Needs (RCN) Grant Program administered by a Wildlife Management Institute subaward RCN 2023-03 through the USFWS. Karen Terwilliger (Terwilliger Consulting, Inc., Locustville, VA, USA) initiated our NE RSGCN research and encouraged us to seek USFWS funding through the Northeast Fish and Wildlife Diversity Technical Committee. Mack Frantz (West Virginia Department of Natural Resources, USA) and Dee Blanton (USFWS) kindly assisted with the proposal submission process. Paul Super (Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA) is thanked for his assistance with obtaining collecting permits. Collecting by SAG in Great Smoky Mountains National Park was authorized by permits GRSM-2014-SCI-0001, GRSM-2015-SCI-0007, and GRSM-2023-SCI-2320. Torsten Dikow, Robert Finn, and Floyd Shockley (USNM) assisted with access to the museum, helped with searching for type specimens, and answered our questions. Bill Stark, Charlie Nelson, and the late Boris Kondratieff have each provided long-term access to Nearctic Leuctra material. Richard W. Baumann and Shawn Clark (Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA) also made material through loans and space available for study at the Monte L. Bean Museum. Pete Woods (Western Pennsylvania Conservancy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA) kindly donated his collection that included specimens of L. alexanderi . The late Peter P. Harper (University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada) confirmed determinations of L. alexanderi back in the 1990s. Chuck Harp, CSUIC collection manager, is thanked for hosting RED and for the loan of specimens. The collection efforts of Phillip Hogan and Maddie Metzger, both prior graduate students at Western Kentucky University (WKU), contributed substantially to this study. Phillip Hogan also took the digital photo of the L. monticola holotype and John Andersland (WKU) kindly aided with SEM. Author Contribution All authors contributed and analyzed data, wrote and edited text, and reviewed the manuscript. S.G. and C.V. prepared digital illustrations and Figures 1-4. C.V. prepared the map (Figure 5). Acknowledgement Funding was provided, in part, under the Northeast Regional Conservation Needs (RCN) Grant Program administered by a Wildlife Management Institute subaward RCN 2023-03 through the USFWS. Karen Terwilliger (Terwilliger Consulting, Inc., Locustville, VA, USA) initiated our NE RSGCN research and encouraged us to seek USFWS funding through the Northeast Fish and Wildlife Diversity Technical Committee. Mack Frantz (West Virginia Department of Natural Resources, USA) and Dee Blanton (USFWS) kindly assisted with the proposal submission process. Paul Super (Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA) is thanked for his assistance with obtaining collecting permits. Collecting by SAG in Great Smoky Mountains National Park was authorized by permits GRSM-2014-SCI-0001, GRSM-2015-SCI-0007, and GRSM-2023-SCI-2320. Torsten Dikow, Robert Finn, and Floyd Shockley (USNM) assisted with access to the museum, helped with searching for type specimens, and answered our questions. Bill Stark, Charlie Nelson, and the late Boris Kondratieff have each provided long-term access to Nearctic Leuctra material. Richard W. Baumann and Shawn Clark (Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA) also made material through loans and space available for study at the Monte L. Bean Museum. Pete Woods (Western Pennsylvania Conservancy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA) kindly donated his collection that included specimens of L. alexanderi. The late Peter P. Harper (University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada) confirmed determinations of L. alexanderi back in the 1990s. Chuck Harp, CSUIC collection manager, is thanked for hosting RED and for the loan of specimens. The collection efforts of Phillip Hogan and Maddie Metzger, both prior graduate students at Western Kentucky University (WKU), contributed substantially to this study. Phillip Hogan also took the digital photo of the L. monticola holotype and John Andersland (WKU) kindly aided with SEM. Data Availability Data included and analyzed during the course of this study was accumulated from the peer-reviewed literature, through examination of specimens housed in institutional collections (including our own), and through gifts and loans from research colleagues. All data will be made available. References Beaty SR (2015) The Plecoptera of North Carolina: A Biologist’s Handbook for the Identification of Stonefly Nymphs with Standard Taxonomic Effort Levels. Version 4.0. North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality, Division of Water Resources, Biological Assessment Branch, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA, p 93 Brinck P (1956) Reproductive system and mating in Plecoptera. 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Grubbs","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA2ElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYFADCR4Ghg8MCSCmASG1jA0HoFoYZ5CshZmHGC3y7YePP/7AUJtvcLv38GfbtrTEBvbmbRL4tBicASo6wHDccsOdc2nSuW05iQ08x8rwa5HgMQRqOWZgcCPHjDl3W0Vig0SOGV4t8jMQWow/W4K0yL/Br4XhBlhLDUiLgTTjNqDDJHjwawH5ZcYZgwMGkkC/SPb+SzNu40krtsDrsPbDBz5UVNQZ8AFD7MOPM8my/eyHN97A6zCIXYcRbDbCysGgjkh1o2AUjIJRMCIBAMF+TXI/SBWgAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"Western Kentucky University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Scott","middleName":"A.","lastName":"Grubbs","suffix":""},{"id":619744631,"identity":"38991105-7b74-4c7e-82d2-36ced46e4ae2","order_by":1,"name":"R. Edward DeWalt","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"R.","middleName":"Edward","lastName":"DeWalt","suffix":""},{"id":619744633,"identity":"39846dbe-1c9b-4964-ae2b-2a9737b08689","order_by":2,"name":"Chris J. Verdone","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Chris","middleName":"J.","lastName":"Verdone","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2026-02-19 17:23:08","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8919716/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8919716/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":106658814,"identity":"0442d595-1615-473a-ac8b-63455539eeec","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-11 05:02:48","extension":"png","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":282590,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eMaximum likelihood tree (HKY+F+I+G4 model) of eastern Nearctic \u003cem\u003eLeuctra \u003c/em\u003eanalyzed from 128 mtCOI barcode sequences plus outgroup Palearctic \u003cem\u003eL. hippopus\u003c/em\u003e. Nodal support values for SH-aLRT (left) and UFBoot (right) analyses are separated by a comma. Support values \u0026lt;99% were rounded up or down to the nearest value. Values of SH-aLRT \u0026gt;80% and UFBoot \u0026gt;95% were subjectively considered to represent strong clade support. Scale bar indicates substitution rate as a decimal. GA = Georgia, NC = North Carolina, NS = Nova Scotia, TN = Tennessee, WV = West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"1.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8919716/v1/15eb69651b9cc74237728f90.png"},{"id":106658815,"identity":"b8200f00-7f23-43d9-a55a-e9112bc1397a","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-11 05:02:48","extension":"png","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":570991,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eLeuctra alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e, abdominal terminalia. \u003cstrong\u003ea\u003c/strong\u003e, tributary Stony Creek, Giles Co., Virginia, USA, male, lateral view; \u003cstrong\u003eb,\u003c/strong\u003etributary Stony Creek, Giles Co., Virginia, USA, male, dorsal view; c, tributary Terrapin Run, Allegany Co., Maryland, USA, male, dorsal view; \u003cstrong\u003ed,\u003c/strong\u003etributary Terrapin Run, Allegany Co., Maryland, USA, male, lateral view; \u003cstrong\u003ee,\u003c/strong\u003etributary Terrapin Run, Allegany Co., Maryland, USA, male, apical view; \u003cstrong\u003ef,\u003c/strong\u003etributary Terrapin Run, Allegany Co., Maryland, USA, male, caudal view; \u003cstrong\u003eg,\u003c/strong\u003etributary Lindsay Run, Armstrong Co., Pennsylvania, USA, male, ventral view; \u003cstrong\u003eh,\u003c/strong\u003etributary Straight Fork, Scott Co., Virginia, USA, female, ventral view. sa = subanal lobes, sp = specilla.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"2.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8919716/v1/8b1814da31f48e69fb1d2c30.png"},{"id":106727297,"identity":"6e609e21-13f5-455a-bd29-1d26553ef068","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-12 18:38:35","extension":"png","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":383940,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eLeuctra monticola\u003c/em\u003e, holotype male, Cades Cove, Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Tennessee, [USA]. \u003cstrong\u003ea\u003c/strong\u003e, photographic jig with labels; \u003cstrong\u003eb\u003c/strong\u003e, male, dorsal view.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"3.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8919716/v1/65184e42e17d787d4250af28.png"},{"id":106727791,"identity":"c14576ad-8a5e-4ac3-b532-980e62d2a0fb","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-12 18:40:52","extension":"png","order_by":4,"title":"Figure 4","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":689387,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eLeuctra monticola\u003c/em\u003e, abdominal terminalia. \u003cstrong\u003ea\u003c/strong\u003e, tributary Wolf Creek, Blount Co., Tennessee, USA, male, lateral view; \u003cstrong\u003eb\u003c/strong\u003e, tributary Wolf Creek, Blount Co., Tennessee, USA, male, dorsal view; \u003cstrong\u003ec\u003c/strong\u003e, tributary Wolf Creek, Blount Co., Tennessee, USA, male, dorsal view; \u003cstrong\u003ed\u003c/strong\u003e, Crooked Arms Branch, Blount Co., Tennessee, USA, male, lateral view; \u003cstrong\u003ee\u003c/strong\u003e, Crooked Arms Branch, Blount Co., Tennessee, USA, male, apical view; \u003cstrong\u003ef\u003c/strong\u003e, Crooked Arms Branch, Blount Co., Tennessee, USA, male, caudal view; \u003cstrong\u003eg\u003c/strong\u003e, Crooked Arms Branch, Blount Co., Tennessee, USA, male, ventral view; \u003cstrong\u003eh\u003c/strong\u003e, Crooked Arms Branch, Blount Co., Tennessee, USA, female, ventral view. sa = subanal lobes, sp = specilla.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"4.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8919716/v1/abb8f85d841245a7163bb937.png"},{"id":106658816,"identity":"bbb54405-5a0e-442d-90fb-b8db0ffe5a6b","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-11 05:02:48","extension":"png","order_by":5,"title":"Figure 5","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":560138,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eDot distribution map of \u003cem\u003eLeuctra alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e (see inset) based on material examined during this study and valid literature records. AL = Alabama, CT = Connecticut, DE = Delaware, GA = Georgia, KY = Kentucky, MD = Maryland, NC = North Carolina, NJ = New Jersey, NY = New York, OH = Ohio, PA = Pennsylvania, SC = South Carolina, TN = Tennessee, VA = Virginia, WV = West Virginia. The stars represent the approximate type localities for \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e (left) and\u003cem\u003e L. alexanderi \u003c/em\u003e(right).\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"5.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8919716/v1/d1361b0dd6ce66f6249e7bf1.png"},{"id":106959068,"identity":"620c4d24-e991-45f9-a099-97e60ba46780","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-15 08:44:47","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":4848930,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8919716/v1/0fd9918f-b429-47b7-a15e-2603cdc66654.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAn integrated taxonomic approach alters the geographic concept of the rare Mountain Needlefly, \u003c/strong\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLeuctra monticola\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e Hanson, 1941 (Plecoptera: Leuctridae)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[{"header":"Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003eAlthough biological taxonomy in the strict sense (i.e., Linnean) and conservation arose at different times, the two disciplines have become interdependent upon each other (Conix \u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2019\u003c/span\u003e). Conservation and management of species that may be in peril require that accurate taxonomic information is readily available (Mace \u003cspan citationid=\"CR41\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2004\u003c/span\u003e; Ely et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR16\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e). Morrison et al. (2019) provided several examples of how properly updated taxonomic information has led to enhanced conservation efforts.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis is the fifth in a series of recent papers (Verdone et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR70\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e; Grubbs et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR25\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR26\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2025a\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR27\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2025b\u003c/span\u003e) that have modified taxonomic concepts of several species of stoneflies that were either (a) presented in a formal petition by the Center for Biological Diversity to the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) for the formal inclusion of 404 species in the southeastern United States (US) as either threatened or endangered under the Endangered Species Act (CBD 2010) or (b) assigned as one of 33 Northeast US Regional Species of Greatest Conservation Need (RSGCN) in the 13-state region from Virginia north through Maine (NFWD 2024).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThese works have demonstrated that some presumably imperiled stonefly species have been added to lists based on historic or recent taxonomic errors. These mistakes include descriptions of species from one or a few morphologically-variable individuals that represented more widespread species (Grubbs et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR26\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2025a\u003c/span\u003e), description of species from a limited series that under further examination required synonymy with other species (Grubbs et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR25\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR27\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2025b\u003c/span\u003e; Verdone et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR70\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e), and the outright misidentification of species that lack of voucher specimens and/or exact locations that could serve to document prior claims. Other situations are possible, all of which require considerable effort to rectify. Those conducting conservation assessments of insects must account for these possibilities so as not to perpetuate taxonomic errors (Dubois et al. 2003) and create liability for governments when species are erroneously entered into legal protection (Murphy and Weiland \u003cspan citationid=\"CR45\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2016\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra monticola\u003c/em\u003e Hanson, 1941 was described from Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GRSM) in east Tennessee, USA. This species was assigned to the \u003cem\u003eL. biloba\u003c/em\u003e Claassen, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1923\u003c/span\u003e group by Harper and Harper (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR30\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1997\u003c/span\u003e), together with \u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e Hanson, 1941, \u003cem\u003eL. biloba\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eL. mitchellensis\u003c/em\u003e Hanson, 1941, and \u003cem\u003eL. nephophila\u003c/em\u003e Hanson, 1941 based on morphological characteristics of the adult male. Grubbs and Sheldon (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2009\u003c/span\u003e) later placed \u003cem\u003eL. pinhoti\u003c/em\u003e in this group. Although five of the six members were described as new in 1941, species descriptions were spread across two different papers and with contrasting illustration styles (Hanson \u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1941a\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1941b\u003c/span\u003e). Consequently, this has introduced confusion among several Nearctic stonefly workers specifically regarding the morphological concepts and distributions of sympatric \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e, the latter of which was also described from GRSM.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra monticola\u003c/em\u003e Hanson, 1941 is listed as an SGCN in the previous (VA WAP \u003cspan citationid=\"CR67\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2015\u003c/span\u003e) and current (VA WAP \u003cspan citationid=\"CR68\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2025\u003c/span\u003e) Virginia (USA) Wildlife Action Plans as a Tier 2 (=\u0026thinsp;Very High Conservation Need) species. NatureServe (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR47\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2026\u003c/span\u003e) has applied a global ranking of G1 (=\u0026thinsp;Critically Imperiled) for this species. Whether this species is present in Virginia, however, is in question. The presence of \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e on Virginia state checklists in the peer-reviewed literature (Kondratieff and Voshell \u003cspan citationid=\"CR38\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1979\u003c/span\u003e; Kondratieff and Kirchner \u003cspan citationid=\"CR39\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1987\u003c/span\u003e; Kondratieff et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR40\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e) has not included published locality records. Moreover, the presence of \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e in the 2015 VA WAP predicated the inclusion of this species as a Northeast US RSGCN (NFWD 2024). The authors of this paper are funded by the USFWS and the 13 states of the Northeast Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies (NEAFWA 2024) to formally assess the conservation status of all 33 RSGCNs, including \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e. Once completed, this USFWS project has important conservation and management consequences for several species that may not occur in the northeast US or are more common than previously understood.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBecause of the confusion regarding the morphology-based concepts of \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e and closely related \u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e we applied an integrative morphological-molecular taxonomic approach to refine diagnostic characteristics of both species and determine if \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e actually exists in Virginia. This required two important steps \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;(1) examination of type material and (2) collection of \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e from the vicinity of the GRSM type locality and from sites in Virginia where specimens had been collected and determined as this species. The establishment of standard molecular phylogenetic methods, namely with the ease and low cost of sequencing of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene (mtCOI or DNA barcode gene; Hebert et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR31\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2003\u003c/span\u003e), have been critical to allow researchers to confidently place species names on individuals of stonefly individuals with confounding diagnostic morphological characteristics, including Palearctic (Teslenko et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR63\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2019\u003c/span\u003e) and Nearctic \u003cem\u003eLeuctra\u003c/em\u003e (Grubbs et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e; Metzger et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR43\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e; Grubbs et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR25\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e). Digital light and scanning electron microscopy images and distribution maps are included for both species.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Materials and Methods","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec3\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eSpecimen acquisition and data management\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpecimens examined during this study were obtained from the Blue Ridge Parkway Collection, housed at Mammoth Cave National Park, Kentucky, USA (BLRI); Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA (BYUC); Bill P. Stark Collection (BPSC, now housed at BYUC); Charles H. Nelson collection, Tennessee, USA (CHNC); C.P. Gillette Museum of Arthropod Diversity, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA (CSUIC); Illinois Natural History Survey, Champaign-Urbana, Illinois, USA (INHS); North Carolina Division of Water Resources Biological Assessment Branch Collections, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA (NCDWR); Phillip N. Hogan Collection, Champaign-Urbana, Illinois, USA (PNHC); United States National Museum, Washington, D.C., USA (USNM); and Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, Kentucky, USA (WKUC).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpecimen data were also included from valid literature sources. Because there is locality data that has also been published in the peer-reviewed literature from the collections noted in the previous paragraph, we avoided this redundancy and only included records presented in Griffith and Perry (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1992\u003c/span\u003e), Earle (2004), and DeWalt and Heinold (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2005\u003c/span\u003e). Locality data for all specimen records are presented in decimal degrees and were either obtained directly in the field with GPS units or georeferenced using Acme Mapper 2.2 (\u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003ehttps://mapper.acme.com\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"https://mapper.acme.com\" targettype=\"URL\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan type=\"Underline\" class=\"Underline\" name=\"Emphasis\"\u003e).\u003c/span\u003e Due to the large volume of \u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e adults examined during this study (=\u0026thinsp;289 records), records for this species presented in the Materials Examined section were limited to one county per US state. In contrast, all locality records of \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e are provided below. Overall, all specimen data of \u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e integrated in this study are available in Supplementary Table\u0026nbsp;1. Dot distribution maps were prepared using ArcGIS 10.8.1 and overlaid on U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Level III and Level IV Ecoregions (USEPA \u003cspan citationid=\"CR66\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2024\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eMicroscopy and digital imaging\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eImages of adult male terminalia of \u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e were captured using a Nikon D-7200 equipped with a 5X macro-lens mounted on a StackShot motorized rail (Connisys Inc., Traverse City, MI, USA). Composite images were stacked using Zerene Stacker version 1.04 (Zerene Systems LLC, Richland, DC, USA) and edited using Adobe Photoshop version 21.0.3 (Adobe Inc., San Jose, CA, USA). Adult female terminalia of both species were digitally imaged with a Leica MZ 16 stereo microscope equipped with a JVC KY-F75U camera and stacked using Auto-Montage Pro. Adult male abdominal terminalia of \u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e were prepared for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) via serial dehydration in 75%, 95%, and 100% ethanol for 10 minutes each and in hexamethyldisilazane twice for 30 minutes each. Dehydrated terminalia were attached to aluminum stubs and coated with gold-palladium in an Emscope SC 500. Specimens were examined using a Jeol JSM-6510LV SEM and digital images were captured with an IXRF system. Male reproductive morphology followed Grubbs et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR25\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eMolecular methods and phylogenetic analyses\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTwo legs and attached thoracic tissue were dissected from adult females and males of \u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eL. crossi\u003c/em\u003e James, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR35\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1976\u003c/span\u003e, L. \u003cem\u003emonticola\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eL. nephophila\u003c/em\u003e, and \u003cem\u003eL. pinhoti\u003c/em\u003e and sent to the Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding, University of Guelph, Ontario, to sequence mtCOI. All sequences, metadata, and specimen images will reside in the Barcode of Life Data System (BOLD; Ratnasingham and Hebert \u003cspan citationid=\"CR53\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2007\u003c/span\u003e). Sequences of at least one species representing all five Nearctic \u003cem\u003eLeuctra\u003c/em\u003e species groups (Harper and Harper \u003cspan citationid=\"CR30\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1997\u003c/span\u003e), unplaced \u003cem\u003eL. moha\u003c/em\u003e Ricker, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR54\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1952\u003c/span\u003e, and Palearctic \u003cem\u003eL. hippopus\u003c/em\u003e Kempny, 1899 were also obtained from BOLD or from the prior work of Metzger et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR43\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e) and Grubbs et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR25\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e) (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e). \u003cem\u003eLeuctra hippopus\u003c/em\u003e served as the outgroup species.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA total of 128 sequences were assembled into the final sequence file (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e), including outgroup \u003cem\u003eL. hippopus\u003c/em\u003e. Sequences were aligned using MUSCLE in MEGA11 (Tamura et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR57\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e). A preliminary phylogenetic analysis was performed by creating a Neighbor-Joining (NJ) tree in MEGA11 to assess the initial tree topology and all putative species identities. We retained all 128 sequences after inspection of the NJ tree. ModelFinder (Kalyaanamoorthy et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR36\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e) was employed in the IQ-TREE web server (Trifinopoulos et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR65\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2016\u003c/span\u003e) to find the best model of evolution for the mtCOI sequence data using the lowest Bayesian Information Criterion score. Subsequently, HKY\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;F+I+G4 was identified as the best-fit model.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab1\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 1\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary information for Leuctra sequences used for molecular phylogenetic analyses. A\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;adult but sex not designated, F\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;adult female, L\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;larva, M\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;adult male. *One L. mitchellensis individual noted as L. biloba in BOLD.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"6\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpecies\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLife stage\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBOLD Process ID\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEvent date\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCountry\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eProvince or state\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eLeuctra biloba\u003c/em\u003e group\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAMISC272-08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16 April 2007\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaryland\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAMISC273-08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16 April 2007\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaryland\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMDA709-09\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1 June 2000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWest Virginia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePKSTO059-08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18 June 2007\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTennessee\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePKSTO060-08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18 June 2007\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTennessee\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePKSTO180-08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18 June 2007\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTennessee\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePKSTO181-08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18 June 2007\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTennessee\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC528-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24 May 2022\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKentucky\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC529-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24 May 2022\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKentucky\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC530-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24 May 2022\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKentucky\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC531-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24 May 2022\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKentucky\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC532-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24 May 2022\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKentucky\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC533-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24 May 2022\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKentucky\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC534-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23 May 2020\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaryland\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC535-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23 May 2020\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaryland\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC536-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29 May 2020\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaryland\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC537-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29 May 2020\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaryland\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC538-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29 May 2020\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaryland\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC520-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15 May 2023\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eVirginia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC521-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15 May 2023\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eVirginia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC522-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15 May 2023\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eVirginia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC523-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15 May 2023\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eVirginia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC524-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15 May 2023\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eVirginia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC525-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15 May 2023\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eVirginia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC526-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15 May 2023\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eVirginia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC527-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15 May 2023\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eVirginia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. biloba\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePKSTO068-08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9 July 2007\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNorth Carolina\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. biloba\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC542-33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11 June 2016\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eGeorgia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. biloba\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC543-33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11 June 2016\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eGeorgia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. biloba\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC544-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11 June 2016\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eGeorgia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. biloba\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC545-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11 June 2016\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eGeorgia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. mitchellensis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBKSTO404-11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14 April 2010\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNorth Carolina\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. mitchellensis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBKSTO405-11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14 April 2010\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNorth Carolina\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. mitchellensis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBKSTO406-11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14 April 2010\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNorth Carolina\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. mitchellensis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC044-20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10 June 2019\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNorth Carolina\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. mitchellensis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC045-20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10 June 2019\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNorth Carolina\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. mitchellensis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC046-20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10 June 2019\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNorth Carolina\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. mitchellensis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC047-20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26 July 2019\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNorth Carolina\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. mitchellensis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC048-20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26 July 2019\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNorth Carolina\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. mitchellensis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC049-20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26 July 2019\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNorth Carolina\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. mitchellensis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC050-20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10 June 2019\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNorth Carolina\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. mitchellensis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC051-20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10 June 2019\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNorth Carolina\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. mitchellensis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC499-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10 June 2019\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNorth Carolina\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. mitchellensis\u003c/em\u003e*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePKSTO035-08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25 May 2007\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNorth Carolina\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC504-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15 April 2023\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTennessee\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC505-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15 April 2023\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTennessee\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC506-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15 April 2023\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTennessee\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC507-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15 April 2023\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTennessee\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC511-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15 April 2023\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTennessee\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC512-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16 April 2023\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTennessee\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. nephophila\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSMSTO172-07\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16 May 2007\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTennessee\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. nephophila\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSMSTO173-07\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16 May 2007\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTennessee\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. nephophila\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC562-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7 July 2015\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNorth Carolina\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. nephophila\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC563-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7 July 2015\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNorth Carolina\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. nephophila\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC576-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26 May 2014\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNorth Carolina\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. pinhoti\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC573-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13 April 2012\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlabama\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eLeuctra duplicata\u003c/b\u003e \u003cb\u003egroup\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. duplicata\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBKSTO130-08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22 May 2008\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNew York\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. duplicata\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBKSTO131-08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22 May 2008\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNew York\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. duplicata\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBKSTO132-08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22 May 2008\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNew York\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. duplicata\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBKSTO133-08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22 May 2008\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNew York\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. duplicata\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCBSTO138-10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9 June 2009\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCanada\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNova Scotia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. duplicata\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCBSTO139-10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9 June 2009\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCanada\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNova Scotia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. duplicata\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMDA086-08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16 May 2004\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eVirginia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. maria\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOPPEC5177-17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12 June 2014\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCanada\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOntario\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. maria\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOPPEC5178-17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12 June 2014\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCanada\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOntario\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. maria\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOPPEC5179-17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12 June 2014\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCanada\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOntario\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. maria\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOPPEC5180-17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12 June 2014\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCanada\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOntario\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. maria\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOPPEC5189-17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12 June 2014\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCanada\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOntario\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. maria\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOPPEE3411-17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10 July 2014\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCanada\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOntario\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. maria\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOPPEE3412-17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10 July 2014\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCanada\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOntario\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eLeuctra ferruginea\u003c/b\u003e \u003cb\u003egroup\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. ferruginea\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC597-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4 August 2021\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNew Hampshire\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. ferruginea\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC598-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4 August 2021\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNew Hampshire\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. ferruginea\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC599-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4 August 2021\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNew Hampshire\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. ferruginea\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC602-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15 June 2019\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTennessee\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. ferruginea\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC603-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15 June 2019\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTennessee\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. ferruginea\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC604-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15 June 2019\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTennessee\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. ferruginea\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC605-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15 June 2019\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTennessee\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. rickeri\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC629-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18 May 2019\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eIllinois\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. rickeri\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC630-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18 May 2019\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eIllinois\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. rickeri\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC631-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18 May 2019\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eIllinois\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. rickeri\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC632-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18 May 2019\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eIllinois\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eLeuctra grandis\u003c/b\u003e \u003cb\u003egroup\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. alta\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eGLMCR075-19\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2 March 2012\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eIllinois\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. alta\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eGLMCR076-19\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2 March 2012\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eIllinois\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. alta\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC205-20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21 April 2019\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKentucky\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. alta\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC206-20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21 April 2019\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKentucky\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. alta\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC207-20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21 April 2019\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKentucky\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. grandis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCNFNE048-14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5 July 2013\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCanada\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuebec\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. grandis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePKSTO028-08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10 April 2007\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTennessee\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. grandis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePKSTO127-08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9 June 2006\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTennessee\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. grandis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePKSTO139-08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19 April 2007\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTennessee\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. grandis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePKSTO140-08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19 April 2007\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTennessee\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. sibleyi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCBSTO035-10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9 July 2009\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCanada\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNova Scotia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. sibleyi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCBSTO036-10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9 July 2009\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCanada\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNova Scotia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. sibleyi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCBSTO037-10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9 July 2009\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCanada\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNova Scotia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. sibleyi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCBSTO038-10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9 July 2009\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCanada\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNova Scotia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. sibleyi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCBSTO039-10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9 July 2009\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCanada\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNova Scotia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. sibleyi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCBOST161-10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11 June 2009\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCanada\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNova Scotia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. sibleyi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCBOST170-10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12 June 2009\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCanada\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNova Scotia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. sibleyi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCBOST182-10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10 June 2009\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCanada\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNova Scotia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. sibleyi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCNBRB552-14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7 June 2013\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCanada\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNova Scotia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. sibleyi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCNBRB553-14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7 June 2013\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCanada\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNova Scotia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. sibleyi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCNBRL117-14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24 June 2013\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCanada\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNova Scotia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. sibleyi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCNBRN038-14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14 July 2013\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCanada\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNova Scotia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. sibleyi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMDA731-09\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14 May 1994\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNorth Carolina\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. sibleyi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMDA736-09\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17 April 2001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWest Virginia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. sibleyi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMDA737-09\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30 May 2000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWest Virginia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. sibleyi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSMSTO124-07\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16 May 2007\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTennessee\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eLeuctra tenuis\u003c/b\u003e \u003cb\u003egroup\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. schusteri\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC252-20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7 September 2019\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKentucky\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. schusteri\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC253-20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7 September 2019\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKentucky\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. schusteri\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC254-20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27 October 2019\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKentucky\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. schusteri\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC257-20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5 October 2019\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKentucky\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. schusteri\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC258-20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5 October 2019\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKentucky\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. schusteri\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC259-20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5 October 2019\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKentucky\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. schusteri\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC260-20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5 October 2019\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKentucky\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. schusteri\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC261-20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5 October 2019\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKentucky\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. schusteri\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC262-20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5 October 2019\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKentucky\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eUngrouped species\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. crossi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC559-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11 April 2012\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlabama\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. crossi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC561-23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11 April 2012\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlabama\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. moha\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC010-20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6 November 2019\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSouth Carolina\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. moha\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC012-20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6 November 2019\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSouth Carolina\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. moha\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC013-20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6 November 2019\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSouth Carolina\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. moha\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWKUC015-20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6 November 2019\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSouth Carolina\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eOutgroup\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. hippopus\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNOEPT250-13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18 March 2010\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBelgium\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLimburg\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. hippopus\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNOEPT286-15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6 April 2009\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eItaly\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eVeneto\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. hippopus\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNOEPT302-15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19 June 2010\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNorway\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinnmark\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. hippopus\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNOEPT281-15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23 April 2011\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNorway\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHedmark\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. hippopus\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNOEPT291-15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18 June 1993\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCastilla-La Mancha\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe mtCOI sequence data were analyzed with tree- and genetic distance-based phylogenetic analyses. A Maximum Likelihood (ML) analysis was performed in IQ-Tree (Nguyen et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR49\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2015\u003c/span\u003e) with the following parameters: ultrafast bootstrap analysis, 1,000 bootstrap alignments, and 1,000 maximum iterations. Statistical node support was estimated using the Shimodaira-Hasegawa approximate likelihood ratio test with 1,000 replicates (SH-aLRT; Shimodaira and Hasegawa \u003cspan citationid=\"CR55\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1999\u003c/span\u003e) and ultrafast bootstraps with 1,000 replicates (UFBoot; Hoang et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR32\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2018\u003c/span\u003e). Node values with SH-aLRT\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;80% and UFBoot\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;95% are considered to represent strong clade support. Trees were manipulated for visualization in FigTree v1.4.4 and text overlaid in Adobe Photoshop Elements 2.0.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePairwise genetic dissimilarity values were calculated in MEGA11 using the Kimura 2-parameter model of nucleotide substitution with the complete codon position deletion option. Intraspecific and interspecific dissimilarity values were calculated to assess if a barcode gap was present focusing mainly between \u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e, but also with each of the other species included in this analysis.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Results","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec7\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eSystematics\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eOver 3,220 adults were examined during this study, specifically as 2886 \u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e and 335 \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e). The tree- and genetic distance-based phylogenetic analyses revealed similar patterns of evolutionary relatedness. The \u003cem\u003eL. biloba\u003c/em\u003e group was recovered as a monophyletic group, but together with the inclusion of \u003cem\u003eL. alta\u003c/em\u003e James, 1974, with strong nodal support (99%, 100%; Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e). \u003cem\u003eLeuctra alta\u003c/em\u003e is a member of the \u003cem\u003eL. grandis\u003c/em\u003e group and was represented in this study by five individuals from central Kentucky and southern Illinois. \u003cem\u003eLeuctra monticola\u003c/em\u003e was recovered as a monophyletic group with strong support (99.7%, 100%, Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e) and placed as a sister species of \u003cem\u003eL. alta\u003c/em\u003e with good support (90%, 96%; Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e). \u003cem\u003eLeuctra alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e was composed of 26 sequences from five US states and likewise recovered as a monophyletic group with strong support (100%, 100%, Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e), yet distant from \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e on the ML tree.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab2\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 2\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary of all Leuctra alexanderi Hanson, 1941 and L. monticola Hanson, 1941 specimens examined during this study. AL\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;Alabama, GA\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;Georgia, KY\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;Kentucky, MD\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;Maryland, NC\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;North Carolina, NY\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;New York, OH\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;Ohio, PA\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;Pennsylvania, SC\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;South Carolina, TN\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;Tennessee, VA\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;Virginia, VT\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;Vermont, WV\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"5\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpecies\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eState\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e# records (=\u0026thinsp;vials)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e# unique localities\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e# adult specimens\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ealexanderi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eGA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKY\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e161\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMD\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e58\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e52\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e571\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNC\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e116\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNY\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOH\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e89\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e39\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSC\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e36\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTN\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e104\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eVA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e86\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e77\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1162\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWV\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e48\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e561\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003emonticola\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTN\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e335\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSums\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e301\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e251\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3221\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThere were several other notable findings revealed by the Maximum Likelihood analysis, but we see these as tentative until more individuals of additional species are included. \u003cem\u003eLeuctra biloba\u003c/em\u003e was not recovered as a single clade. One individual from western North Carolina grouped on its own while four females from north Georgia clustered in a separate clade. The north Georgia specimens were collected with one associated male, which failed to sequence, but we feel confident the female specimens represent the same species. Which specimen(s) represents the \u0026ldquo;true\u0026rdquo; \u003cem\u003eL. biloba\u003c/em\u003e is in question since the type locality for this species is in north Georgia but also in close geographic proximity to neighboring western North Carolina. Although \u003cem\u003eL. pinhoti\u003c/em\u003e was only represented by one individual, its sequence firmly within the \u003cem\u003eL. biloba\u003c/em\u003e group provides good evidence for the inclusion in this species group. Similarly, there is good evidence that previously unplaced \u003cem\u003eL. crossi\u003c/em\u003e is also a member of the \u003cem\u003eL. biloba\u003c/em\u003e group. Two individuals of \u003cem\u003eL. crossi\u003c/em\u003e grouped with \u003cem\u003eL. pinhoti\u003c/em\u003e and the four Georgia \u003cem\u003eL. biloba\u003c/em\u003e individuals with strong support (99%, 99%; Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e) within the broader \u003cem\u003eL. biloba\u003c/em\u003e group.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis study, however, provided no support for the \u003cem\u003eL. grandis\u003c/em\u003e group. As noted above, \u003cem\u003eL. alta\u003c/em\u003e grouped with \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e with good support. Five individuals of \u003cem\u003eL. grandis\u003c/em\u003e from Quebec and Tennessee were well supported as a monophyletic group (99.9%, 100%; Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e), but were basal to the Nearctic \u003cem\u003eLeuctra\u003c/em\u003e tree overall. \u003cem\u003eLeuctra sibleyi\u003c/em\u003e was split between two well-supported but geographically overlapping clades. One group (99%, 99%; Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e) was made up of one and two individuals from North Carolina and West Virginia, respectively. The second group (99.5%, 100%; Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e) was based on 13 individuals from Nova Scotia and one from east Tennessee.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaximum intraspecific dissimilarity for \u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e were 3.4% and 2.5%, respectively (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e). In contrast, the minimum interspecific dissimilarity between these two species was 12.9% (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e), representing a prominent barcode gap. The closest genetic neighbor to \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e was \u003cem\u003eL. alta\u003c/em\u003e, with a narrow range of interspecific divergence values of 8.2\u0026ndash;9.0%. In contrast, minimum interspecific dissimilarity between \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e and the other members of the \u003cem\u003eL. biloba\u003c/em\u003e group ranged from 11.6\u0026ndash;14.0% (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e). Minimum interspecific dissimilarity between \u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e and the other members of the \u003cem\u003eL. biloba\u003c/em\u003e group was moderately higher as compared to \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab3\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 3\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRanges of intraspecific (all species) and interspecific genetic dissimilarity values (vs. L. alexanderi and L. monticola), presented as a %. n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;number of mtCOI sequences per species, OG\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;outgroup.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"4\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpecies\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003en\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntraspecific\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eInterspecific\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.0\u0026ndash;3.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.9\u0026ndash;15.9%\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.0\u0026ndash;2.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eInterspecific (\u003c/b\u003e\u003cb\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eInterspecific (\u003c/b\u003e\u003cb\u003eL. monticola\u003c/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eL. biloba\u003c/b\u003e \u003cb\u003egroup\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. biloba\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2\u0026ndash;16.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6\u0026ndash;17.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. mitchellensis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.9\u0026ndash;19.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.8\u0026ndash;14.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. nephophila\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3\u0026ndash;15.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.9\u0026ndash;14.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. pinhoti\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.7\u0026ndash;14.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.9\u0026ndash;15.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eL. duplicata\u003c/b\u003e \u003cb\u003egroup\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. duplicata\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.2\u0026ndash;22.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.7\u0026ndash;16.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. maria\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3\u0026ndash;19.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2\u0026ndash;15.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eL. ferruginea\u003c/b\u003e \u003cb\u003egroup\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. ferruginea\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3\u0026ndash;20.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1\u0026ndash;17.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. rickeri\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3\u0026ndash;19.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5\u0026ndash;17.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eL. grandis\u003c/b\u003e \u003cb\u003egroup\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. alta\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1\u0026ndash;16.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2\u0026ndash;9.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. grandis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.7\u0026ndash;20.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4\u0026ndash;20.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. sibleyi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.8\u0026ndash;20.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.9\u0026ndash;15.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eL. tenuis\u003c/b\u003e \u003cb\u003egroup\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. schusteri\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4\u0026ndash;21.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1\u0026ndash;17.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eUngrouped\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. crossi\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6\u0026ndash;15.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.8\u0026ndash;14.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eL. moha\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4\u0026ndash;21.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1\u0026ndash;17.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eL. hippopus\u003c/b\u003e \u003cb\u003e(OG)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.1\u0026ndash;22.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.7\u0026ndash;22.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec8\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eTaxonomy\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e Hanson, 1941\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnakeesta Needlefly\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e(Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e Hanson \u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1941b\u003c/span\u003e:175. Holotype male (USNM), small stream along the Over-the Mountain Highway, near Anakeesta Ridge, Great Smoky Mountains, [Sevier Co.], Tennessee, [USA] \u0026ndash; new species description\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e: Illies, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR34\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1966\u003c/span\u003e:79 \u0026ndash; catalog\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e: Kondratieff and Voshell, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR38\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1979\u003c/span\u003e:245 \u0026ndash; state checklist (Virginia)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e: Tarter and Kirchner, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR58\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1980\u003c/span\u003e:50 \u0026ndash; state checklist (West Virginia)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e: Stark et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR56\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1986\u003c/span\u003e:386 \u0026ndash; North America checklist (USA)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e: Kondratieff and Kirchner, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR39\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1987\u003c/span\u003e:27 \u0026ndash; state checklist (Virginia)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e: Griffith and Perry, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1992\u003c/span\u003e:284 \u0026ndash; checklist (Fernow Experimental Forest, Monongahela National Forest, West Virginia)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e: Grubbs, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR18\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1996\u003c/span\u003e:284 \u0026ndash; checklist (Powdermill Nature Reserve, Pennsylvania)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e: Masteller, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR42\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1996\u003c/span\u003e:111 \u0026ndash; county records, checklist (Pennsylvania)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e: Grubbs, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1997\u003c/span\u003e:75 \u0026ndash; state checklist (Maryland)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e: Harper and Harper, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR30\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1997\u003c/span\u003e:470 \u0026ndash; partial illustrations of adult male\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e: Earle, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR12\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2003\u003c/span\u003e:173 \u0026ndash; watershed record (Pennsylvania)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e: Earle, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2004a\u003c/span\u003e:102 \u0026ndash; watershed record (Pennsylvania)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e: Earle, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2004b\u003c/span\u003e:199 \u0026ndash; state checklist (Pennsylvania)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e: DeWalt and Heinold, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2005\u003c/span\u003e:40 \u0026ndash; Great Smoky Mountains National Park (Tennessee)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e: Tarter and Nelson, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR59\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2006\u003c/span\u003e:432 \u0026ndash; county records, drainage records, checklist (West Virginia)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e: Tarter et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR61\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2006\u003c/span\u003e:2 \u0026ndash; state checklist (Kentucky)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e: Earle, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR15\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2009\u003c/span\u003e:174 \u0026ndash; distributional notes (Pennsylvania)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e: Tarter and Nelson, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR60\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2010\u003c/span\u003e:160 \u0026ndash; county records (West Virginia)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e: DeWalt et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2012\u003c/span\u003e:7 \u0026ndash; faunal assessment and checklist (Ohio)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e: Tarter et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR62\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2015\u003c/span\u003e:13 - state checklist (Kentucky)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e: Beaty \u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2015\u003c/span\u003e:18 \u0026ndash; state checklist (North Carolina)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e: DeWalt et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2016\u003c/span\u003e:49 \u0026ndash; geographic atlas (Ohio)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e: Kondratieff et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR40\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e:25 \u0026ndash; state checklist (Virginia)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e: Parker et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR52\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2007\u003c/span\u003e: 170 \u0026ndash; checklist (Great Smoky Mountains National Park)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e: Verdone et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR69\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e:42 \u0026ndash; state checklist (Georgia)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e: Grubbs, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR22\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2018\u003c/span\u003e:76 \u0026ndash; state checklist (Maryland)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e: Hogan and Grubbs, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR33\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e:400 \u0026ndash; elevation patterns, state checklist (Maryland)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e: Myers et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR46\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2025\u003c/span\u003e:14 \u0026ndash; state geographic atlas (New York)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cstrong\u003eLeuctra alexanderi\u003c/strong\u003e \u003cp\u003eDeWalt et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2025\u003c/span\u003e \u0026ndash; electronic catalog\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eDistribution.\u003c/b\u003e USA: Georgia, Kentucky, Maryland, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia (DeWalt et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2025\u003c/span\u003e), North Carolina (Beaty \u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2015\u003c/span\u003e; this study), New York (Myers et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR46\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2025\u003c/span\u003e), Alabama, South Carolina, (new state records)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eMaterial examined. USA\u003c/b\u003e. \u003cb\u003eAlabama, DeKalb Co.\u003c/b\u003e, West Fork Little River, lodge, DeSoto State Park, 34.58690, -85.59050, 10 May 2006, J.L. Robinson, 3 males (WKUC). \u003cb\u003eGeorgia, Dade Co.\u003c/b\u003e, tributary to creek, across Rt. 189, 1.7 mi N Jct. 189/136, nr. New Salem, 34.82821, -85.45908, 1 May 1991, C.H. Nelson, 4 males, 13 females (CHNC); \u003cb\u003eTowns Co.\u003c/b\u003e, Soapstone Creek, Rt. 180, jct. Owl Creek Rd., Chattahoochie National Forest, 34.85415, -83.78099, 2 June 1994, C.H. Nelson, 1 male, 1 female (CHNC). \u003cb\u003eKentucky, Floyd Co.\u003c/b\u003e, Shades Branch, Jenny Wiley State Park, 37.68693, -82.70111, 12 May 2000, B.C. Kondratieff, 3 males, 5 females (WKUC); \u003cb\u003eHarlan Co.\u003c/b\u003e, Left Fork Martins Fork, 36.68486, -83.41396, 5 May 2016, R. Roberts and K. Bowling, 1 male, 3 females (WKUC); \u003cb\u003eJackson Co.\u003c/b\u003e, War Fork, Turkey Foot Campground, Daniel Boone National Forest, 37.46737, -83.91748, 14 May 1994, R.W. Baumann and S.M. Clark, 2 males (BYUC); \u003cb\u003eLetcher Co.\u003c/b\u003e, tributary to Big Branch, Rte. 1103, 37.07805, -82.98389, 21 May 2006, B.P. Stark and I. Sivec, 5 males (BPSC); \u003cb\u003eMcCreary Co.\u003c/b\u003e, Kilburn Fork, junction of Laurel Fork of Indian Creek, Hwy 1045, 36.81469, -84.38267, 12 May 1988, B.C. Kondratieff, 1 male, 1 female (WKUC); \u003cb\u003eMenifee Co.\u003c/b\u003e, tributary Sal Branch, Osborne Bend Trail, Daniel Boone National Forest, 37.83557, -83.59227, 24 May 2022, S.A. Grubbs, SAG-044-22, 4 males, 3 females (WKUC; 2 males, 2 females sequenced); \u003cb\u003eRowan Co.\u003c/b\u003e, Ramey Creek, above Cave Run Lake, 38.10470, -83.44908, 16 May 1990, R.W. Baumann and R.F. Kirchner, 3 males (BYUC); \u003cb\u003eWhitley Co.\u003c/b\u003e, Dog Slaughter Creek, junction Little Dog Slaughter Creek, 36.85937, -84.30079, 11 May 1988, B.C. Kondratieff, 1 male (WKUC). \u003cb\u003eMaryland, Allegany Co.\u003c/b\u003e, tributary to Deep Run, Deep Run Hiking Trail, Green Ridge State Forest, 39.64452, -78.46400, 9 June 2020, P.N. Hogan, PNH-269-20, 20 males (WKUC); \u003cb\u003eGarrett Co.\u003c/b\u003e, spring into Swamp Run, Swamp Rd., 0.7 mi E Westernport Rd., Savage River State Forest, 39.57996, -79.05999, 5 July 1996, S.A. Grubbs, 65 males, 1 female (WKUC); \u003cb\u003eWashington Co.\u003c/b\u003e, tributary to the Potomac River, Sideling Hill Wildlife Management Area, 39.63865, -78.32380, 11 June 2020, P.N. Hogan, PNH-281-20, 1 male (WKUC). \u003cb\u003eNew York, Tioga Co.\u003c/b\u003e, 3 mi E Jenksville, 42.27147, -76.19867, 6 June 1991, M.F. Whiting, 1 male (BYUC). \u003cb\u003eNorth Carolina, Avery Co.\u003c/b\u003e, creek, below culvert, MP 304.8, UTM Z17S 426303E 3994328N, 36.09078, -81.81863, 22 July 2005, C.R. Parker, 2 males, 4 females (BLRI 24246); \u003cb\u003eGraham Co.\u003c/b\u003e, Grassy Branch, Slick Rock Rd.. 35.41668, -83.96640, 27 May 2018, C. Verdone, 3 females (NCDWR); \u003cb\u003eHaywood Co.\u003c/b\u003e, Ball Branch, Old Cataloochee Turnpike, Great Smoky Mountains National Park, 35.71817, -83.09251, 25 May 2016, C.J. Verdone and B.C. Kondratieff, 4 males, 1 female (CSUIC); \u003cb\u003eJackson Co.\u003c/b\u003e, seeps into Mull Creek, Rte. 1737, 35.35655, -83.02383, 23 May 1993, B.C. Kondratieff and R.F. Kirchner, 4 males (WKUC); \u003cb\u003eMacon Co.\u003c/b\u003e, Robin Branch, Wayah Bald, 35.16832, -83.58465, 20 May 2009, B.P. Stark, 2 males (BPSC); \u003cb\u003eMcDowell Co.\u003c/b\u003e, tributary to Curtis Creek, SR 1227, 35.65580, -82.17140, 30 April 2019, C. Verdone, S. Beaty, L. Housley, 1 male (NCDWR); \u003cb\u003eSwain Co.\u003c/b\u003e, Wild Cherry Branch, Hwy 441, Great Smoky Mountains National Park, 35.59323, -83.38721, C.J. Verdone and B.C. Kondratieff, 26 males (CSUIC); \u003cb\u003eTransylvania Co.\u003c/b\u003e, [Pigeon Branch] South Fork Mill River, Forest Service Rd. off Rte. 276, 35.35848, -82.77840, 8 July 1981, B.C. Kondratieff, 1 male (WKUC); \u003cb\u003eWatauga Co.\u003c/b\u003e, seep near Boone Fork, Blue Ridge Parkway, 36.11982, -81.78123, 25 May 2016, C.J. Verdone and B.C. Kondratieff, 16 males, 8 females (CSUIC). \u003cb\u003eOhio, Belmont Co.\u003c/b\u003e, tributary Belmont Lake, Barkcamp State Park, 40.05718, -81.03859, 3 June 1989, R.W. Baumann and R.F. Kirchner, 3 males, 4 females (BYUC); \u003cb\u003ePortage Co.\u003c/b\u003e, Porter Road Spring, West Branch State Park, 41.11341, -81.12206, 15 May 1979, R. Hunt, 24 males, 32 females (two vials; BYUC). \u003cb\u003ePennsylvania, Armstrong Co.\u003c/b\u003e, tributary Lindsay Run, 12 km ENE Apollo, 40.61116, -79.39439, 19 May 1999, S.A. Grubbs, 3 males, 4 females (WKUC); \u003cb\u003eBradford Co.\u003c/b\u003e, Little Schrader Creek, Sunfish Pond Rd., PA-SGL #12, 41.63735, -76.67249, 500 m asl, 2025-VI-23, R.E. DeWalt, RED-2025-080, sweepnet, 1 male, 1 female (INHS Insect Collection 1545337); \u003cb\u003eClarion Co.\u003c/b\u003e, Cathers Run, upstream mouth, 41.30233, -79.16934, 22 June 2009, S. Harris, 1 male (CSUIC); \u003cb\u003eCrawford Co.\u003c/b\u003e, seep, Tryon-Webber Woods, Western Pennsylvania Conservancy, 41.59401, -80.35457, S.A. Grubbs, 3 males, 3 females (WKUC); \u003cb\u003eFayette Co.\u003c/b\u003e, Jonathan Run, 1.4 km N of Jonathan Run Falls, Ohiopyle State Park, 39.89275, -79.49911, 14 June 2019, P. Woods, F19woo30-08, 1 male, 2 females (WKUC) ; \u003cb\u003eMcKean Co.\u003c/b\u003e, seeps entering Kinzua Creek, Rte. 321, \u0026lt; 1 km S Red Bridge Campground, 41.77620, -78.88785, 18 June 1997, R.W. Baumann and B.C. Kondratieff, 2 males (BYUC); \u003cb\u003eMercer Co.\u003c/b\u003e, Sugar Run, Bucklick Rd., 41.87112, -78.80459, 21C-VI-2025, R. E. DeWalt, RED-2025-073, 3 males (INHS Insect Collection 1545138); \u003cb\u003eWarren Co.\u003c/b\u003e, tributary W. Br. Tionesta Creek, PA-SGL #29, 41.74524, -79.19044, 441 m asl, 2025-VI-21, R.E. DeWalt, RED-2025-071, beating sheet, 2 males, (INHS Insect Collection 1545276); \u003cb\u003eWayne Co.\u003c/b\u003e, East Branch [Dyberry Creek], SR 1023, 41.69141, -75.28727, 30 May 1996, B.C. Kondratieff, 1 male (WKUC). \u003cb\u003eWestmoreland Co.\u003c/b\u003e, Powdermill Run, Powdermill Nature Reserve, 40.15171, -79.27028, 13 June 1993, S.A. Grubbs, 1 male (WKUC). \u003cb\u003eSouth Carolina, Oconee Co.\u003c/b\u003e, Wash Creek, 2 mi NE Cheohee, Sumter National Forest, 34.92107, -83.09527, 24 May 1993, C.H. Nelson, B.C. Kondratieff, and R.F. Kirchner, 9 males, 6 females (CHNC). \u003cb\u003eTennessee, Carter Co.\u003c/b\u003e, Roan Mountain State Park, 36.16828, -82.09666, 2 June 2001, J. Ensminger, 18 males (WKUC); \u003cb\u003eCumberland Co.\u003c/b\u003e, small stream [tributary to South Fork Elmore Creek], 2 mi N of Adams Bridge on Obed River, Hwy 298, 36.07870, -84.95309, 13 May 1988, B.C. Kondratieff, 1 male (WKUC); \u003cb\u003eMarion Co.\u003c/b\u003e, tributary South Fork Suck Creek, 5.4 km WNW Signal Mountain, TN 27, UTM Z16 646450E, 3890380N, 35.14567, -85.39231, 17 April 1997, R.E. DeWalt, REDeWalt-1997-42, 4 males, 3 females (INHS); \u003cb\u003ePolk Co.\u003c/b\u003e, Goforth Creek, US 64, Cherokee National Forest, UTM Z16 726580E, 3885020N, 35.08419, -84.51469, 17 April 1997, REDeWalt-1997-44, 1 male (INHS); \u003cb\u003eScott Co.\u003c/b\u003e, small stream, Leatherwood Crossing, Big South Fork Cumberland River, Big South Fork National Recreation Area, 36.47701, -84.66591, 12 May 1988, R.W. Baumann, R.F. Kirchner, B.C. Kondratieff and C.R. Nelson, 27 males, 9 females (BYUC); \u003cb\u003eSequatchie Co.\u003c/b\u003e, [Little?] Brush Creek, N Dunlap, 35.40323, -85.39057, 12 May 2000, B.C. Kondratieff and R.F. Kirchner, 2 males, 2 females (WKUC); \u003cb\u003e[Sevier Co.]\u003c/b\u003e, Fighting Creek Gap, Gatlinburg, [Great Smoky Mountains National Park], 35.67639, -83.56544, 15 May 1939, 4 males (INHS Plecoptera 8054); \u003cb\u003eUnion Co.\u003c/b\u003e, stream, along Ghost House Trail, Big Ridge State Park, 36.25039, -83.92902, 25 April 1998, D.A. Etnier, 1 male (WKUC); \u003cb\u003eVan Buren Co.\u003c/b\u003e, Rock House Creek, Falls Creek State Park, 35.66400, -85.34524, 13 May 1988, R.W. Baumann, R.F. Kirchner, B.C. Kondratieff and C.R. Nelson, 1 male (BYUC). \u003cb\u003eVirginia, Bedford Co.\u003c/b\u003e, headwater Goose Creek, Rte. 695, 37.44794, -79.65906, C.J. Verdone and B.C. Kondratieff, 1 male, 1 female (CSUIC); \u003cb\u003eBland Co.\u003c/b\u003e, spring tributary to Laurel Creek, Co. Rd. 625, 37.02774, -81.44032, 27 May 2016, C.J. Verdone and B.C. Kondratieff, 3 males (CSUIC); \u003cb\u003eBotetourt Co.\u003c/b\u003e, spring-fed stream, Blue Ridge Parkway, 37.39235, -79.83864, 31 May 2016, C.J. Verdone and B.C. Kondratieff, 1 male (CSUIC); \u003cb\u003eCraig Co.\u003c/b\u003e, seeps into Barbours Creek, Co. Rd. 617, Potts Jeep Trail, 37.63398, -80.05481, 10 June 2016, C.J. Verdone and B.C. Kondratieff, 9 males, 3 females (CSUIC); \u003cb\u003eFloyd Co.\u003c/b\u003e, spring-fed stream, Blue Ridge Parkway, E. of Mt. Olivet Church, 37.11577, -80.12949, 31 May 2016, C.J. Verdone and B.C. Kondratieff, 11 males, 14 females (CSUIC); \u003cb\u003eGiles Co.\u003c/b\u003e, tributary to Big Stony Creek, Rte 613, 37.44849, -80.51680, 17 May 2022, C. Verdone, S. Beaty, V. Holland, 32 males, 23 females (NCDWR); \u003cb\u003eGrayson Co.\u003c/b\u003e, series of springs and spring-fed streams into Lewis Fork, off Mt. Rogers Trail, off Rte. 603, 36.67723, -81.52395, 20 June 1981, B.C. Kondratieff, 4 males, 1 female (WKUC); \u003cb\u003eGreene Co.\u003c/b\u003e, Devils Ditch Spring, Bearfence Shelter, Shenandoah National Park, 38.44370, -78.47034, 2 June 2016, C.J. Verdone, B.C. Kondratieff, and S. Roble, 2 males (CSUIC); \u003cb\u003eMadison Co.\u003c/b\u003e, Robinson River, Co. Rd. 600, 38.52717, -78.35015, 2 June 2016, C.J. Verdone, B.C. Kondratieff, and S. Roble, 1 male (CSUIC); \u003cb\u003eMontgomery Co.\u003c/b\u003e, spring tributary to Craig Creek, Co. Rd. 621, 0.25 mi N of Hwy 460, 37.29070, -80.45221, 28 May 2016, C.J. Verdone and B.C. Kondratieff, 35 males, 1 female (CSUIC); \u003cb\u003eNelson Co.\u003c/b\u003e, tributary to South [North?] Fork Tye River, Rte. 687, 37.89031, -79.06091, 24 May 1980, T. Williams, 1 male (WKUC); \u003cb\u003eRoanoke Co.\u003c/b\u003e, spring tributary to Wolf Creek, Blue Ridge Parkway, 37.27794, -79.85468, 31 May 2016, C.J. Verdone and B.C. Kondratieff, 1 male, 5 females (CSUIC); \u003cb\u003eRockingham Co.\u003c/b\u003e, Deep Run, Co. Rd. 708, 38.27972, -78.76374, 3 June 2016, C.J. Verdone, B.C. Kondratieff, and S. Roble, 1 male (CSUIC); \u003cb\u003eScott Co.\u003c/b\u003e, tributary Big Oak Branch, FR 619, Jefferson National Forest, 36.87509, -82.61603, 15 May 2023, S.A. Grubbs, SAG-045-23, 38 males, 13 females (WKUC; 2 males, 2 females sequenced); \u003cb\u003eSmyth Co.\u003c/b\u003e, Nicks Creek, Rte 622, 36.82972, -81.41570, 12 May 2017, C.J. Verdone, B.C. Kondratieff, J. Richards, and R. Agbalog, 1 male, 3 females (CSUIC); \u003cb\u003eTazewell Co.\u003c/b\u003e, Station Spring, CR 666, Burkes Garden, 37.10065, -81.37010, 28 May 1992, B.C. Kondratieff and R.F. Kirchner, 19 males, 19 females (WKUC); \u003cb\u003eWashington Co.\u003c/b\u003e, Little Moccasin Creek, Rte. 690, immediately below Carolina Climbers Coalition parking lot, Jefferson National Forest, 36.83564, -82.08655, 16 May 2023, S.A. Grubbs, SAG-052-23, 18 males, 14 females (WKUC); \u003cb\u003eWise Co.\u003c/b\u003e, Right Fork Bearpen Creek, Rte 666, 37.16424, -82.57796, 3 May 2017, C.J. Verdone and B.C. Kondratieff, 1 male (CSUIC); \u003cb\u003eWythe Co.\u003c/b\u003e, spring into East Fork Stony Fork, Rte 717, 37.01387, -81.15414, 27 May 2024, C. Verdone, R. Verdone, 2 males, 1 female (NCDWR). \u003cb\u003eWest Virginia, Fayette Co.\u003c/b\u003e, stream, junction New River, Hwy 16, across river from Cotton Hill, 38.11390, -81.14120, 14 May 1991, S.M. Clark, 15 males, 10 females (BYUC); \u003cb\u003eGilmer Co.\u003c/b\u003e, small tributary of Cedar Creek, Cedar Creek State Park, 38.89030, -80.85190, 15 June 1994, S.M. Clark, 2 males (BYUC); \u003cb\u003eGreenbrier Co.\u003c/b\u003e, springs to Pheasant Hollow, nr. Summit Lake, Monongahela National Forest, 38.24950, -80.41920, 2 June 1992, B.C. Kondratieff and R.F. Kirchner, 11 males (WKUC); \u003cb\u003eHardy Co.\u003c/b\u003e, 5 km SW Lost City, 38.88862, -78.85429, 15 May\u0026ndash;4 June 1994, Henry et al., 5 males, 2 females (WKUC); \u003cb\u003eKanawha Co.\u003c/b\u003e, Buzzard Branch, Hwy I-77, 38.11810, -81.38500, 16 May 1994, R.W. Baumann and B.C. Kondratieff, 4 males, 7 females (two vials, BYUC, WKUC); \u003cb\u003eMingo Co.\u003c/b\u003e, Laurel Creek, 2 km S Dingess, 37.85427, -82.18132, 21 May 1992, B.C. Kondratieff and R.F. Kirchmer, 1 male (WKUC); \u003cb\u003eMorgan Co.\u003c/b\u003e, Middle Fork Indian Run, Cacapon State Park, 39.50170, -78.30840, 14 May 1992, S.M. Clark, 39 males, 24 females (BYUC); \u003cb\u003eNicholas Co.\u003c/b\u003e, North Fork Cherry River, 1.5 mi NE Richwood, 38.24690, -80.52510, 8 June 1990, S.M. Clark and S.A. Wells, 3 males, 2 females (BYUC); \u003cb\u003ePocahontas Co.\u003c/b\u003e, Williams River, junction Rte. 150 and Rd. 86, 38.33127, -80.22208, 14 May 1990, B.C. Kondratieff and R.F. Kirchner, 2 males (WKUC); \u003cb\u003eRaleigh Co.\u003c/b\u003e, tributary of Little Beaver Lake, Little Beaver State Park, 37.74920, -81.08460, 25 May 1990, R.W. Baumann and S.M. Clark, 120 males (BYUC); \u003cb\u003eRandolph Co.\u003c/b\u003e, tributary Buckhannon River, Pickens, 38.65240, -80.20740, 7 July 1992, S.M. Clark, 2 males (BYUC); \u003cb\u003eTaylor Co.\u003c/b\u003e, small tributaries of Tygarts Creek, Valley Falls State Park, 39.38500, -90.08800, 13 May 1993, S.M. Clark, 4 males (two vials; BYUC); \u003cb\u003eTucker Co.\u003c/b\u003e, Wilson Hollow Run, Fernow Experimental Forest, Monongahela National Forest, 39.06249, -79.67373, 18 May 1994, R.M. Duffield, 94-V-18-4A, 3 males, 2 females (CHNC).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eAmended descriptions. Male.\u003c/b\u003e The dorsal abdominal process is directed slightly dorsally (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003ea) and extends ca. \u0026frac12; length across the 8th tergum and terminates as a bilobed process with slightly-produced, subtruncate lobes (Figs.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003eb\u0026ndash;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003ec). The distance between the lobes is approximately equal to lobe width. The specilla are broad basally in lateral view and taper little distally (Figs.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003ed, \u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003ef). The outer margin has low, rounded tubercles present along the outer distal \u0026frac12; (Figs.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003ed\u0026ndash;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003ef). The specilla are distally sinuous in dorsal view (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003ee). The subanal lobes are basally narrow, mildly sinuous, and recurved anteriorly in the distal \u0026frac12; (Figs.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003ed\u0026ndash;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003ee). The vesicle is constricted basally, expanded and widest in distal \u0026frac14; and rounded apically (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003eg).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eFemale.\u003c/b\u003e The subgenital plate lobes are broadly convex distally, rounded medially and laterally, and separated by a u-shaped notch approximately \u0026frac34; the width of each lobe (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003eh).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eComments.\u003c/b\u003e Although the holotype was not located during a visit to USNM in December 2024, we are confident with the morphologic concept of this species. \u003cem\u003eLeuctra alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e is the only member of the \u003cem\u003eL. biloba\u003c/em\u003e group distributed northward from the southern Appalachian Mountains, known currently from 12 US states and eight USEPA Level III Ecoregions (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e). In contrast, the other members of the \u003cem\u003eL. biloba\u003c/em\u003e group have comparatively small distributional ranges as follows: \u003cem\u003eL. biloba\u003c/em\u003e \u0026ndash; north Georgia and northwestern South Carolina north to Virginia and West Virginia; \u003cem\u003eL. mitchellensis\u003c/em\u003e \u0026ndash; western North Carolina, mainly from the vicinity of Craggy Gardens north to Roan Highlands; \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e \u0026ndash; east Tennessee (see below); \u003cem\u003eL. nephophila\u003c/em\u003e \u0026ndash; east Tennessee and western North Carolina; \u003cem\u003eL. pinhoti\u003c/em\u003e \u0026ndash; Talladega Mountain region of eastern Alabama (Hanson \u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1941a\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1941b\u003c/span\u003e; Grubbs and Sheldon \u003cspan citationid=\"CR22\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2018\u003c/span\u003e; DeWalt et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2025\u003c/span\u003e; Grubbs unpublished data). We anticipate that \u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e will also be collected from several additional US states, namely Connecticut, Delaware, and New Jersey (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e occupies a broad range of elevations from 197\u0026ndash;1442 m (646\u0026ndash;4731 ft) ASL. For example, the type locality is in east Tennessee in Great Smoky Mountains National Park (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e; Hanson \u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1941b\u003c/span\u003e) and likely refers to a tributary of the West Prong Little Pigeon River along U.S. 441 (=\u0026thinsp;Newfound Gap Road) since Anakeesta Ridge is a high elevation, late Precambrian-age formation located between Mt. LeConte and Newfound Gap (King et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR37\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1958\u003c/span\u003e). \u003cem\u003eLeuctra alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e sequences analyzed in this study included four individuals from a small stream at 1118 m (3668 ft) ASL south of High Knob in southwestern Virginia in the general vicinity where specimens were previously collected and determined as \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e. In contrast, \u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e has also been collected from low-elevation, previously glaciated landscapes in northeastern Ohio, northwestern Pennsylvania, and southern New York (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra monticola\u003c/em\u003e Hanson, 1941\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMountain Needlefly\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e(Figs.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra monticola\u003c/em\u003e Hanson \u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1941a\u003c/span\u003e:61. Holotype male (USNM, USNMENT 01883959 \u0026ndash; \u003cb\u003eexamined;\u003c/b\u003e Figs.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003ea\u0026ndash;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003eb), Cades Cove, Great Smoky Mountains, [Blount Co.], Tennessee, [USA] \u0026ndash; new species description\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra monticola\u003c/em\u003e: Illies, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR34\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1966\u003c/span\u003e:100 \u0026ndash; catalog\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra monticola\u003c/em\u003e: Kondratieff and Voshell, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR38\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1979\u003c/span\u003e:245 \u0026ndash; checklist (Virginia)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra monticola\u003c/em\u003e: Stark et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR56\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1986\u003c/span\u003e:386 \u0026ndash; checklist (USA)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra monticola\u003c/em\u003e: Kondratieff and Kirchner, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR39\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1987\u003c/span\u003e:27 \u0026ndash; checklist (Virginia)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra monticola\u003c/em\u003e: Harper and Harper, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR30\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1997\u003c/span\u003e:470 \u0026ndash; partial illustrations of adult male\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra monticola\u003c/em\u003e: Parker et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR52\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2007\u003c/span\u003e: 170 \u0026ndash; checklist (Great Smoky Mountains National Park)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra monticola\u003c/em\u003e: Kondratieff et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR40\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e:25 \u0026ndash; checklist (Virginia)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLeuctra monticola\u003c/em\u003e: Beaty \u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2015\u003c/span\u003e:18 \u0026ndash; checklist (North Carolina)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cstrong\u003eLeuctra monticola\u003c/strong\u003e \u003cp\u003eDeWalt et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2025\u003c/span\u003e \u0026ndash; electronic catalog\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eDistribution.\u003c/b\u003e USA: Tennessee (DeWalt et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2025\u003c/span\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eMaterial examined. USA\u003c/b\u003e, \u003cb\u003eTennessee\u003c/b\u003e, \u003cb\u003eBlount Co.\u003c/b\u003e, Cades Cove, 24 April 1938, I.W. Williams, 1 male, 1 female (holotype, allotype, USNMENT 01883959); same data as previous, 4 males (paratypes, USNMENT 02032225); same data as previous, 1 male (paratype, USNMENT 02032227); same data as previous, 1 male, 1 female (paratypes, INHS Plecoptera 8148); Tallassee, 35.54718, -84.05999, 20 April 1965, D.J. Burdick, 1 male, 4 females (INHS Plecoptera 8058); small creek, Cades Cove Loop, approximately 0.5 mi from entrance, Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GRSM), 35.60717, -83.78586, 28 April 1977, C.H. Nelson and C.P. Nelson, 1 male, 5 females (CHNC); Hesse Creek and small tributary, 2.4 km SW Miller Cove, 35.69859, -83.83796, 18 April 1997, R.E. DeWalt, 14 males, 13 females (INHS); Crooked Arms Branch, Cades Cove Loop, GRSM, 35.60711, -83.78772, 15 April 2023, S.A. Grubbs and J.M. Yates, SAG-036-23, 36 males, 22 females (WKUC; 2 males, 2 females sequenced); Harrison Branch, Cades Cove Loop, GRSM, 35.60733, -83.79191, 15 April 2023, S.A. Grubbs and J.M. Yates, SAG-037-23, 40 males, 15 females (WKUC; 2 males, 2 females sequenced); tributary Hatcher Creek, Foothills Parkway, GRSM, 35.71392, -83.84403, 16 April 2023, S.A. Grubbs and J.M. Yates, SAG-042-23, 95 males, 67 females (WKUC; 2 males, 2 females sequenced); tributary Wolf Creek, Foothills Parkway, GRSM, 35.70716, -83.85948, 16 April 2023, S.A. Grubbs and J.M. Yates, SAG-043-23, 10 males, 3 females (WKUC; 2 males, 2 females sequenced).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eAmended descriptions. Male.\u003c/b\u003e The dorsal abdominal process is raised slightly in lateral view (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003ea) and terminates in divergent, prominent subtriangular lobes that occupy the middle \u0026frac12; of the 8th tergum (Figs.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003eb\u0026ndash;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003ec). The specilla are broad basally (Figs.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003ed, \u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003ef) with large, raised tubercles evident along the outer distal \u0026frac12; (Figs.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003ed\u0026ndash;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003ef). The subanal lobes are also broad basally, sickle-shaped, and tapering anteriorly (Figs.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003ed\u0026ndash;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003ee). The vesicle is constricted basally, expanded and widest in distal ⅓ and rounded apically (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003eg).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eFemale.\u003c/b\u003e The subgenital plate lobes are broadly convex and divergent distally, slightly angular medially and laterally, and separated by a u-shaped notch approximately ⅔ the width of each lobe (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003eh).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eDiagnosis.\u003c/b\u003e Males of \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e are distinguished from \u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e by details of dorsal process on tergum 8, which extends beyond the posterior margin of the tergite and bears markedly larger, more divergent posterolateral lobes that extend laterally beyond the anterolateral margins of the dorsal process. (Figs.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003eb\u0026ndash;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003ec). Males also differ in the subanal lobe, which is broad basally and evenly curved dorsally toward the apex (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003ed). In contrast, on \u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e the process on tergum 8 does not extend beyond the posterior margin and the lateral lobes are scarcely produced, with the posterolateral and anterolateral extents essentially equal (Figs.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003eb\u0026ndash;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003ec), and the subanal lobe is narrow and sinuous (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003ed).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFemales of \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e differ from \u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e by having a narrower U-shaped notch in the subgenital plate, approximately ⅔ the width of the subgenital plate posterolateral lobe (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003eh). On \u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e, the U-shaped notch is approximately three-quarters the width of the posterolateral lobe (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003eh).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eComments.\u003c/b\u003e Except for state checklists (e.g., Kondratieff et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR40\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e) and the partial illustrations of the male 8th abdominal process and right paraproct lobes presented in Harper and Harper (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR30\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1997\u003c/span\u003e, their Figs.\u0026nbsp;10, 14), this species has been nearly absent from the literature since its description 85 years ago. All specimens previously determined as \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e from Virginia and other states (e.g., North Carolina) now refer to \u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e or potentially undescribed species. Moreover, all individuals determined as \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e in this study represent the only known specimens and localities of this species. \u003cem\u003eLeuctra monticola\u003c/em\u003e is currently known only from one county (Blount) in east Tennessee from lower-elevation foothill streams both near and within Great Smoky Mountains National Park in USEPA Level III Ecoregion Blue Ridge Mountains (66), and more specifically in Level IV Ecoregions 66e (Southern Sedimentary Ridges) and 66f (Limestone Valleys and Coves) (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e). Although \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e was found to be locally abundant, the updated distribution presented here is supportive of the present NatureServe (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR47\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2026\u003c/span\u003e) G1 global ranking (=\u0026thinsp;Critically Imperiled).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eElevations for \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e range only from 252\u0026ndash;562 m (=\u0026thinsp;827\u0026ndash;1844 ft) ASL. The type locality \u0026ldquo;Cades Cove\u0026rdquo; is too vague to narrow down to a single stream. Cades Cove is a low-elevation valley present in the western portion of Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Within Cades Cove is an 18 km loop road that crosses several small streams that drain to Abrams Creek. Most streams along this loop were visited by the first author in April 2023, but \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e was collected from only two localities. \u003cem\u003eLeuctra monticola\u003c/em\u003e was also collected from two localities in April 2023 along the nearby Foothills Parkway near Walland, Tennessee. Although these were the only parkway localities visited, we anticipate that \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e is also present further northward and southward. \u003cem\u003eAmphinemura nigritta\u003c/em\u003e (Provancher, 1876) was the only stonefly species collected with \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e in 2023.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"Discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003eJohn Hanson was a good taxonomist (Nelson \u003cspan citationid=\"CR48\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2012\u003c/span\u003e). All seven species of eastern Nearctic Leuctridae he described in 1941 \u0026ndash; \u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eL. maria\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eL. mitchellensis\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eL. nephophila\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eL. variabilis\u003c/em\u003e, and \u003cem\u003eMegaleuctra williamsae\u003c/em\u003e \u0026ndash; are morphologically unique and presently valid. The dorsal process of \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e is distinctive amongst males of the \u003cem\u003eL. biloba\u003c/em\u003e group and easily recognizable with standard light microscopy. Yet, judging from the examination of several misidentified males included in this study, there have been difficulties since the late 1970s among Nearctic stonefly workers in differentiating between \u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e. Although both species were described in the same year, they were placed in different papers and illustrated in different ways. Novice and expert alike could have easily misinterpreted the original illustrations of the 8th abdominal terminalia of \u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e (Hanson \u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1941b\u003c/span\u003e, his Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003eB) and \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e (Hanson \u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1941a\u003c/span\u003e, his Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e). Moreover, neither paper included a comparative morphological diagnosis that would have permitted a reader to more easily understand the differences in male reproductive morphology between the two species. Hanson did indicate that the dorsal processes of \u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e were \u0026ldquo;about one third\u0026rdquo; (Hanson \u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1941b\u003c/span\u003e, pg. 175) and \u0026ldquo;about one half\u0026rdquo; (Hanson \u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1941a\u003c/span\u003e, pg. 61) of the \u0026ldquo;width of the segment\u0026rdquo;, respectively, implying the uniqueness of both species. However, the illustrations of the dorsal processes and paraprocts of both species look essentially identical and mistaking one species for another, especially since the two species overlap in distribution in east Tennessee, is fully understandable.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlthough there have been two recent synonymies of eastern Nearctic \u003cem\u003eLeuctra\u003c/em\u003e (Grubbs et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR25\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e, 2025), the illustrations provided herein should make correct determinations of the adult males of \u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e much easier and more straightforward. This is especially important for species where conservation concern and management strategies are warranted. Grubbs et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR25\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e) placed \u003cem\u003eL. paleo\u003c/em\u003e Poulton \u0026amp; Stewart, 1991 as a junior synonym under \u003cem\u003eL. szczytkoi\u003c/em\u003e Stark \u0026amp; Stewart, 1981. The latter species was once known from only four localities in northern and central Louisiana, USA (DeWalt and Stark \u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1996\u003c/span\u003e). This apparent rarity subsequently led to the inclusion of \u003cem\u003eL. szczytkoi\u003c/em\u003e in a petition by the Center for Biological Diversity (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003eCBD 2010\u003c/span\u003e) to USFWS to consider this species as either threatened or endangered under the Endangered Species Act. Focal fieldwork in October 2020 and October 2021 and mtCOI sequencing of 69 individuals led to the synonymy and an updated and expanded distributional range of \u003cem\u003eL. szczytkoi\u003c/em\u003e from southern Arkansas south to central Louisiana and west to east Texas (Grubbs et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR25\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e, their Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e). Grubbs et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR26\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2025a\u003c/span\u003e) used morphological-based evidence to synonymize \u003cem\u003eL. laura\u003c/em\u003e Hitchcock, 1969, a species once known only from one adult male collected from one stream in New Hampshire, USA, under widespread and often locally abundant \u003cem\u003eL. grandis\u003c/em\u003e. \u003cem\u003eLeuctra laura\u003c/em\u003e was also included as an RSGCN at the start of this project (NFWD 2025). This synonymy should effectively remove \u003cem\u003eL. laura\u003c/em\u003e from any conservation or management concern by either New Hampshire or the Northeast USFWS region.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNow that there is no evidence of \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e from Virginia, this species should be considered for removal from future VA WAPs. The elimination of \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e from the Virginia faunal list, by default, also means that this species is no longer a Northeast RSGCN and not warranted for conservation or management priority at either the state or Northeast USFWS regional scale. Inclusion of \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e in subsequent Tennessee WAPs (TN WAP \u003cspan citationid=\"CR64\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2015\u003c/span\u003e), however, could be justified at a later date.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003ch2\u003eFunding\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003ewas provided, in part, under the Northeast Regional Conservation Needs (RCN) Grant Program administered by a Wildlife Management Institute subaward RCN 2023-03 through the USFWS. Karen Terwilliger (Terwilliger Consulting, Inc., Locustville, VA, USA) initiated our NE RSGCN research and encouraged us to seek USFWS funding through the Northeast Fish and Wildlife Diversity Technical Committee. Mack Frantz (West Virginia Department of Natural Resources, USA) and Dee Blanton (USFWS) kindly assisted with the proposal submission process. Paul Super (Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA) is thanked for his assistance with obtaining collecting permits. Collecting by SAG in Great Smoky Mountains National Park was authorized by permits GRSM-2014-SCI-0001, GRSM-2015-SCI-0007, and GRSM-2023-SCI-2320. Torsten Dikow, Robert Finn, and Floyd Shockley (USNM) assisted with access to the museum, helped with searching for type specimens, and answered our questions. Bill Stark, Charlie Nelson, and the late Boris Kondratieff have each provided long-term access to Nearctic \u003cem\u003eLeuctra\u003c/em\u003e material. Richard W. Baumann and Shawn Clark (Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA) also made material through loans and space available for study at the Monte L. Bean Museum. Pete Woods (Western Pennsylvania Conservancy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA) kindly donated his collection that included specimens of \u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e. The late Peter P. Harper (University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada) confirmed determinations of \u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e back in the 1990s. Chuck Harp, CSUIC collection manager, is thanked for hosting RED and for the loan of specimens. The collection efforts of Phillip Hogan and Maddie Metzger, both prior graduate students at Western Kentucky University (WKU), contributed substantially to this study. Phillip Hogan also took the digital photo of the \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e holotype and John Andersland (WKU) kindly aided with SEM.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eAuthor Contribution\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAll authors contributed and analyzed data, wrote and edited text, and reviewed the manuscript. S.G. and C.V. prepared digital illustrations and Figures 1-4. C.V. prepared the map (Figure 5).\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eAcknowledgement\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eFunding was provided, in part, under the Northeast Regional Conservation Needs (RCN) Grant Program administered by a Wildlife Management Institute subaward RCN 2023-03 through the USFWS. Karen Terwilliger (Terwilliger Consulting, Inc., Locustville, VA, USA) initiated our NE RSGCN research and encouraged us to seek USFWS funding through the Northeast Fish and Wildlife Diversity Technical Committee. Mack Frantz (West Virginia Department of Natural Resources, USA) and Dee Blanton (USFWS) kindly assisted with the proposal submission process. Paul Super (Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA) is thanked for his assistance with obtaining collecting permits. Collecting by SAG in Great Smoky Mountains National Park was authorized by permits GRSM-2014-SCI-0001, GRSM-2015-SCI-0007, and GRSM-2023-SCI-2320. Torsten Dikow, Robert Finn, and Floyd Shockley (USNM) assisted with access to the museum, helped with searching for type specimens, and answered our questions. Bill Stark, Charlie Nelson, and the late Boris Kondratieff have each provided long-term access to Nearctic Leuctra material. Richard W. Baumann and Shawn Clark (Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA) also made material through loans and space available for study at the Monte L. Bean Museum. Pete Woods (Western Pennsylvania Conservancy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA) kindly donated his collection that included specimens of L. alexanderi. The late Peter P. Harper (University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada) confirmed determinations of L. alexanderi back in the 1990s. Chuck Harp, CSUIC collection manager, is thanked for hosting RED and for the loan of specimens. The collection efforts of Phillip Hogan and Maddie Metzger, both prior graduate students at Western Kentucky University (WKU), contributed substantially to this study. Phillip Hogan also took the digital photo of the L. monticola holotype and John Andersland (WKU) kindly aided with SEM.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eData Availability\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eData included and analyzed during the course of this study was accumulated from the peer-reviewed literature, through examination of specimens housed in institutional collections (including our own), and through gifts and loans from research colleagues. All data will be made available.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBeaty SR (2015) The Plecoptera of North Carolina: A Biologist\u0026rsquo;s Handbook for the Identification of Stonefly Nymphs with Standard Taxonomic Effort Levels. Version 4.0. 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Nucl Acids Res 44(W1):W232\u0026ndash;W235. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003ehttps://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkw256\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.1093/nar/gkw256\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eUSEPA (2024) Level III and IV Ecoregions by EPA Region. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003ehttps://www.epa.gov/eco-research/level-iii-and-iv-ecoregions-epa-region\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"https://www.epa.gov/eco-research/level-iii-and-iv-ecoregions-epa-region\" targettype=\"URL\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e accessed 7 May 2024\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eVA WAP (2015) Virginia Wildlife Action Plan. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003ehttps://bewildvirginia.org/wildlife-action-plan\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"https://bewildvirginia.org/wildlife-action-plan\" targettype=\"URL\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e accessed 21 July 2023\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eVA WAP (2025) Virginia Wildlife Action Plan. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003ehttps://dwr.virginia.gov/wildlife/wildlife-action-plan/2025-wildlife-action-plan/\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"https://dwr.virginia.gov/wildlife/wildlife-action-plan/2025-wildlife-action-plan/\" targettype=\"URL\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e accessed 6 July 2025\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eVerdone CJ, Kondratieff BC, DeWalt RE, South EJ (2017) Studies on the stoneflies of Georgia with the description of a new species of \u003cem\u003eSoyedina\u003c/em\u003e Ricker, new state records and an annotated checklist. Illiesia 13(3):30\u0026ndash;49. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003ehttp://illiesia.speciesfile.org/papers/Illiesia13-03.pdf\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"http://illiesia.speciesfile.org/papers/Illiesia13-03.pdf\" targettype=\"URL\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e accessed 5 July 2025\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eVerdone CJ, South EJ, Kondratieff BC (2022) \u003cem\u003eAcroneuria kirchneri\u003c/em\u003e Stark \u0026amp; Kondratieff, 2004 is a synonym of \u003cem\u003eAcroneuria kosztarabi\u003c/em\u003e Kondratieff \u0026amp; Kirchner, 1993 (Plecoptera: Perlidae). Zootaxa 5094(1):177\u0026ndash;195. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003ehttps://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5094.1.8\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.11646/zootaxa.5094.1.8\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eZwick P (1973) Insecta: Plecoptera, Phylogenetisches System und Katalog. Das Tiereich No. 94. Walter de Gruyter and Company, Berlin, p 465\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ol\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"journal-of-insect-conservation","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"jico","sideBox":"Learn more about [Journal of Insect Conservation](http://link.springer.com/journal/10841)","snPcode":"10841","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/10841/3","title":"Journal of Insect Conservation","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"stoneflies, Anakeesta Needlefly, conservation, systematics, Species of Greatest Conservation Need","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8919716/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8919716/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eThe morphological concept of the purportedly rare eastern Nearctic stonefly species \u003cem\u003eLeuctra monticola\u003c/em\u003eHanson, 1941 (Plecoptera: Leuctridae) is redefined following examination of type material and integrated morphological-molecular phylogenetic analyses using mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene sequence data. These analyses included \u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e Hanson, 1941, a species with an overlapping geographic distribution in the southern Appalachian Mountains, USA, and occasionally confused with \u003cem\u003eL. monticola \u003c/em\u003edue to incomplete original descriptions and inconsistent line drawing styles. This paper was predicated on the inclusion of \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e in the previous (2015) and current (2025) Virginia Wildlife Action Plans as a Tier 2 (= Very High Conservation Need) species despite a lack of published locality data. Moreover, \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e was included as one of 33 Regional Species of Greatest Conservation Need (RSGCNs) in the 13 state Northeast US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) region from Virginia north to Maine and holds a NatureServe G1 (= Critically Imperiled) global ranking. Formal conservation assessments are currently being conducted on all 33 project species and funded by the regional states and the USFWS.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImplications for insect conservation\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur integrated morphological-molecular treatment that included \u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi \u003c/em\u003eand \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e has led to the subsequent removal of the latter species from consideration as an RSGCN in the Northeast USFWS region. The distribution of \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e is narrowed to only foothill streams of the western flanks of the Great Smoky Mountains in east Tennessee, eliminated from the Virginia and North Carolina state lists, and aligns with the current NatureServe global ranking for this species. In contrast, \u003cem\u003eL. alexanderi\u003c/em\u003e has a broad distribution in the Appalachian Mountains and adjacent Appalachian and Cumberland plateaus from northern Alabama east to northwestern South Carolina and north to southern New York. Digital light and scanning electron micrographs of diagnostic morphological characteristics of adult males and females of both species are provided, making correct\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c/strong\u003edeterminations easier and geographic ranges more accurate. This paper has important ramifications for better decision making for potential conservation and management decisions, especially since \u003cem\u003eL. monticola\u003c/em\u003e is now considered a species endemic to Tennessee and the Southeast USFWS region.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"An integrated taxonomic approach alters the geographic concept of the rare Mountain Needlefly, Leuctra monticola Hanson, 1941 (Plecoptera: Leuctridae)","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2026-04-11 05:02:44","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8919716/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2026-05-19T19:04:56+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-05-11T08:34:07+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-05-02T01:12:12+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-04-28T11:16:48+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"107163872439596481497146566607714510692","date":"2026-04-23T14:30:49+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"52368511228222319206169434645993214531","date":"2026-04-22T09:42:22+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"138604811866865617716494794307000624976","date":"2026-04-22T09:20:03+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"158525770061058639452722930656487663756","date":"2026-04-08T13:09:21+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2026-04-06T12:44:44+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2026-02-20T07:53:30+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2026-02-20T07:50:13+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Journal of Insect Conservation","date":"2026-02-19T17:05:58+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"journal-of-insect-conservation","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"jico","sideBox":"Learn more about [Journal of Insect Conservation](http://link.springer.com/journal/10841)","snPcode":"10841","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/10841/3","title":"Journal of Insect Conservation","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"343ffbdd-ffe7-45ff-bd39-197d324dacad","owner":[],"postedDate":"April 11th, 2026","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2026-05-19T19:04:56+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-05-11T08:34:07+00:00","index":21,"fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-05-02T01:12:12+00:00","index":20,"fulltext":""}],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"in-revision","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-05-19T19:08:49+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2026-04-11 05:02:44","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-8919716","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-8919716","identity":"rs-8919716","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}