Water Resources Evaluation in Subtropical Low-Mountain and Hilly Regions with Normal Cloud and TOPSIS Model by building four-dimensional indicator system on Hydrological Zoning

Water Resources Evaluation in Subtropical Low-Mountain and Hilly Regions with Normal Cloud and TOPSIS Model by building four-dimensional indicator system on Hydrological Zoning | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Water Resources Evaluation in Subtropical Low-Mountain and Hilly Regions with Normal Cloud and TOPSIS Model by building four-dimensional indicator system on Hydrological Zoning Ye Fangqi, Ji Yong, Xu Xiaojuan, Huang Wei, Wang Pengyang, Zhang Jie, and 1 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7795376/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Water resources are fundamental natural assets supporting sustainable socio-economic development and ecological stability. The Taojiang River Basin, a typical subtropical hilly basin within the Poyang Lake region, features rugged terrain, high soil erosion rates, and significant conflicts between agricultural irrigation demands and flood–drought disasters. To scientifically assess the basin’s water resources carrying capacity (WRCC), this study integrates fuzzy and deterministic approaches, considering the basin’s topographical and climatic characteristics. A four-dimensional indicator system was constructed, and both the Normal Cloud Model and the TOPSIS model were applied using 2023 data on topography, climate, and land use. The results show that, under the Normal Cloud Model, the overall basin and Subregions I–III are in a “weakly bearable” state, while the TOPSIS model indicates “critical,” “weakly bearable,” “critical,” and “critical” states, respectively. The two models exhibit consistent overall evaluation trends, and indicators related to the water quantity dimension are identified as the dominant influencing factors. This study demonstrates that integrating deterministic and non-deterministic evaluation frameworks can effectively enhance the scientific robustness and accuracy of WRCC assessment. The findings provide valuable references for evaluating water resource utilization and guiding sustainable water management in subtropical low mountain and hilly regions under data-limited conditions. Water Resources Hydrological Zoning Normal Cloud Model TOPSIS Model Taojiang River Basin Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7795376","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":531322623,"identity":"035f5537-a9c9-42c8-8528-190f98cb8342","order_by":0,"name":"Ye Fangqi","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Jiangxi University of Water Resources and Electric Power","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ye","middleName":"","lastName":"Fangqi","suffix":""},{"id":531322627,"identity":"8097975f-d24b-45cc-af52-86c65d12d24a","order_by":1,"name":"Ji 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Basin","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7795376/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7795376/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eWater resources are fundamental natural assets supporting sustainable socio-economic development and ecological stability. The Taojiang River Basin, a typical subtropical hilly basin within the Poyang Lake region, features rugged terrain, high soil erosion rates, and significant conflicts between agricultural irrigation demands and flood\u0026ndash;drought disasters. To scientifically assess the basin\u0026rsquo;s water resources carrying capacity (WRCC), this study integrates fuzzy and deterministic approaches, considering the basin\u0026rsquo;s topographical and climatic characteristics. A four-dimensional indicator system was constructed, and both the Normal Cloud Model and the TOPSIS model were applied using 2023 data on topography, climate, and land use. The results show that, under the Normal Cloud Model, the overall basin and Subregions I\u0026ndash;III are in a \u0026ldquo;weakly bearable\u0026rdquo; state, while the TOPSIS model indicates \u0026ldquo;critical,\u0026rdquo; \u0026ldquo;weakly bearable,\u0026rdquo; \u0026ldquo;critical,\u0026rdquo; and \u0026ldquo;critical\u0026rdquo; states, respectively. The two models exhibit consistent overall evaluation trends, and indicators related to the water quantity dimension are identified as the dominant influencing factors. This study demonstrates that integrating deterministic and non-deterministic evaluation frameworks can effectively enhance the scientific robustness and accuracy of WRCC assessment. The findings provide valuable references for evaluating water resource utilization and guiding sustainable water management in subtropical low mountain and hilly regions under data-limited conditions.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Water Resources Evaluation in Subtropical Low-Mountain and Hilly Regions with Normal Cloud and TOPSIS Model by building four-dimensional indicator system on Hydrological Zoning","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-11-11 07:27:08","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7795376/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"805a8c84-3ceb-4d18-b747-ac5409a80668","owner":[],"postedDate":"November 11th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-04-09T10:40:42+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-11-11 07:27:08","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-7795376","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-7795376","identity":"rs-7795376","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}