The Evolving Comparative Advantages of the World Economy: An International Input-Output Analysis

The Evolving Comparative Advantages of the World Economy: An International Input-Output Analysis | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article The Evolving Comparative Advantages of the World Economy: An International Input-Output Analysis Mana Luksamee-arunothai, Phubet Senbut This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7985616/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The fragmentation of production into Global Value Chains (GVCs) necessitates a re-evaluation of comparative advantage, moving beyond traditional metrics based on final goods. While many studies focus on net value-added, the specific role of economies as upstream suppliers remains underexplored. This study interrogates the spatial and sectoral reconfiguration of the world economy from 1995 to 2020 by operationalizing a targeted analytical framework focused on intermediate production stages. Utilizing the OECD's Inter-Country Input-Output (ICIO) database, a Revealed Comparative Advantage index computed exclusively from intermediate goods trade (RCA-INT) is employed to precisely isolate and map the specialization of economies as suppliers. This primary indicator is analyzed in conjunction with GVC participation indices and production chain length to conduct a systematic comparative assessment of the Asia-Pacific, European, and North American production systems. The empirical analysis elucidates a fundamental realignment of manufacturing capabilities toward the Asia-Pacific, which consolidated its position as the central node in global electronics and automotive value chains. This industrial reconfiguration is juxtaposed with the persistent comparative advantage of resource-endowed economies in agriculture and the entrenched specialization of advanced economies in knowledge-intensive services. Furthermore, the rapid deepening of GVC integration is found to have decelerated post-2008, a trend consistent with the “slowbalization” hypothesis. The study demonstrates that an intermediate goods-based RCA provides a granular mapping of contemporary economic geography, revealing the architecture of supplier networks and how distinct architectures of regional integration systematically condition patterns of industrial specialization. The findings thus contribute a crucial empirical foundation for industrial strategies aimed at enhancing economic resilience within an increasingly fragmented global order. Global Value Chains (GVCs) Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) Inter-Country Input-Output (ICIO) Analysis Regional integration Intermediate Goods Trade Supplier Specialization Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7985616","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":547137132,"identity":"6a2ee174-1296-4cac-821c-0bc62f214632","order_by":0,"name":"Mana Luksamee-arunothai","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Kasetsart University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Mana","middleName":"","lastName":"Luksamee-arunothai","suffix":""},{"id":547137134,"identity":"aaad9be8-ad42-4d0b-b6b4-dc099509e773","order_by":1,"name":"Phubet 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