Pleomorphic Adenoma and Trauma: a Case Report With Rare Clinical Presentation

Abstract BackgroundPleomorphic adenoma (PA) is the most common benign salivary gland tumor. Many factors have been implicated in the etiology of PA, one of which is genetic alteration in PLAG1 and HMGA2 genes. Few cases were reported about PAs appearing in patients with history of trauma or denture wear.Case presentationA 73-year-old female patient presented to the clinic with a gradually increasing mass that appeared two months ago in the upper left labial vestibule. The patient reported wearing a maxillary complete denture for 15 years. Clinical examination revealed a typical denture fissuratum, so surgical excision was the treatment of choice. Upon excision, a fully encapsulated mass was exposed and sent for histological and immunohistochemical analyses that confirmed a final diagnosis of PA.ConclusionThis case suggests a contributory role for trauma in the development of PA, following DNA alterations or through oxidative stress resulting from Chronic Mechanical Irritation (CMI).