Relational Unification of Bosonic and Fermionic Fields: Exchange Statistics and Emergent Pauli Exclusion on Minkowski-Like Spaces

Relational Unification of Bosonic and Fermionic Fields: Exchange Statistics and Emergent Pauli Exclusion on Minkowski-Like Spaces | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Relational Unification of Bosonic and Fermionic Fields: Exchange Statistics and Emergent Pauli Exclusion on Minkowski-Like Spaces Oded Shor, Felix Benninger, Abraham Weizman, Andrei Khrennikov This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-9215728/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 5 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Dendrogramic Holographic Theory (DHT) is a purely relational theory of information in which the primitive elements are events, and physical description is defined by an observer’s dendrogram: a hierarchical tree of binary questions that distinguishes events only through operationally accessible relations. The core postulate is an epistemic form of Leibniz’s Principle of the Identity of Indiscernibles: if two states of affairs cannot be distinguished by any admissible measurement for a given observer, they are identified for that observer. From each dendrogram we construct a views distribution over relational distances and define a one-particle wavefunction from that distribution; many distinct relational configurations can therefore map to the same distribution and the same wavefunction, so a particle is naturally an equivalence class of dendrograms sharing the same wavefunction. We then study two-particle sectors by embedding a pair of finite dendrograms into a host context consisting of one or two larger dendrograms, allowing both equal host and distinct-host comparisons and accommodating a range of size relations. When neither host can be embedded into the other, the host pair is space-like separated in a Minkowski-like parameter space, so exchange signatures arise purely from the relative organization of the embedded structures rather than from causal nesting. Our simulations show that bosonic versus fermionic exchange behaviour is not an intrinsic label of the embedded inputs, but an emergent invariant of the composite relational wiring diagram linking two, often non-relationally closed, information sets through cross-host correlations, reproducing exclusion-like and pile-up behaviour without postulating the Pauli principle. In this sense, DHT offers a unifying perspective on bosonic and fermionic fields: both arise from the same underlying relational degrees of freedom, and boson–fermion conversion corresponds to operations that break or restore relational closure, by changing host choice and embedding pattern, while leaving the one-particle state fixed—an analogue of supersymmetric unification that does not require a new particle spectrum. This suggests a unification of matter and forces at the level of relational organization without introducing new particles and while remaining compatible with a Minkowski-like spacetime encoding. Physical sciences/Mathematics and computing Physical sciences/Physics relational information dendrograms p-adic topology exchange symmetry bosons fermions Pauli exclusion principle Minkowski-like spaces Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Reviewers invited by journal 15 Apr, 2026 Editor assigned by journal 15 Apr, 2026 Editor invited by journal 15 Apr, 2026 Submission checks completed at journal 13 Apr, 2026 First submitted to journal 13 Apr, 2026 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-9215728","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":625554503,"identity":"aee3f29c-a664-4212-a8eb-aab30278caa6","order_by":0,"name":"Oded Shor","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Tel Aviv University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Oded","middleName":"","lastName":"Shor","suffix":""},{"id":625554504,"identity":"47a59bda-873a-472c-9d11-2e5c002fe2c5","order_by":1,"name":"Felix Benninger","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Rabin Medical Centre","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Felix","middleName":"","lastName":"Benninger","suffix":""},{"id":625554505,"identity":"5cac6f08-9d21-4add-b1ba-c6c4acaaefe1","order_by":2,"name":"Abraham Weizman","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Tel Aviv University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Abraham","middleName":"","lastName":"Weizman","suffix":""},{"id":625554506,"identity":"f61ba005-343b-4084-a2b5-813a04585085","order_by":3,"name":"Andrei Khrennikov","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA+0lEQVRIiWNgGAWjYHACAxAyMICwExgY2JsbSNXCc5AYLQwwLQxALRKJ+LXwz27e9uFDAYOxufThY48LCtLkDG4+bHvMw1Anh0uLxJ1jxTNnGDCYWfalpRvPMMgxNrid2G7Mw3DYGKc1N3KMmXkMGGwMzvCYSfMYVCTOnJ3YJs3DcACn8+RBWv6AtfB/g2iZeRCkpa4elxYDkBZgCJgBbWEDaslJ7JdgBGlhTsDlLsMbacWMPQYSxgZn2EAOSzPm50lsk5xjcNgQly1yN5I3M/z4Y2O44QzzM2meP8lybOyHj0m8qaiTx+l9CJDAcDABDaNgFIyCUTAK8AIAQd9K5FOoCUMAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"","institution":"Linnaeus University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Andrei","middleName":"","lastName":"Khrennikov","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2026-03-24 19:53:28","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9215728/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9215728/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":108005623,"identity":"5efeed1f-b0b4-48ae-b27f-c1c220e8aaa5","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-28 12:43:42","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":4658816,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"pauliexxclusionv110.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9215728/v1_covered_0a1b9cd9-b746-4e3a-8e7e-470274c01b78.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Relational Unification of Bosonic and Fermionic Fields: Exchange Statistics and Emergent Pauli Exclusion on Minkowski-Like Spaces","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"scientific-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"scirep","sideBox":"Learn more about [Scientific Reports](http://www.nature.com/srep/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Scientific Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Scientific Reports","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"relational information, dendrograms, p-adic topology, exchange symmetry, bosons, fermions, Pauli exclusion principle, Minkowski-like spaces","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9215728/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9215728/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eDendrogramic Holographic Theory (DHT) is a purely relational theory of information in which the primitive elements are events, and physical description is defined by an observer’s dendrogram: a hierarchical tree of binary questions that distinguishes events only through operationally accessible relations. 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