Modelling the Factors Affecting Port Time Variability

Modelling the Factors Affecting Port Time Variability | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Modelling the Factors Affecting Port Time Variability Prem Chhetri, Lamphai Trakoonsanti, Amanpreet Singh, Shahrooz Shahparvari This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-9460096/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract This paper investigates the impact of port-specific factors on port time variability by identifying, analysing, and modelling their effects. Key factors are innovatively extracted from Automatic Identification System (AIS) data and country-level port data, capturing port dynamics and complex vessel flow network metrics. Structural equation modelling (SEM) is employed to assess their influence on port time variability, defined as the deviation from the average port time - the interval between a vessel’s arrival and departure. The findings reveal that high-quality port infrastructure and geographically favourable locations enhance port logistics efficiency, leading to reduced port time variability. Additionally, port infrastructure quality, location conditions, and network connectivity positively influence port dynamic flow. Port network connectivity and dynamic flow partially mediate the relationship between location conditions and port time variability. These insights contribute to developing strategic port management approaches aimed at improving operational efficiency, reducing congestion and delays, and guiding long-term infrastructure investments to strengthen inter-port connectivity. Port time variability Port delay Port-specific factors Port performance and Port planning Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-9460096","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":633607792,"identity":"22bc8951-a299-44d7-a71c-bdd72235a139","order_by":0,"name":"Prem Chhetri","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA80lEQVRIiWNgGAWjYPCCAwlg8gMDAw+IIUGcFjYGhoMzgFp4SNLCDFJOUIu59OGjGxhq7uTxy/c+PGy7Z5uMPQPzwds8DHaJDTi0WPalpd1gOPasWLKN3eBwzrPbQIexJVvzMCTj1GJwhsfsBmPD4cQNx9gYDuccAGnhMZPmYWDGo4X/G1jLfpAWC7AW/m9ALfX4bGGD2MIG1MIAsYUNqOUwbr/0sJndSDh2OHHGsTSGgz0gLYfZjC3nGBw3xqXFnIf52Y0PNYcT+5uPMX/4ceC2PXt788MbbyqqZXE6DEQkoAgxw8XxaBkFo2AUjIJRgBcAAInAVuuyeuCUAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"RMIT University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Prem","middleName":"","lastName":"Chhetri","suffix":""},{"id":633607793,"identity":"b66b53c1-02ca-4f63-851d-414dba9d1c9c","order_by":1,"name":"Lamphai Trakoonsanti","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Lamphai","middleName":"","lastName":"Trakoonsanti","suffix":""},{"id":633607794,"identity":"751cd1d5-88d5-4fe6-8703-260e11fbf565","order_by":2,"name":"Amanpreet Singh","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"RMIT University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Amanpreet","middleName":"","lastName":"Singh","suffix":""},{"id":633607795,"identity":"f47d9b64-e6aa-45e2-92c3-36d9044ab1ee","order_by":3,"name":"Shahrooz Shahparvari","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"RMIT University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Shahrooz","middleName":"","lastName":"Shahparvari","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2026-04-19 07:38:05","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9460096/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9460096/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":108694978,"identity":"e6b93695-b61a-4b24-b7bf-fab583c49a37","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-05-07 11:41:48","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":659341,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"ManuscriptwithoutAuthorDetails.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9460096/v1_covered_9400430c-baa0-40bd-baff-8125a9fa82de.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Modelling the Factors Affecting Port Time Variability","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Port time variability, Port delay, Port-specific factors, Port performance, and Port planning","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9460096/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9460096/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eThis paper investigates the impact of port-specific factors on port time variability by identifying, analysing, and modelling their effects. 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