A Bayesian analysis of determinants of open science utilization among Gen Z students in Vietnamese universities challenges digital native assumptions

A Bayesian analysis of determinants of open science utilization among Gen Z students in Vietnamese universities challenges digital native assumptions | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article A Bayesian analysis of determinants of open science utilization among Gen Z students in Vietnamese universities challenges digital native assumptions Tuyet-Trinh T. Le, Ho Nguyen, Minh-Cuong Le, Xuan-Mai Vo, Thi-Quynh Pham, and 2 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8350867/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 10 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Open science adoption among Generation Z students in developing contexts presents a critical test of technology acceptance frameworks developed in Western settings. This study examines factors predicting open science resource utilization among 1,422 Vietnamese undergraduate students using Bayesian regression analysis. We tested a theoretical framework integrating Self-Efficacy Theory, Theory of Planned Behavior, Institutional Theory, and Mindsponge Theory through progressive model building. Model comparison via WAIC identified the main effects model as optimal. Results revealed Technical Self-efficacy (β = 0.25) and Open Science Self-efficacy (β = 0.21) as the strongest predictors, with Institutional Support showing moderate effects (β = 0.12). All three predictors demonstrated highly credible positive effects with narrow uncertainty intervals. Contrary to Western technology acceptance models, Perceived Benefits showed minimal direct influence, and Value Alignment demonstrated no credible effect on Utilization. Hypothesized interaction effects between Technical Self-efficacy and Perceived Benefits were not supported by model comparison, suggesting additive rather than synergistic adoption mechanisms. These findings challenge the digital native assumption and reveal that Vietnamese students adopt open science for practical reasons, relying on skills and support rather than ideology. Interventions in resource-constrained settings should therefore prioritize technical skill development and institutional support. This pragmatic approach has implications for advancing open science in the age of AI. open science Generation Z Bayesian analysis self-efficacy mindsponge theory developing contexts Vietnam Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 26 Feb, 2026 Reviews received at journal 25 Feb, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 17 Feb, 2026 Reviews received at journal 17 Feb, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 14 Feb, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 26 Jan, 2026 Reviewers invited by journal 26 Dec, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 18 Dec, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 17 Dec, 2025 First submitted to journal 17 Dec, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8350867","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":565811512,"identity":"269b7e52-d249-4be4-832b-7c220585c8f9","order_by":0,"name":"Tuyet-Trinh T. 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assumptions","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"discover-education","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"diedu","sideBox":"Learn more about [Discover Education](https://www.springer.com/journal/44217)","snPcode":"44217","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/44217/3","title":"Discover Education","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Discover 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This study examines factors predicting open science resource utilization among 1,422 Vietnamese undergraduate students using Bayesian regression analysis. We tested a theoretical framework integrating Self-Efficacy Theory, Theory of Planned Behavior, Institutional Theory, and Mindsponge Theory through progressive model building. Model comparison via WAIC identified the main effects model as optimal. Results revealed Technical Self-efficacy (β\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.25) and Open Science Self-efficacy (β\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.21) as the strongest predictors, with Institutional Support showing moderate effects (β\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.12). All three predictors demonstrated highly credible positive effects with narrow uncertainty intervals. Contrary to Western technology acceptance models, Perceived Benefits showed minimal direct influence, and Value Alignment demonstrated no credible effect on Utilization. Hypothesized interaction effects between Technical Self-efficacy and Perceived Benefits were not supported by model comparison, suggesting additive rather than synergistic adoption mechanisms. These findings challenge the \u003cem\u003edigital native\u003c/em\u003e assumption and reveal that Vietnamese students adopt open science for practical reasons, relying on skills and support rather than ideology. Interventions in resource-constrained settings should therefore prioritize technical skill development and institutional support. This pragmatic approach has implications for advancing open science in the age of AI.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"A Bayesian analysis of determinants of open science utilization among Gen Z students in Vietnamese universities challenges digital native assumptions","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-12-31 09:49:17","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8350867/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2026-02-26T12:55:59+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-02-25T06:52:59+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"272470533604771110845644019272341879226","date":"2026-02-18T02:19:04+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-02-17T08:27:46+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"265404004666959749907631241768111331481","date":"2026-02-14T09:44:24+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"210677831102164369181013036296236459032","date":"2026-01-26T05:45:11+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2025-12-26T10:41:24+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2025-12-18T13:56:42+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2025-12-18T02:25:06+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Discover Education","date":"2025-12-18T02:19:05+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"discover-education","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"diedu","sideBox":"Learn more about [Discover Education](https://www.springer.com/journal/44217)","snPcode":"44217","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/44217/3","title":"Discover Education","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Discover Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"25990e14-dad3-4408-a483-2395410e7c86","owner":[],"postedDate":"December 31st, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"under-review","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-05-15T14:10:35+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-12-31 09:49:17","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-8350867","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-8350867","identity":"rs-8350867","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}