Mitigating Evaporation Losses from Hamrin and Mosul Dam Reservoirs by the Implementation of Floating Photovoltaic Panels

The global water and energy crisis has emerged as a critical challenge necessitating cooperative efforts. Floating solar power plants have recently garnered considerable attention as a reliable option. These employ photovoltaic modules positioned on the surfaces of aquatic structures, such as reservoir dams. Beyond its primary role in energy generation, this innovative system presents a multitude of benefits compared to traditional terrestrial alternatives. Notably, it conserves precious water and land resources, enhances the efficiency of energy modules, and significantly reduces overall waste production. This study meticulously explores the effects of covering the expansive water reservoirs of Hamrin and Mosul Dam in Iraq, specifically focusing on mitigating evaporation losses. The research assesses the impact of varying weather conditions from July through December, a critical period for evaporation dynamics. Additionally, it investigates the effects of different coverage percentages, specifically analysing values of 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%. The results reveal striking potential for water conservation: the Hamrin reservoir could save up to an impressive 12,586,488 cubic meters of water per day, while the Mosul reservoir could conserve around 8,445,494 cubic meters per day. These findings underscore the remarkable potential of reservoir coverage as a strategic approach to water management in the region.