New record of southern right whale dolphin, Lissodelphis peronii (Lacépède, 1804), in coastal waters of Brazil

New record of southern right whale dolphin, Lissodelphis peronii (Lacépède, 1804), in coastal waters of Brazil | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Short Report New record of southern right whale dolphin, Lissodelphis peronii (Lacépède, 1804), in coastal waters of Brazil Luiz Gustavo Ramos Arrial, Thayusky Penha Correa, Pedro Volkmer de Castilho, and 1 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3870619/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 26 Aug, 2024 Read the published version in Polar Biology → Version 1 posted 9 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The southern right whale dolphin, Lissodelphis peronii (Lacépède, 1804), is a species of cetacean that is distributed in cold and deep waters throughout the Southern Hemisphere, with records in coastal waters of the Western Atlantic Ocean being extremely rare and difficult to confirm. In 2019, a recording was made of a specimen, still alive, entangled in a beachside fishing gillnet at Cardoso Beach (-28.6073844°S, -48.8247058°W), in the state of Santa Catarina, on the southern coast of Brazil. The recording was made by a lifeguard using a GoPro camera, made available through citizen science. The animal was untangled and released while still alive, and was not found stranded again after the date of the event. Based on existing literature, this is the second record of the species in Brazilian waters. Analyzing meteorological and oceanographic features from the days preceding the record, it was not possible to make any association between the stranding and the variables analyzed, and it was most likely the record of an individual disoriented due to unknown factors. Cetacea Delphinidae Extralimital records Brazilian coast Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Introduction The southern right whale dolphin, Lissodelphis peronii (Lacépède, 1804), is a species that is distributed in circumpolar subantarctic and cold temperate waters in the Southern Ocean, occurring mainly in waters with temperatures varying between 1 and 20° C throughout the Southern Hemisphere (Newcomer et al., 1996 ; Lipsky and Brownell, 2018 ). In general, the occurrence ranges from approximately 30°S to 60°S, with the southern limit defined by the Antarctic Convergence. However, records further north are associated with cold-water marine currents, mainly the Humboldt current in the Pacific Ocean and the Benguela current on the coast of the South African Atlantic Ocean (Newcomer et al., 1996 ; Bastida et al., 2007 ). Most offshore records occur in southwest Africa and New Zealand (Rose and Payne, 1991 ; Visser et al., 2004 ). On the other hand, sightings in coastal areas are rare events, however, the species has been observed off the coast of Chile and Namibia, particularly within upwelling systems (Aguayo L., 1975; Rose and Payne 1991 ; Pinto Torres et al., 2019 ). In the western South Atlantic Ocean, the few data of the species occurred in cold waters off Tierra del Fuego (Goodall, 1978 ), in the Malvinas/Falkland Islands and South Shetland (Bastida et al., 2007 ), with records still being made in coastal regions further north, close to Mar del Plata (McClennen et al., 2017 ) and Golfo Nuevo, in Argentina (Yazdi, 2002 ). In Brazil, the only case described in the literature is a stranding of a male individual, already dead, which occurred at Una Beach (-23.762668°S, -45.765265°W), on the coast of the state of São Paulo, in 1994 (Martuscelli et al., 1996 ). Since then, no other records of the southern right whale dolphin have been reported in Brazil. In this context, here we report a new sighting of a southern right whale dolphin ( Lissodelphis peronii ) in Brazilian coastal waters. Methodology The recording of a southern right whale dolphin ( Lissodelphis peronii ) specimen in coastal waters was carried out through citizen science, where lifeguard professionals were called by beachgoers about an entanglement of an unidentified organism in a fishing net on the beachside. However, upon responding to the call, the lifeguards observed that it was a dolphin and recorded it using a GoPro camera, for personal use. Later, they provided the videos and additional information to one of the authors of this paper (LGA). Individual identification was based on the morphological characteristics and color pattern of the captured specimen (see Supplementary Material - Fraser, 1955 ; Jefferson et al., 1994 ; Bastida et al., 2007 ). The size of a southern right whale dolphin can vary from 1.8 to 3 m in length, and the species has unique morphological characteristics, such as the absence of a dorsal fin and a typical coloration, exhibiting a black hue in the dorsal region and white shade in the ventral region. (Fraser 1955 ; Jefferson et al., 1994 ; Bastida et al., 2007 ). To better describe the scenario in which the record occurred, we used meteorological and oceanographic data freely available on the internet. Conditions between January 1, 2019 and January 7, 2019 were monitored in order to obtain the daily average values of pressure at sea level (maximum in hPa), wind speed (m/s), precipitation (mm), and maximum temperature (°C). The database of the Farol de Santa Marta’s automatic meteorological station, in Laguna (Santa Catarina), was used as a datasource (A866, Lat.: -28.6073844°S; Long.: -48.8247058°W and Alt.: 34.36 m, (tempo.inmet.gov.br/TableEstacoes/A866). Satellite images of GOES-16, channel 16 (13.3 𝛍m), available from the Division of Satellites and Environmental Systems (DSA) were also used to observe the cloudiness and systems operating in the region (satelite.cptec.inpe.br/acervo/goes16.formulario.logic). Furthermore, synoptic charts made available by the Aeronautics Command Meteorology Network corresponding to the dates and time of 12:00 UTC (redemet.aer.mil.br) were analyzed. Sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll concentration (CHL) information was obtained from remote sensing data from the Terra-Aqua MODIS satellite/sensor using the Level 3 Standard Mapped Image (L3SMI) product (oceancolor.gsfc. nasa.gov/resources/docs/product-levels/). The SST and CHL values were extracted for the specific geographic position of the record with a spatial buffer of 500m and filtered on an 8-day and monthly scale, corresponding to the month of January 2019. The presence of phenomena such as El Niño Southern Oscillation also was investigated through the data repository registered by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA, 2023). In order to assess whether the specimen had not become stranded in the days following the first record date and in search of other records of southern right whale dolphins on the Brazilian coast, the public databases of the Marine Mammal Monitoring Support System (SIMMAM) and the Aquatic Biota Monitoring Information System (SIMBA). SIMMAM is a database that stores information on sightings, accidental captures, and strandings of aquatic mammals from 1980 to 2019 along the entire Brazilian coast. SIMBA, on the other hand, is an information system that stores beach monitoring data regarding marine tetrapods strandings on the coast of Brazil, between Laguna city in Santa Catarina state (-28.494524°S, -48.758840°W) and Saquarema city in Rio de Janeiro state (-22.936887°S, -42.488277°W) since August 2015, making up more than 1,500 km of coastline monitored daily (Fig. 1 - PMP/BS, 2023). Later, the researcher Maurício Tavares from the Natural Sciences Museum of the Center for Coastal, Limnological, and Marine Studies at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (MUCIN/CECLIMAR/UFRGS) who monitors beaches in regions further south, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (Fig. 1 ), was consulted to assess possible strandings in this area. Results and discussion The southern right whale dolphin ( Lissodelphis peronii) was recorded by civil lifeguards, after being bycaught, less than two meters deep at Cardoso Beach, in Laguna (SC) (28.6073844°S, 48.8247058°W), southern Brazil, on January 7, 2019 (Fig. 1 ). The net in which the cetacean was captured is a trammel gillnet (locally known as “feiticeira”) that is fixed in the supralittoral zone and placed in the surf zone, in order to capture demersal and pelagic species, such as the mullet ( Mugil liza ), anchovy ( Pomatomus saltatrix ), king weakfish ( Macrodon atricauda ) and king croaker ( Menticirrhus spp. ) (Pinheiro et al., 2021 a,b). The individual was alive and, after being untangled by the lifeguards, was released and headed towards the open sea. The specimen was not seen in subsequent days. The search in the SIMMAM and SIMBA databases did not return any records of southern right whale dolphin strandings in regions adjacent to the capture area reported here, nor for the locations between Laguna and Saquarema cities on the southern and southeastern coast of Brazil (Fig. 1 ). Also, no strandings of the species were recorded in a region further south than the point of this record (Mauricio Tavares, personal communications - Fig. 1 ). The oceanographic and meteorological conditions during the event do not appear to be atypical for the period. The phenomenon known as El Niño Southern Oscillation was in a neutral state (NOAA, 2023). Within the analyzed period, the automatic meteorological station reported an average maximum pressure at sea level below 1013 hPa (between 1002–1010 hPa), wind speed vary between 3.4 and 11.4 m/s, precipitation was between 0 and 0.1 mm and the maximum temperatures recorded between 23.25 and 25.73°C. The weekly and monthly average SST was 22.68°C and 23.66°C, respectively, while the weekly and monthly average CHL was 1.98 and 1.65 mg m-3, respectively, in the sighting region. The synoptic charts and satellite images showed that, between the 3rd and 4th of January 2019 (12:00 UTC), a low pressure system passed through the state of Santa Catarina. Furthermore, on the day of the recording, a cold front was passing through the state of Rio Grande do Sul (< 1013 hPa), generating instability in the southern region of Brazil, which made it difficult to extract daily SST and CHL values (Fig. 2 ). The occurrence of southern right whale dolphins is limited to cold waters (< 20°C, Newcomer et al., 1996 ). Coastal records of southern right whale dolphins in Chile and Namibia have been associated with upwelling systems (Aguayo L., 1975; Rose and Payne 1991 ; Pinto Torres et al., 2019 ), however, these are regions where the continental shelf is relatively narrow and approaches the coast (e.g.: Van Waerebeek et al., 1991 ), which is not the case in southern Brazil. Despite the common presence of coastal upwelling reported to Cabo Santa Marta region (Acha et al., 2004 ; Pereira et al., 2009 ), the sighting seems not to be associated with this phenomenon. On the day of the entanglement at Farol de Santa Marta and in the days that preceded it, any anomalous oceanographic condition could be associated with the dolphin and it is unlikely that the cold front observed on the day of the event had a direct influence, considering the beginning of its formation in an adjacent and distant area. On the other hand, in the southern region of Brazil, the occurrence of strandings of some cetacean species is also greater during the austral winter and spring months which is often associated with areas characterized by strong winds and waves dynamics (Vianna et al., 2016 ). Cold fronts and extratropical cyclones tend to generate intense winds that can consequently increase the possibility of strandings (Saavedra et al., 2017 ). In the case of pelagic species, some studies associated the occurrence of these animals in coastal waters with wind-driven ocean currents (e.g. Zellar et al., 2021 ). Given the distribution patterns of the southern right whale dolphin and the environmental information analyzed here, it is difficult to determine the mechanism that would explain the presence of the species in coastal waters during the austral summer in southern Brazil, as it is most likely an extremely rare event involving a wandering individual. It is important to highlight that cetacean monitoring data, both on beaches and in offshore waters, provide a more comprehensive understanding of the diversity and distribution of many species (e.g.: Di Tullio et al., 2016 ; Prado et al., 2016 ; PMP/BS, 2023). Finally, this report also reinforces that citizen science information has the potential to help in our understanding of the distribution of marine animals in the Atlantic Ocean by sharing photo and video records personally to researchers or on digital media (Wood et al. 2015 ; Milmann et al., 2019 ). Declarations Acknowledgements To Danilo Rebelo from the Santa Catarina Military Fire Department (CBMSC) for making the video file available and for guiding his team in disentangling the animal, avoiding its death through bycatch. To researcher Maurício Tavares from the Center for Coastal, Limnological, and Marine Studies (CECLIMAR) at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) for additional information. 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Zellar R, Pulkkinen A, Moore K, et al (2021) Oceanic and Atmospheric Correlations to Cetacean Mass Stranding Events in Cape Cod, Massachusetts, USA. Geophys Res Lett 48:e2021GL093697. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL093697 Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Supplementary Files L.peronniinCardosoBeachSCBrazil..mp4 Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 26 Aug, 2024 Read the published version in Polar Biology → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 08 Aug, 2024 Reviews received at journal 12 Apr, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 26 Mar, 2024 Reviews received at journal 18 Mar, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 12 Mar, 2024 Reviewers invited by journal 28 Feb, 2024 Editor assigned by journal 28 Feb, 2024 Submission checks completed at journal 17 Jan, 2024 First submitted to journal 16 Jan, 2024 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-3870619","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Short Report","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":267554209,"identity":"bb32fdf8-1e16-4c64-a725-7647f93b8443","order_by":0,"name":"Luiz Gustavo Ramos Arrial","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA+UlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYJCCAwwFMGYFEDMzNxChxQBIsoGYZ0BaGAlrYYBrYWwD8Qho4Z999uGBHwa1ifPnNz+T+DivNpq/HajlR8U2nFokzqUbHOwxOJ644RibmeTMbcdzZxxmbGDsOXMbtzVn2BgO8BgcS9zAxmBszLvtWG4DUAszYxtuLfJALQf/ALXMb2P/bMw751jufEJaDIBaDvMY1CQ2HOMxfMzbUJO7gZAWQ5AWGYMDxhuO5RQ+nHHsQO5GoJaD+Pwid4aN+eObijrZ+c3HNxz4UFOXO+/84YMPflTg8T4EHEZlHCCkHgjqMBijYBSMglEwCuAAALZhXxDiSn6iAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC)","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Luiz","middleName":"Gustavo Ramos","lastName":"Arrial","suffix":""},{"id":267554211,"identity":"2f378b1b-b0ba-42cb-8aae-6a1460fdb278","order_by":1,"name":"Thayusky Penha Correa","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Universidade da Região de Joinville","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Thayusky","middleName":"Penha","lastName":"Correa","suffix":""},{"id":267554214,"identity":"2d0b46d5-507d-4574-a675-c124cd08e59a","order_by":2,"name":"Pedro Volkmer de Castilho","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC)","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Pedro","middleName":"Volkmer","lastName":"de Castilho","suffix":""},{"id":267554216,"identity":"f5e36bc3-a774-403a-a39b-773ce261ddbc","order_by":3,"name":"Rodrigo Machado","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC)","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Rodrigo","middleName":"","lastName":"Machado","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-01-16 17:59:08","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3870619/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3870619/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-024-03297-y","type":"published","date":"2024-08-26T15:57:08+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":49838356,"identity":"328767dd-dcfb-423b-9a3f-a30459b594e2","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-01-18 19:57:40","extension":"png","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":846999,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eRecords of southern right whale dolphin (\u003cem\u003eLissodelphis peronii\u003c/em\u003e) on the Brazilian coast, at Una Beach, coast of São Paulo state (Martuscelli et al. 1996) and the present record at Cardoso Beach, coast of Santa Catarina state. The red line on the coast represents the area monitored by the Santos Basin Beach Monitoring Project (PMP-BS), while the orange line represents the area monitored by the Museum of Natural Sciences of the Center for Coastal, Limnological, and Marine Studies at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (MUCIN/CECLIMAR/UFRGS).\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Figure1.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3870619/v1/1c6c5b4a530e9bc454244c59.png"},{"id":49838357,"identity":"9a38f81f-ab97-4ae5-92cb-4aeea6c88770","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-01-18 19:57:41","extension":"png","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":5249038,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eA) GOES-16 satellite image, demonstrating the current conditions indicating the passage of a cold front through southern Brazil. B) Synoptic map of mean sea level pressure on January 7, 2019 (12:00 UTC). Record region indicated by the yellow arrow.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Figure2.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3870619/v1/ca39a2c3f75fd5821c4deb5e.png"},{"id":63820820,"identity":"8e3c51e8-f0ab-4ca0-bf41-6aa89c29737b","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-09-02 16:09:03","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":6656401,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3870619/v1/cf95908c-43bf-415f-97de-b3ded25f95be.pdf"},{"id":49838359,"identity":"d1feb097-69d8-412e-9f78-8e766d354839","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-01-18 19:57:41","extension":"mp4","order_by":4,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":13392034,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"L.peronniinCardosoBeachSCBrazil..mp4","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3870619/v1/1ee868a95b038da8984120b2.mp4"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"New record of southern right whale dolphin, Lissodelphis peronii (Lacépède, 1804), in coastal waters of Brazil","fulltext":[{"header":"Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe southern right whale dolphin, \u003cem\u003eLissodelphis peronii\u003c/em\u003e (Lac\u0026eacute;p\u0026egrave;de, 1804), is a species that is distributed in circumpolar subantarctic and cold temperate waters in the Southern Ocean, occurring mainly in waters with temperatures varying between 1 and 20\u0026deg; C throughout the Southern Hemisphere (Newcomer et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1996\u003c/span\u003e; Lipsky and Brownell, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2018\u003c/span\u003e). In general, the occurrence ranges from approximately 30\u0026deg;S to 60\u0026deg;S, with the southern limit defined by the Antarctic Convergence. However, records further north are associated with cold-water marine currents, mainly the Humboldt current in the Pacific Ocean and the Benguela current on the coast of the South African Atlantic Ocean (Newcomer et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1996\u003c/span\u003e; Bastida et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2007\u003c/span\u003e). Most offshore records occur in southwest Africa and New Zealand (Rose and Payne, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1991\u003c/span\u003e; Visser et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR27\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2004\u003c/span\u003e). On the other hand, sightings in coastal areas are rare events, however, the species has been observed off the coast of Chile and Namibia, particularly within upwelling systems (Aguayo L., 1975; Rose and Payne \u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1991\u003c/span\u003e; Pinto Torres et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR20\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2019\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn the western South Atlantic Ocean, the few data of the species occurred in cold waters off Tierra del Fuego (Goodall, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1978\u003c/span\u003e), in the Malvinas/Falkland Islands and South Shetland (Bastida et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2007\u003c/span\u003e), with records still being made in coastal regions further north, close to Mar del Plata (McClennen et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e) and Golfo Nuevo, in Argentina (Yazdi, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2002\u003c/span\u003e). In Brazil, the only case described in the literature is a stranding of a male individual, already dead, which occurred at Una Beach (-23.762668\u0026deg;S, -45.765265\u0026deg;W), on the coast of the state of S\u0026atilde;o Paulo, in 1994 (Martuscelli et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1996\u003c/span\u003e). Since then, no other records of the southern right whale dolphin have been reported in Brazil. In this context, here we report a new sighting of a southern right whale dolphin (\u003cem\u003eLissodelphis peronii\u003c/em\u003e) in Brazilian coastal waters.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Methodology","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe recording of a southern right whale dolphin (\u003cem\u003eLissodelphis peronii\u003c/em\u003e) specimen in coastal waters was carried out through citizen science, where lifeguard professionals were called by beachgoers about an entanglement of an unidentified organism in a fishing net on the beachside. However, upon responding to the call, the lifeguards observed that it was a dolphin and recorded it using a GoPro camera, for personal use. Later, they provided the videos and additional information to one of the authors of this paper (LGA). Individual identification was based on the morphological characteristics and color pattern of the captured specimen (see Supplementary Material - Fraser, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1955\u003c/span\u003e; Jefferson et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1994\u003c/span\u003e; Bastida et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2007\u003c/span\u003e). The size of a southern right whale dolphin can vary from 1.8 to 3 m in length, and the species has unique morphological characteristics, such as the absence of a dorsal fin and a typical coloration, exhibiting a black hue in the dorsal region and white shade in the ventral region. (Fraser \u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1955\u003c/span\u003e; Jefferson et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1994\u003c/span\u003e; Bastida et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2007\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTo better describe the scenario in which the record occurred, we used meteorological and oceanographic data freely available on the internet. Conditions between January 1, 2019 and January 7, 2019 were monitored in order to obtain the daily average values of pressure at sea level (maximum in hPa), wind speed (m/s), precipitation (mm), and maximum temperature (\u0026deg;C). The database of the Farol de Santa Marta\u0026rsquo;s automatic meteorological station, in Laguna (Santa Catarina), was used as a datasource (A866, Lat.: -28.6073844\u0026deg;S; Long.: -48.8247058\u0026deg;W and Alt.: 34.36 m, (tempo.inmet.gov.br/TableEstacoes/A866). Satellite images of GOES-16, channel 16 (13.3 \u0026#120525;m), available from the Division of Satellites and Environmental Systems (DSA) were also used to observe the cloudiness and systems operating in the region (satelite.cptec.inpe.br/acervo/goes16.formulario.logic). Furthermore, synoptic charts made available by the Aeronautics Command Meteorology Network corresponding to the dates and time of 12:00 UTC (redemet.aer.mil.br) were analyzed.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll concentration (CHL) information was obtained from remote sensing data from the Terra-Aqua MODIS satellite/sensor using the Level 3 Standard Mapped Image (L3SMI) product (oceancolor.gsfc. nasa.gov/resources/docs/product-levels/). The SST and CHL values were extracted for the specific geographic position of the record with a spatial buffer of 500m and filtered on an 8-day and monthly scale, corresponding to the month of January 2019. The presence of phenomena such as El Ni\u0026ntilde;o Southern Oscillation also was investigated through the data repository registered by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA, 2023).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn order to assess whether the specimen had not become stranded in the days following the first record date and in search of other records of southern right whale dolphins on the Brazilian coast, the public databases of the Marine Mammal Monitoring Support System (SIMMAM) and the Aquatic Biota Monitoring Information System (SIMBA). SIMMAM is a database that stores information on sightings, accidental captures, and strandings of aquatic mammals from 1980 to 2019 along the entire Brazilian coast. SIMBA, on the other hand, is an information system that stores beach monitoring data regarding marine tetrapods strandings on the coast of Brazil, between Laguna city in Santa Catarina state (-28.494524\u0026deg;S, -48.758840\u0026deg;W) and Saquarema city in Rio de Janeiro state (-22.936887\u0026deg;S, -42.488277\u0026deg;W) since August 2015, making up more than 1,500 km of coastline monitored daily (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e - PMP/BS, 2023). Later, the researcher Maur\u0026iacute;cio Tavares from the Natural Sciences Museum of the Center for Coastal, Limnological, and Marine Studies at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (MUCIN/CECLIMAR/UFRGS) who monitors beaches in regions further south, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e), was consulted to assess possible strandings in this area.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Results and discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe southern right whale dolphin (\u003cem\u003eLissodelphis peronii)\u003c/em\u003e was recorded by civil lifeguards, after being bycaught, less than two meters deep at Cardoso Beach, in Laguna (SC) (28.6073844\u0026deg;S, 48.8247058\u0026deg;W), southern Brazil, on January 7, 2019 (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe net in which the cetacean was captured is a trammel gillnet (locally known as \u0026ldquo;feiticeira\u0026rdquo;) that is fixed in the supralittoral zone and placed in the surf zone, in order to capture demersal and pelagic species, such as the mullet (\u003cem\u003eMugil liza\u003c/em\u003e), anchovy (\u003cem\u003ePomatomus saltatrix\u003c/em\u003e), king weakfish (\u003cem\u003eMacrodon atricauda\u003c/em\u003e) and king croaker (\u003cem\u003eMenticirrhus spp.\u003c/em\u003e) (Pinheiro et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003ea,b). The individual was alive and, after being untangled by the lifeguards, was released and headed towards the open sea. The specimen was not seen in subsequent days. The search in the SIMMAM and SIMBA databases did not return any records of southern right whale dolphin strandings in regions adjacent to the capture area reported here, nor for the locations between Laguna and Saquarema cities on the southern and southeastern coast of Brazil (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e). Also, no strandings of the species were recorded in a region further south than the point of this record (Mauricio Tavares, personal communications - Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe oceanographic and meteorological conditions during the event do not appear to be atypical for the period. The phenomenon known as El Ni\u0026ntilde;o Southern Oscillation was in a neutral state (NOAA, 2023). Within the analyzed period, the automatic meteorological station reported an average maximum pressure at sea level below 1013 hPa (between 1002\u0026ndash;1010 hPa), wind speed vary between 3.4 and 11.4 m/s, precipitation was between 0 and 0.1 mm and the maximum temperatures recorded between 23.25 and 25.73\u0026deg;C. The weekly and monthly average SST was 22.68\u0026deg;C and 23.66\u0026deg;C, respectively, while the weekly and monthly average CHL was 1.98 and 1.65 mg m-3, respectively, in the sighting region. The synoptic charts and satellite images showed that, between the 3rd and 4th of January 2019 (12:00 UTC), a low pressure system passed through the state of Santa Catarina. Furthermore, on the day of the recording, a cold front was passing through the state of Rio Grande do Sul (\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;1013 hPa), generating instability in the southern region of Brazil, which made it difficult to extract daily SST and CHL values (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe occurrence of southern right whale dolphins is limited to cold waters (\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;20\u0026deg;C, Newcomer et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1996\u003c/span\u003e). Coastal records of southern right whale dolphins in Chile and Namibia have been associated with upwelling systems (Aguayo L., 1975; Rose and Payne \u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1991\u003c/span\u003e; Pinto Torres et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR20\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2019\u003c/span\u003e), however, these are regions where the continental shelf is relatively narrow and approaches the coast (e.g.: Van Waerebeek et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR25\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1991\u003c/span\u003e), which is not the case in southern Brazil. Despite the common presence of coastal upwelling reported to Cabo Santa Marta region (Acha et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2004\u003c/span\u003e; Pereira et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR16\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2009\u003c/span\u003e), the sighting seems not to be associated with this phenomenon.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOn the day of the entanglement at Farol de Santa Marta and in the days that preceded it, any anomalous oceanographic condition could be associated with the dolphin and it is unlikely that the cold front observed on the day of the event had a direct influence, considering the beginning of its formation in an adjacent and distant area. On the other hand, in the southern region of Brazil, the occurrence of strandings of some cetacean species is also greater during the austral winter and spring months which is often associated with areas characterized by strong winds and waves dynamics (Vianna et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR26\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2016\u003c/span\u003e). Cold fronts and extratropical cyclones tend to generate intense winds that can consequently increase the possibility of strandings (Saavedra et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR24\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e). In the case of pelagic species, some studies associated the occurrence of these animals in coastal waters with wind-driven ocean currents (e.g. Zellar et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR30\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGiven the distribution patterns of the southern right whale dolphin and the environmental information analyzed here, it is difficult to determine the mechanism that would explain the presence of the species in coastal waters during the austral summer in southern Brazil, as it is most likely an extremely rare event involving a wandering individual. It is important to highlight that cetacean monitoring data, both on beaches and in offshore waters, provide a more comprehensive understanding of the diversity and distribution of many species (e.g.: Di Tullio et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2016\u003c/span\u003e; Prado et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2016\u003c/span\u003e; PMP/BS, 2023). Finally, this report also reinforces that citizen science information has the potential to help in our understanding of the distribution of marine animals in the Atlantic Ocean by sharing photo and video records personally to researchers or on digital media (Wood et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2015\u003c/span\u003e ; Milmann et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR12\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2019\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAcknowledgements\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo Danilo Rebelo from the Santa Catarina Military Fire Department (CBMSC) for making the video file available and for guiding his team in disentangling the animal, avoiding its death through bycatch. To researcher Maur\u0026iacute;cio Tavares from the Center for Coastal, Limnological, and Marine Studies (CECLIMAR) at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAcha EM, Mianzan HW, Guerrero RA, et al (2004) Marine fronts at the continental shelves of austral South America: Physical and ecological processes. J Mar Syst 44:83\u0026ndash;105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2003.09.005\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAguayo LA (1975) Progress Report on Small Cetacean Research in Chile. J Fish Res Board Can 32:1123\u0026ndash;1143. https://doi.org/10.1139/f75-134\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBastida R, Rodr\u0026iacute;guez D, Secchi E, Silva V (2007) Mam\u0026iacute;feros Acu\u0026aacute;ticos de Sudam\u0026eacute;rica y Ant\u0026aacute;rtida. Vazquez Mazzini Editores, Buenos Aires\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBuscaglia, M., Sielfeld, W., \u0026amp; Aguayo-Lobo, A. (2020). Dolphins distributions (Mammalia: Delphinidae) in an upwellings zone (Chile). Anales del Instituto de la Patagonia, 48(2), Article 2.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDi Tullio, JC., Gandra, TBR., Zerbini, AN., \u0026amp; Secchi, ER. (2016). Diversity and Distribution Patterns of Cetaceans in the Subtropical Southwestern Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf and Slope. PLOS ONE, 11(5), e0155841. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0155841\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFraser, FC. (1955). The southern right whale dolphin, Lissodelphis peronii (Lac\u0026eacute;p\u0026egrave;de) external characteristics and distribution. Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) Zool. 2(2), 339\u0026ndash;346\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGoodall RN (1978) Report on the small cetaceans stranded on the coasts of Tierra del Fuego. Scientific Reports of the Whales Research Institute 197\u0026ndash;230\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eJefferson T, Newcomer M, Leatherwood S, Van Waerebeek K (1994) Right Whale Dolphins Lissodelphis borealis (Peale, 1848) and Lissodelphis peronii (Lac\u0026eacute;p\u0026egrave;de, 1804). pp 335\u0026ndash;362\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLipsky JD, Brownell RL (2018) Right Whale Dolphins Lissodelphis borealis and L. peronii: In: W\u0026uuml;rsig B, Thewissen JGM, Kovacs KM (eds) Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals (Third Edition). Academic Press, pp 813\u0026ndash;817\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMartuscelli P, Olmos F, Silva R, et al (1996) Cetaceans of S\u0026atilde;o Paulo, Southeastern Brazil. Mammalia 60:125\u0026ndash;140. https://doi.org/10.1515/mamm.1996.60.1.125\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMcClennen M, Jenkins J, Uhen M (2017). Paleobiology Database. Paleobiology Database. Occurrence dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/jfqhiu accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-10-09. https://doi.org/10.2307/3504326\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMilmann L, Machado R, de Oliveira LR, Ott PH (2019) Far away from home: presence of fur seal (Arctocephalus sp.) in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean. Polar Biol 42:817\u0026ndash;822.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNewcomer MW, Jefferson TA, Brownell RL (1996) Lissodelphis peronii. Mamm Species 1. https://doi.org/10.2307/3504326\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNOAA. 2019. Historical ENSO episodes (1950\u0026ndash;present): Cold and warm episodes by season. National Weather Service, Climate Prediction Center. Available at: https://origin.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/analysis_monitoring/ensostuff/ONI_v5.php\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePetrobras. Projeto Executivo Integrado do Projeto de Monitoramento de Praias da Bacia de Santos \u0026ndash; PMP-BS. Volume \u0026uacute;nico, 2019.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePereira, MD., Schettini, CAF., \u0026amp; Omachi, CY. (2009). Caracteriza\u0026ccedil;\u0026atilde;o de fei\u0026ccedil;\u0026otilde;es oceanogr\u0026aacute;ficas na plataforma de Santa Catarina atrav\u0026eacute;s de imagens orbitais. Revista Brasileira de Geof\u0026iacute;sica, 27(1). https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-261X2009000100007 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112946\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePinheiro, LM, Lupchinski Junior, E, Machado, R, 2021. Pesca com redes de cabo no litoral Norte do Rio Grande do Sul: uma atividade sustent\u0026aacute;vel? In: Melo Junior, JCF, Lorenzi, L (Eds.), Indicadores ambientais e conserva\u0026ccedil;\u0026atilde;o da biodiversidade. Editora da Universidade da Regi\u0026atilde;o de Joinville, Joinville. https://doi.org/10.47536/jcrm.v8i3.721\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePinheiro LM, Lupchinski Junior E, Denuncio P, Machado R (2021) Fishing plastics: A high occurrence of marine litter in surf-zone trammel nets of Southern Brazil. Mar Pollut Bull 173:112946. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112946\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePinto Torres M, Acevedo J, Mora C, et al (2019) Sighting of southern right whale dolphin (Lissodelphis peronii) in the Magellan Strait, Chile. Polar Biol 42:. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-018-02446-4\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrado JHF, Mattos PH, Silva KG, Secchi ER (2016) Long-Term Seasonal and Interannual Patterns of Marine Mammal Strandings in Subtropical Western South Atlantic. PLoS ONE 11(1): e0146339. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0146339\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRodrigues MLG, Franco D, Sugahara S (2004) Climatologia de frentes frias no litoral de Santa Catarina. Rev Bras Geof\u0026iacute;sica 22:135\u0026ndash;151. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-261X2004000200004\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRose B, Payne AIL (1991) Occurrence and Behavior of the Southern Right Whale Dolphin Lissodelphis Peronii Off Namibia. Mar Mammal Sci 7:25\u0026ndash;34. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.1991.tb00547.x\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSaavedra C, Pierce GJ, Gago J, et al (2017) Factors driving patterns and trends in strandings of small cetaceans. Mar Biol 164:165. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-017-3200-3\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVan Waerebeek, K., Canto, J., Gonzalez, J., Oporto, J., \u0026amp; Brito, J. L. (1991). Southern right whale dolphins, Lissodelphis peronii off the Pacific coast of South America. Zeitschrift f\u0026uuml;r S\u0026auml;ugetierkunde, 56(5), 284-295.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVianna T dos S, Loch C, Castilho PV de, et al (2016) Review of thirty-two years of toothed whale strandings in Santa Catarina, southern Brazil (Cetacea: Odontoceti). Zool Curitiba 33:e20160089. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-4689zool-20160089\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVisser IN, Fertl D, Pusser LT (2004) Melanistic southern right‐whale dolphins (Lissodelphis peronii) off Kaikoura, New Zealand, with records of other anomalously all‐black cetaceans. N Z J Mar Freshw Res 38:833\u0026ndash;836. https://doi.org/10.1080/00288330.2004.9517282\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWood J, Moretzsohn F, Gibeaut J (2015) Extending Marine Species Distribution Maps Using Non-Traditional Sources. Biodivers Data J 3:e4900. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e4900\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYazdi P (2002) A possible hybrid between the dusky dolphin (Lagenorhynchus obscurus) and the southern right whale dolphin (Lissodelphis peronii). Aquatic Mammals. 28: 211\u0026ndash;217.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eZellar R, Pulkkinen A, Moore K, et al (2021) Oceanic and Atmospheric Correlations to Cetacean Mass Stranding Events in Cape Cod, Massachusetts, USA. Geophys Res Lett 48:e2021GL093697. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL093697\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"polar-biology","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"pobi","sideBox":"Learn more about [Polar Biology](http://link.springer.com/journal/300)","snPcode":"300","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/300/3","title":"Polar Biology","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"Cetacea, Delphinidae, Extralimital records, Brazilian coast","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3870619/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3870619/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eThe southern right whale dolphin, \u003cem\u003eLissodelphis peronii\u003c/em\u003e (Lac\u0026eacute;p\u0026egrave;de, 1804), is a species of cetacean that is distributed in cold and deep waters throughout the Southern Hemisphere, with records in coastal waters of the Western Atlantic Ocean being extremely rare and difficult to confirm. In 2019, a recording was made of a specimen, still alive, entangled in a beachside fishing gillnet at Cardoso Beach (-28.6073844\u0026deg;S, -48.8247058\u0026deg;W), in the state of Santa Catarina, on the southern coast of Brazil. The recording was made by a lifeguard using a GoPro camera, made available through citizen science. The animal was untangled and released while still alive, and was not found stranded again after the date of the event. Based on existing literature, this is the second record of the species in Brazilian waters. Analyzing meteorological and oceanographic features from the days preceding the record, it was not possible to make any association between the stranding and the variables analyzed, and it was most likely the record of an individual disoriented due to unknown factors.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"New record of southern right whale dolphin, Lissodelphis peronii (Lacépède, 1804), in coastal waters of Brazil","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2024-01-18 19:57:36","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3870619/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2024-08-08T14:03:31+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2024-04-12T22:50:39+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"a9abf771-84be-4f6b-b8af-09ffd286000a","date":"2024-03-26T14:54:17+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2024-03-18T16:35:57+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"c1732446-c991-46c3-bdd2-8dfcc1c18d9c","date":"2024-03-12T15:10:56+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2024-02-28T11:41:13+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2024-02-28T11:37:38+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2024-01-17T05:55:13+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Polar Biology","date":"2024-01-16T17:47:23+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"polar-biology","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"pobi","sideBox":"Learn more about [Polar Biology](http://link.springer.com/journal/300)","snPcode":"300","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/300/3","title":"Polar Biology","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"9543a975-ce8c-44e2-ba60-e30e62008931","owner":[],"postedDate":"January 18th, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2024-09-02T15:59:53+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-3870619","link":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-024-03297-y","journal":{"identity":"polar-biology","isVorOnly":false,"title":"Polar Biology"},"publishedOn":"2024-08-26 15:57:08","publishedOnDateReadable":"August 26th, 2024"},"versionCreatedAt":"2024-01-18 19:57:36","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1007/s00300-024-03297-y","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-024-03297-y","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-3870619","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-3870619","identity":"rs-3870619","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"qtupq5eGEP_6zYnWcrvyt","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}