The Effect of Different Strength Training on Performance Success of U17 Football Team Athletes

The Effect of Different Strength Training on Performance Success of U17 Football Team Athletes | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article The Effect of Different Strength Training on Performance Success of U17 Football Team Athletes Ahmet Turgut, Muhsin Hazar, Volkan Sural, Metehan Şahin, Kayhan Serin This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6439756/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract This study aimed to investigate the effect of a strength training program consisting of resistance band, core and plyometric training for 8 weeks on the performance success of football players. Ten active soccer players with an average age of X̄=16,60 ± 0,52 participated in the study. For the statistical analysis of the data, the changes in physical fitness parameters were examined after 8 weeks of the resistance band, core and plyometric training. The data were obtained by using the sprint dribbling test, short pass test, standing ball shooting test and foot pass ball shooting test developed by Rösch, Hodgson, Peterson, Graf-Baumann, Junge, Chomiak, & Dvorak, 2000. In this context, the "One Group Pre-Test - Post-Test Model”, one of the experimental methods, was applied in the study. Data analysis was performed with the SPSS 27 IBM program. In the study, the Wilcoxon signed-ranks test, one of the non-parametric tests, was used to determine the difference between the pre-test and post-test of the soccer players. In addition, the data were summarised by giving averages and standard deviations. According to the findings obtained from the research, it was determined that different strength training (core, plyometric and resistance band) increased the performance success of soccer players in sprint dribbling, short passes, shots with standing balls and shots with foot passes. Soccer Resistance band Core Plyometric Performance Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 INTRODUCTION Football is a particularly physically demanding sport that includes jumps, turns, tackles, high-speed runs and sprints, and many short-term intense movements (Bangsbo et al., 1991 ; Bangsbo, 1994 ; Mayhew, 1985 ; Nobari et al., 2021 ). Many factors affect soccer player performance. These factors are mobility, strength, speed, endurance, flexibility, quick thinking and decision-making (Helgerud et al., 2001 ). At the same time, in addition to physical ability, psychological skills, technical and tactical capacities of soccer players are also at a high level, positively affecting their performance success (Clifford, 1994 ). The muscles' ability to contract or withstand a certain amount of resistance in the face of resistance is called strength (Şahin, 2004 ). Sprint strength, quick strength, striking strength, jumping strength and shooting strength, which affect athlete performance in soccer, are directly related to the general strength of soccer players (Aktuğ, 2013 ). With the development of the strength abilities of soccer players, their technical and conditional characteristics improve and develop. At the same time, small muscle groups, which can develop to a more limited degree than large muscle groups, are also strengthened (Denner, 1987 ). Exercises are important for soccer players. Exercises play a major role in improving soccer players' performance, reducing the possibility of injury, and staying at the highest level during the season. At this point, the effects of exercises performed with different equipment, such as resistance bands, on the physical fitness parameters of soccer players are important (Bompa & Haff, 2009 ). Resistance bands are efficient exercise equipment that helps challenge and strengthen individuals' muscles. By using resistance bands in their training, soccer players will likely increase their muscle strength and improve physical fitness parameters such as strength and endurance. Most studies have shown that exercises using resistance bands can improve soccer players' parameters such as jumping power, agility, speed and endurance. At the same time, it should be noted that the effects of resistance bands on soccer players' performance may vary from athlete to athlete and depending on the type of exercise. To exemplify this, some studies squat exercises performed using resistance bands increase the muscle strength and vertical jumping power of soccer players. In another example, it was found that leg opening and closing exercises performed with resistance bands contributed to agility and leg muscle strengthening in soccer players (Gonçalves et al., 2010 ). The core is the region of the body that includes the centre of gravity of the body and consists of 29 muscles, including the “abdomen, waist, hips and pelvis” (Samson, Sandrey, & Hetrick, 2007 ). The exercise programs that aim to gain the strength of the deep muscles that keep the spine in balance and the muscles in the lumbopelvic region can be performed with human beings' body weights or by using various equipment such as exercise bands, pilates balls, bosu, are called core training (Atan, Kabadayı, Elioz, Çilhoraz, & Akyol, 2013 ). Increasing the muscle stiffness of the trunk transfers the force more efficiently. This allows the extremities to move at a higher speed (Axel et al., 2018 ). In a study on core, core and plyometric training was applied to adolescent soccer players. As a result of these applications, motoric and technical skill development was determined in soccer players (Şimşek, 2019 ). One of the methods that both improves the explosiveness of athletes and contributes to the rapid and efficient use of the force stored in the muscles is plyometric training (Aykora & Dönmez, 2017 ). This training is also called reaching the maximum strength of the muscle in the shortest time and obtaining the maximum strength at this point; in other words, the muscles quickly and effectively generate maximum power (Dündar, 2015 ). Plyometric training is important for many branches in terms of athletes' strength and rapid utilisation of this strength, although there is as little increase in muscle tissue as possible. Plyometric training is mostly utilised in areas with excessive parameters such as power, speed, and explosiveness (Günay et al., 2017 ). Plyometric exercises, standing and multiple jumps, box and depth jumps are also called plyometric exercises for the lower body. In addition, catches, medicine ball throws, and different drills are utilised for the upper body (Haff & Triplett, 2015 ). The materials used in such exercises are medicine balls of various weights, crates of different sizes, barriers, obstacles, funnels, ladders, weight vests and dumbbell sets (Chu, 1998 ). Plyometric training has been determined to affect soccer players' vertical jumps, agility and leg strength (Yarayan & Müniroğlu, 2020). When the performance test results obtained in sports were evaluated, it was determined that strength directly or indirectly affects athlete performances in various sports fields (Gündüz, 1997 ). Foot speed is critical during contact with the ball in soccer. This important factor is the speed of the ball and the distance of the kick when the footballer hits the ball. Therefore, strength training is important to determine training programs that can increase the foot speed of soccer players (Young & Rath, 2011 ). In this context, it was determined that different strength training programs applied to young soccer players had positive effects on anaerobic power, speed and functional movement screening test scores (Günebakan, 2024 ). The effect of sprint interval and plyometric training on improving the physical fitness of soccer players was determined. In particular, it was determined that there were many improvements in anaerobic power, vertical jump, linear speed and change of direction performance of soccer players (Yang, Chen, Qi, Zhang, & Men, 2024 ). In this context, this research was planned to apply strength training consisting of resistance band, core and plyometric training, and the regular training program that will last 3 days a week for 8 weeks. The effect of these strength exercises on the performance success of soccer players will be examined by applying the speed dribbling tests, short pass tests, foot pass ball shooting tests and dead ball shooting tests. METHOD Research Design “Single Group Pre-Test - Post-Test Model”, one of the experimental methods, was applied in the study. Since the effect of the experimental process in the study was tested with the research applied on a single group, the “Single group pretest-posttest” experimental design, one of the quantitative research methods, was utilised. An experimental design is defined as a research design that is used to reveal the cause-and-effect relationships between variables (Büyüköztürk, 2016). Study Group The study population consisted of athletes born in 2008 and 2009, forming the 17 U football teams. The sample in the study was determined by the purposive sampling method, which is one of the non-random sampling methods. The research was conducted with 10 volunteer male football players. The research was conducted with a single football team (Şekerspor) for the reliability of the research due to the effects of different training programmes. The informed consent form was obtained from the footballers before the research. Compliance with ethical standards This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethics approval was obtained from the ethics committee of the Gazi University (02, January 28, 2025). Study Protocol The study group included in the research was applied resistance band for 2 days and core and plyometric exercises for 1 day. Resistance band characteristics are as follows: Red colour, moderately difficult resistance, 1.8 force-extension relationship; green colour, difficult resistance, 2.3 force-extension relationship; blue colour, very difficult resistance, 3.2 force-extension relationship. Resistance Band Training Table 1. Resistance band training programme Days Resistance Band Training 1. 2. and 3. week 4. 5. and 6. week 7. and 8. Week- Resting Forward to Lateral Strep (Right foot), Forward to Lateral Strep (Left foot), Straight Leg (Right foot), Straight Leg (Left foot), Lateral Raise (Right foot), Lateral Raise (Left foot), Knee Drive (Right foot), Knee Drive (Left foot), Hamstring Curl (Right foot), Hamstring Curl (Left foot), Squats, Lateral Walk, Diagonal Walk, Glute Bridges, Scissors. Set Repeat Resistance Band Set Repeat Resistance Band Set Repeat Resistance Band Set Repeat Monday 2 20 sec Red 3 20 sec Green 4 20 sec Blue 20 sn 120 sec Friday 2 20 sec Red 3 20 sec Green 4 20 sec Blue 20 sec 120 sec In addition to the in-season football training, a different strength training programme, including resistance band exercises specified in Table 1, was applied to the experimental group 2 days a week for 8 weeks. Core and Plyometric Training Training, two sets were done for the first 3 weeks. When the sets were over, 1 minute rest was made, and the other movement was started. Movements were performed for 15 seconds, and intermediate rests for 15 seconds. When done in this way, 1 set was completed. In the 4th, 5th and 6th week, three sets were made. When the sets were finished, a 1-minute and 30-second rest was performed, and the other movement was started. Movements were performed for 15 seconds, and intermediate rests for 15 seconds. When done in this way, 1 set was completed. In the 7th and 8th week, four sets were made. When the sets were finished, 2 minutes rest was made, and the other movement was started. Movements were performed for 15 seconds, and intermediate rests for 15 seconds. When performed in this way, 1 set was completed. The movements are as follows: Shuttle, Cross Shuttle, Reverse Shuttle, Plank, Crunch, Double Crunch, Drop jump, Box jump, Mini Squat jump and Split Squat Jump. Table 2. Core and plyometric training programme Days Core and plyometric training 1. 2. and 3. week 4. 5. and 6. week 7. and 8. week Resting Sit-ups, Coss sit-ups, Reverse sit-ups, Plank, Crunch, Double Crunch, Drop jump, Box jump, Mini Squat jump Split Squat Jump Set Tekrar Set Tekrar Set Tekrar Set Repeat Wednesday 2 20 sec 3 20 sec 4 20 sec 20 sec 120 sec In addition to in-season football training, different strength training programmes, including core and plyometric exercises specified in Table 2, were applied to the experimental group 1 day a week for 8 weeks. Data Collection Tools 1. Sprint Dribbling Test The sprint dribbling test provides a test of coordinated dribbling and speed under time pressure. On the ‘Ready and Go’ signal, the athlete starts with the ball behind the line (1). After 5 metres, he dribbles to the right around the first post of the triangle (2). He/she passes around eight posts arranged in different ways. After 10 metres, he dribbles around a block/box (3). After 8 metres, he/she sends the ball forward on one side of the square (4) and runs to the other side (5) to retrieve the ball (6). He dribbles the ball quickly and passes his foot with the ball between the flags (7). The researcher measures a total of 3 attempts made by the footballer. Moreover, the best score is taken as the footballer's sprint dribbling test (Rösch et al., 2000). The Sprint Dribbling Test is shown in Figure 1. 2. Short Pass Test The short pass test measures the footballer's coordination and passing accuracy with the moving ball. The footballer dribbles the ball from 4 metres to the line. The distance between the line and the goal is 11 metres. The width of the goal is 0.9 metres, and the height is 0.6 metres. The researcher measures five short pass tests performed by the footballer. If the ball enters the goal, he gets 3 points; if the ball touches the goalpost, he gets 1 point (Rösch et al., 2000). The Short Pass Test is shown in Figure 2. 3. Stopped (Dead) Ball Shooting Test The dead ball shooting test determines the measurement of shooting and accuracy with a dead ball. The football is placed 16 metres from the goal. The footballer shoots at the goal divided into six equal parts. The footballer throws the first shot to the upper right section. Then, he shoots at the upper left section. The researcher measures 3 shots of the footballer for each corner. If the footballer's shot goes into the right compartment, he gets 3 points; if the ball touches the element (rope) bounding the compartments, he gets 1 point. 1 point if the ball passes through the centre section. However, if the shot passes through the lower compartments, the player receives zero (0) points (Rösch et al., 2000). The illustration of the Stopped (Dead) Ball Shooting Test is given in Figure 3. 4. Shooting the Ball Given by Foot Pass Test The test of shooting the ball with a foot pass measures the coordination and accuracy of the shot made by the football player with the pass coming from the ground. The researcher throws a pass from 20 meters to the penalty point. The football player throws the ball into the goal after a short run. The goal is divided into 6 equal sections. If the pass made during the test is not accurate enough, the pass is repeated. The researcher measures 5 shot attempts made by the football player. If the shot made by the football player hits the upper right and left sections of the goal, the football player gets 6 points. If the shot touches the edge of these sections, the football player gets 1 point. If the shot hits the middle section, the football player gets 2 points. If the shot passes through the lower sections, the football player who shot gets 1 point (Rösch et al., 2000). The illustration of the Shooting the Ball Given by Foot Pass Test is given in Figure 4. Data Analysis Analyses were performed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) 27 IBM programme. For sample sizes of 10 and below 10, non-parametric methods are recommended because they do not rely on the assumption of normality, which is often violated in small data sets (Kim, 2024; Boedec, 2019; Dwivedi et al., 2017; Orhunbilge, 2000). In such studies, non-parametric tests such as the Wilcoxon signed-rank test can evaluate the differences between paired samples without relying on the normality assumption (Tsagris et al., 2020; Joel et al., 2020). In this context, the Wilcoxon signed-ranks test was used to determine the difference between the pre-test and post-test of the athletes in the study. In addition, the data were summarised by giving averages and standard deviations. The statistical significance level was accepted as p<0.05 in all evaluations. RESULTS In this section, the findings of the research are presented. Table 3. Comparison of pre-test and post-test measurements of the participants Tests N Mean Std. Deviation z p. Sprint Dribbling - Pre-test 10 24,66 1,576 -2,803 ,005** Sprint Dribbling - Post-test 10 21,33 1,693 Short Pass - Pre-test 10 9,60 3,026 -2,536 ,011* Short Pass - Post-test 10 12,60 2,119 Stopped (Dead) Ball Shooting - Pre-test 10 4,90 2,234 -2,825 ,005** Stopped (Dead) Ball Shooting - Post-test 10 11,50 1,780 Shooting the Ball Given by Foot Pass - Pre-test 10 5,80 5,959 -2,807 ,005** Shooting the Ball Given by Foot Pass - Post-test 10 14,60 4,695 Table 3 compares the pre-test and post-test results of the football players participating in the study for all parameters. A statistically significant difference was found between the pre-test and post-test values of sprint dribbling, short pass, shot with dead ball and shot with foot pass (p<0.05). In addition, while the speed dribbling averages of the footballers decreased in the post-test, the averages of the short passes, shots with the dead ball and shots with foot passes increased in the post-test. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION This study investigated the effect of different strength training (core, plyometric and resistance band) on the performance success of U 17 men's football team footballers in sprint dribbling, short pass, shot with standing ball and shot with foot pass. For this purpose, the parameters measured in the study were determined using two stages of research: pre-test and post-test. The results obtained were discussed and presented in the light of the literature. Evaluation of Sprint Dribbling Performance Dribbling is one of the techniques used in movements with the ball in football and should be performed by football players to improve their performance (Sridadi et al., 2021). In this direction, when the experimental group's pre-test and post-test measurement values were examined within the scope of the research, it was determined that the speed dripping values showed a statistically significant difference. When the mean values were compared, it was determined that the post-test measurement values were better. When the relevant literature is examined, it is seen that many studies conducted in this direction include core training (Brull & Beltran, 2021; Günebakan, 2024; Lago-Fuentes, Rey, Padrón-Cabo, Rellán-Guerra, Fragueiro-Rodríguez, & García-Núñez, 2018; Mor, Karakaş, Mor, Yurtseven, Yılmaz, & Acar, 2022; Prieske, Mühlbauer, Borde, Gube, Bruhn, Behm, & Granacher, 2016; Turna, 2020; Uluç & Durukan, 2023), plyometric training (Günebakan, 2024; Hammami, Negra, Aouadi, Shephard, & Chelly, 2016; Moore, Hickey & Reiser, 2005; Slimani, Chamari, Miarka, Del Vecchio, & Chéour, 2016) and resistance band training (Akyüz, 2023). In line with the results obtained, it was determined that strength training with core, plyometric and resistance bands improved the sprint dribbling performances of football players. Evaluation of Short Pass Performance Passing in football is an individual technical skill that every player must understand and recognise. The quality of passes must be high to dominate the ball. Positive and quality passes significantly contribute to a football team's success (Collet, 2013; Vembiarto & Lismadiana, 2018). In this direction, when the experimental group's pre-test and post-test measurement values were analysed, it was determined that the short-pass values showed a statistically significant difference. When the mean values were compared, it was determined that the post-test measurement values were better. When the relevant literature is examined, core training (Savaş, Eşkil, Türkmen, Yılmaz, & Fakazlı, 2020; Şimşek, 2019; Uluç & Durukan, 2023), plyometric training (Şimşek, 2019) performed on football players in many studies conducted in this direction overlap with our study findings. In line with the results obtained, it was determined that strength training with core, plyometric and resistance bands improved the short pass performances of football players. Evaluation of Shot Performance with Stopped(Dead) Ball Set-piece kicks are activities that occur during football matches and affect the outcome of the match (García, Maneiro, Suárez, Boubeta, López & Sanjurjo, 2018). In football, even a shot hitting the target indicates success (Lago, 2008; Tenga, Ronglan, & Bahr, 2010). In this direction, when the experimental group's pre-test and post-test measurement values were examined within the scope of the research, it was determined that the shot values with the dead ball showed a statistically significant difference. When the mean values were compared, it was determined that the post-test measurement values were better. When the relevant literature is examined, core training (Prieske et al., 2016; Savaş et al., 2020; Şimşek, 2019; Uluç & Durukan, 2023), plyometric training (Şimşek, 2019) and resistance band training (Akyüz, 2023; Granacher, Lesinski, Büsch, Muehlbauer, Prieske, Puta, Gollhofer, & Behm 2016; Prieske et al., 2016) performed on football players in many studies conducted in this direction coincide with our study findings. In line with the results obtained, it was determined that strength training with core, plyometric and resistance bands improved the deadball shooting performance of football players. Evaluation of Shooting the Ball Given by Foot Pass Performance The main goal of a football match is to score a goal. For this purpose, footballers attempt to score a goal by shooting the ball into the goal by creating a threat to the opponent (Fajen, Riley, & Turvey, 2008). In this direction, when the experimental group's pre-test and post-test measurement values were examined within the scope of the research, it was determined that the values of shooting the ball given with a foot pass showed a statistically significant difference. When the mean values were compared, it was determined that the post-test measurement values were better. When the relevant literature is examined, core training (Prieske et al., 2016; Savaş et al., 2020; Şimşek, 2019; Uluç & Durukan, 2023), plyometric training (Şimşek, 2019) and resistance band training (Akyüz, 2023; Granacher et al., 2016; Prieske et al., 2016) performed on football players in many studies conducted in this direction overlap with our study findings. In line with the results obtained, it was determined that strength training with core, plyometric and resistance bands improved the shooting performance of footballers. It can be said that different strength training (core, plyometric and resistance bands) performed with football players within the scope of the research increase the performance success of football players in sprint dribbling, short passes, shots with standing balls and shots with foot passes. Declarations Acknowledgements The authors appreciate the athletes who participated in this study. Author contribution The authors confirm contribution to the paper as follows: study conception and design: [Ahmet Turgut]; data collection: [Ahmet Turgut, Volkan Sural]; analysis and interpretation of results: [Ahmet Turgut, Muhsin Hazar, Volkan Sural, Metehan Şahin, Kayhan Serin]; draft manuscript preparation: [Ahmet Turgut, Muhsin Hazar, Volkan Sural, Metehan Şahin, Kayhan Serin]; review and editing; [Ahmet Turgut, Muhsin Hazar, Volkan Sural, Metehan Şahin, Kayhan Serin]; revision; [Ahmet Turgut, Muhsin Hazar, Volkan Sural, Metehan Şahin, Kayhan Serin]. All authors reviewed the results and approved the final version of the manuscript. Funding There are no financial supports. Data Availability The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Ethics approval and consent to participate This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethics approval was obtained from the ethics committee of the Gazi University (02, January 28, 2025). Informed consent was provided by all the participants. Consent for publication Not applicable. Competing interests The authors declare no competing interests. Clinical trial number Not applicable. References Aktuğ Z. (2013). Relationship of Isokınetıc Hamstrings-to-Quadriceps Peak Torque Ratio with Vertical Jump and Speed Performance in Soccer Players , Master Thesis, Selcuk University İnstitute of Health Science, Konya. Akyüz A. (2023). The Effect of Resistance Band Training on Some Football Technical Skills in Football Players Aged 16–18. Master Thesis, Selcuk University İnstitute of Health Science, Konya. Atan T, Kabadayı M, Elioz M, Çilhoraz B, Akyol P. Effect of jogging and core training after supramaximal exercise on recovery. Turk Sport Exerc Reviews. 2013;15(1):73–7. Aykora E, ve, Dönmez E. (2017). The Effects Of Plyometric Strength Exercises, Which are Applied According to the Tabata Protocol for the Female Volleyball Players. Journal of Bitlis Eren Universit Institute of Social Sciences, 6(1), 71–84. Axel TA, Crussemeyer JA, Dean K, Young DE. (2018). Field test performance of junior competitive surf athletes following a core strength training program. Int J Exerc Sci. Jun 1;11(6):696–707. Bangsbo J, Nørregaard L, Thorsø F. Activity profile of competition soccer. Can J sport Sci = J canadien des Sci du sport. 1991;16(2):110–6. Bangsbo J. The physiology of soccer with special reference to intense intermittent exercise. Acta Physiol Scand Suppl. 1994;619:1–155. Boedec KL. Reference interval estimation of small sample sizes: a methodologic comparison using a computer-simulation study. Vet Clin Pathol. 2019;48(2):335–46. 10.1111/vcp.12725 . Bompa TO, Haff G. (2009). Periodisation: Theory and Methodology of Training: Human kinetics. ISBN-13, 978-0736074834. Brull ME, Beltran GJV. (2021). Effects of a specific core stability program on the sprint and change-of-direction manoeuvrability performance in youth, male soccer players. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2021;26(18):10116. 10.3390/ijerph181910116 Büyüköztürk Ş. Deneysel Desenler (5) . [ Experimental Designs]. Ankara: Pegem; 2016. Chu DA. Jumping İnto Plyometrics. Human Kinetics; 1998. Clifford J. Diasporas. Cult Anthropol. 1994;9(3):302–38. Collet C. The possession game? A comparative analysis of ball retention and team success in European and international football , 2007–2010. J Sports Sci. 2013;31(2):123–36. 10.1080/02640414.2012.727455 . Denner A. (1987). Der Fussballer als Bodybuilder? Fussball Training, 11–16. Dwivedi AK, Mallawaarachchi I, Alvarado LA. Analysis of small sample size studies using a non-parametric bootstrap test with pooled resampling method. Stat Med. 2017;36(14):2187–205. 10.1002/sim.7263 . Dündar U. Antrenman Teorisi (9). Ankara: Nobel; 2015. [Training Theory]. Fajen BR, Riley MA, Turvey MT. Information, affordances, and the control of action in sport. Int J Sport Psycol. 2008;40(1):79–107. García LS, Maneiro R, Suárez A, Boubeta A, López AR, J. L. L., Sanjurjo CAC. (2018). Indirect free kicks in professional football. Identification of explanatory variables. Revista Internacional de Medicina. Ciencias de la Actividad Fisica y del Deporte, vol. 18, num. 70, pp. 247–268. 10.15366/rimcafd2018.70.004 Gonçalves PMD, Maifrino L, Gama E, Costa JBV, Souza R. Morphological changes caused by aging on skeletal muscles and effects of exercise: A literature review. J Morphol Sci. 2010;27:117–20. Granacher U, Lesinski M, Büsch D, Muehlbauer T, Prieske O, Puta C, Gollhofer A, Behm DG. Effects of resistance training in youth athletes on muscular fitness and athletic performance: A conceptual model for long-term athlete development. Front Physiol. 2016;7:164. 10.3389/fphys.2016.00164 . Günay M, Şıktar E, Şıktar E. Antrenman Bilimi. [Training Science.] Ankara: Özgür Web Ofset; 2017. Gündüz N. Antrenman Bilgisi. [Training Knowledge]. İzmir: Saray Tıp Kitabevleri; 1997. Günebakan T. (2024). The effect of different strength training on anaerobic power, speed and functional movement screen test scores in young football players Master Thesis, Gaziantep University İnstitute of Health Science, Gaziantep. Haff GG, Triplett NT, editors. (2015). Essentials Of Strength Training And Conditioning 4th Edition. Human Kinetics. Hammami M, Negra Y, Aouadi R, Shephard R, Chelly MS. (2016). Effects of an in-season plyometric training program on repeated change of direction and sprint performance in the junior soccer player . The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 2016; 30(12):3312–3320. 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001470 Helgerud J, Engen LC, Wisløff U, Hoff J. Aerobic endurance training improves soccer performance. Med Sci sports Exerc. 2001;33(11):1925–31. Joel AT, Ojo OD, Timothy OA, Ibukun OA, Jonathan OA, Ayedun AC. Comparison of Rank Transformation Test Statistics with Its Non-parametric Counterpart Using Real-Life Data. Math Stat. 2020;8(6):683–92. 10.13189/ms.2020.080608 . Kim SK, Kim S, Park J, Han E, Kim H, Choi YG, Kim MG, Kim K. (2024). Parametric analysis and normality assumption in phase 3 trials with small sample sizes. 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4447330/v1 Lago C. El análisis del rendimiento en los deportes de equipo. algunas consideraciones metodológicas. Acción motriz Tu revista científica Digit. 2008;1:41–58. Lago-Fuentes C, Rey E, Padrón-Cabo A, Rellán-Guerra AS, Fragueiro-Rodríguez A, García-Núñez J. Effects of core strength training using stable and unstable surfaces on physical fitness and functional performance in Professional female futsal players. J Hum Kinet. 2018;65:213–24. 10.2478/hukin-2018-0029 . Mayhew SR, Wenger HA. Time-motion analysis of professional soccer. J Hum Mov Stud. 1985;11(1):49–52. Moore EW, Hickey MS, Reiser RF. Comparison of two twelve week off-season combined training programs on entry level collegiate soccer players' performance. USA: J Strength Conditioning Res. 2005;19(4):791–8. 10.1519/R-15384.1 . Mor A, Karakaş F, Mor H, Yurtseven R, Yılmaz AK, Acar K. The effects of resıstance band exercıses on some performance parameters ın young football players. Spormetre J Physıcal Educatıon Sport Scıences. 2022;20(3):128–42. 10.33689/spormetre.1095371 . Nobari H, Silva AF, Clemente FM, Siahkouhian M, García-Gordillo MÁ, Adsuar JC, Pérez-Gómez J. Analysis of fitness status variations of under-16 soccer players over a season and their relationships with maturational status and training load. Front Physiol. 2021;11:1–11. Orhunbilge N. Örnekleme Yöntemleri ve Hipotez testleri. İstanbul: Avcıol Basım yayın; 2000. Prieske O, Mühlbauer T, Borde RA, Gube M, Bruhn S, Behm DG, Granacher U. Neuromuscular and athletic performance following core strength training in elite youth soccer: Role of instability. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2016;26(1):48–56. 10.1111/sms.12403 . Rösch D, Hodgson R, Peterson L, Graf-Baumann T, Junge A, Chomiak J, Dvorak J. Assessment and evaluation of football performance. Am J Sports Med. 2000;28(5suppl):29–39. Samson K, Sandrey M, Hetrick A. A core stabilisation training program for tennis athletes. Athletic Therapy Today. 2007;12(3):41. Savaş S, Eşkil KG, Türkmen İ, Yılmaz SH, Fakazlı ve, A. E. Investigation of the Effects of Core Training on Technical Skill Levels and FMS Scores in 10–12 Year-old Male Soccer Players. Gazi J Phys Educ Sport Sci. 2020;25:349–64. Slimani M, Chamari K, Miarka B, Del Vecchio F, Chéour F. Effects of plyometric training on physical fitness in team sport athletes: a systematic review. J Hum Kinetics. 2016;53(1):231–47. 10.1515/hukin-2016-0026 . Sridadi T, Septiasari EA, Parijan H, Ilham Y. Effect of technical training using a ball on the dribbling speed for football players aged 10–12 years. Int J Hum Mov Sports Sci. 2021;9(4):824–31. 10.13189/saj.2021.090429 . Şahin HM. Beden eğitimi ve sporda temel kavramlar sözlüğü . [Dictionary of basic concepts in physical education and sport]. Ankara: Nobel; 2004. Şimşek T. (2019). The Effect Of Core And Plyometrıc Traınıng On Motorıc And Technıcal Skılls Applıed To Soccer Players In Adolescent Perıod. Master Thesis, Hitit University İnstitute of Health Science. Çorum. Tenga A, Ronglan LT, Bahr R. Measuring the effectiveness of offensive match-play in professional soccer. Eur J Sport Sci. 2010;10(4):269–77. 10.1080/17461390903515170 . Tsagris M, Alenazi A, Verrou KM, Pandis N. Hypothesis testing for two population means: parametric or non-parametric test? J Stat Comput Simul. 2020;90(2):252–70. 10.1080/00949655.2019.1677659 . Turna B. The effects of 6-week core training on selected biomotor abilities in soccer players. J Educ Learn. 2020;9(1):99–109. 10.5539/jel.v9n1p99 . Uluç S, Durukan E. Investigation of the Effects of 12-Week Core Strength Training on Some Selected Motor Performance Parameters and Football Techniques and Skills: The Case of Female Footballers. Gumushane University. J Health Sci. 2023;12(2):567–80. 10.37989/gumussagbil.1225724 . Yang G, Chen W, Qi D, Zhang J, Men Z. The effects of a 6-week plyometric and sprint ınterval training ıntervention on soccer player's physical performance. J Sports Sci Med. 2024;23(3):526. 10.52082/jssm.2024.526 . Young WB, Rath DA. Enhancing foot velocity in football kicking: the role of strength training. J Strength Conditioning Res. 2011;25(2):561–6. 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181bf42eb . Vembiarto EG, Lismadiana M. (2018). The effect of various passing exercise and ankle coordination on the accuracy of short passing in football . In 2nd Yogyakarta International Seminar on Health, Physical Education, and Sport Science (YISHPESS 2018) and 1st Conference on Interdisciplinary Approach in Sports (CoIS, 2018) (pp. 322–326). Atlantis Press. 10.2991/yishpess-cois-18.2018.80 Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6439756","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":457967687,"identity":"8e725f6f-ad8c-4b28-a855-4bff493422dd","order_by":0,"name":"Ahmet Turgut","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Gazi University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ahmet","middleName":"","lastName":"Turgut","suffix":""},{"id":457967691,"identity":"eb2dbc16-2478-4f94-b002-80fb2acd270d","order_by":1,"name":"Muhsin Hazar","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA0UlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYFACHgaGBAYbIIOxgYGBjXgtaQgtPERpYWA4DOUQo0V3Ru7hDw93nLfr7z/cwPCh7DCDvfQB/FrMbuSlSSSeuZ0848DBBsYZ5w4z8PAlENKSY8aQ2HY7meFgYwMzbxtQCyGXAbUYf0hsO5csf5ixgfkvkVoMJBLbDtgZHANqYSRKy5k3ZkAtyQmGZxgbDvacS+fhOUNIy/Ec448/2+zs5c4ff/jgR5m1HHsPAS0wkNgAJA4wEBWTUGBPtMpRMApGwSgYeQAACm5DWf++uZUAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"","institution":"Gazi University, Sport Sciences Faculty, Ankara, Türkiye,","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Muhsin","middleName":"","lastName":"Hazar","suffix":""},{"id":457967692,"identity":"1c824d39-529a-436a-9338-fbd6458cf904","order_by":2,"name":"Volkan Sural","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Republic of Türkiye Ministry of National Education","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Volkan","middleName":"","lastName":"Sural","suffix":""},{"id":457967693,"identity":"cdc20d80-59df-457d-b5fd-8e9b029365ba","order_by":3,"name":"Metehan Şahin","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Gazi University, Institute of Health Sciences, Ankara, Türkiye","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Metehan","middleName":"","lastName":"Şahin","suffix":""},{"id":457967694,"identity":"2a0a1224-89c0-428b-8d41-611e31747259","order_by":4,"name":"Kayhan Serin","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Kayhan","middleName":"","lastName":"Serin","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-04-13 14:23:23","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6439756/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6439756/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":83146207,"identity":"a59e5af4-8f3d-41c1-88ee-a3a21ce1a076","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-05-20 13:05:17","extension":"jpeg","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":236826,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eSprint Dribbling Test.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"floatimage1.jpeg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6439756/v1/b29e51188f0daddd0d1d5b5c.jpeg"},{"id":83145450,"identity":"ab60a5ec-175a-4543-a559-9f48657f2f2f","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-05-20 12:57:17","extension":"png","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":43117,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eShort Pass Test\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"floatimage2.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6439756/v1/b65ff7dfc26a5e58f5462841.png"},{"id":83145452,"identity":"7367b9a5-92b2-40fc-b6d2-4eb46837fec2","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-05-20 12:57:17","extension":"jpeg","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":162440,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eStopped (Dead) Ball Shooting Test\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"floatimage3.jpeg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6439756/v1/e9931635f43a17a234557925.jpeg"},{"id":83147216,"identity":"11f6e7a0-b372-4e25-b0e4-a2c7a3f30e5a","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-05-20 13:13:17","extension":"jpeg","order_by":4,"title":"Figure 4","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":178772,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eShooting the Ball Given by Foot Pass Test\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"floatimage4.jpeg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6439756/v1/1f1d3aca9325c3af252c442f.jpeg"},{"id":88526190,"identity":"43a92563-dce0-44b2-b898-0883ce09a720","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-08-07 10:32:51","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1375941,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6439756/v1/7df51086-b1f9-4601-8066-66e276fecdfc.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"The Effect of Different Strength Training on Performance Success of U17 Football Team Athletes","fulltext":[{"header":"INTRODUCTION","content":"\u003cp\u003eFootball is a particularly physically demanding sport that includes jumps, turns, tackles, high-speed runs and sprints, and many short-term intense movements (Bangsbo et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1991\u003c/span\u003e; Bangsbo, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1994\u003c/span\u003e; Mayhew, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR32\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1985\u003c/span\u003e; Nobari et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR35\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e). Many factors affect soccer player performance. These factors are mobility, strength, speed, endurance, flexibility, quick thinking and decision-making (Helgerud et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR27\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2001\u003c/span\u003e). At the same time, in addition to physical ability, psychological skills, technical and tactical capacities of soccer players are also at a high level, positively affecting their performance success (Clifford, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1994\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe muscles' ability to contract or withstand a certain amount of resistance in the face of resistance is called strength (Şahin, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR43\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2004\u003c/span\u003e). Sprint strength, quick strength, striking strength, jumping strength and shooting strength, which affect athlete performance in soccer, are directly related to the general strength of soccer players (Aktuğ, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2013\u003c/span\u003e). With the development of the strength abilities of soccer players, their technical and conditional characteristics improve and develop. At the same time, small muscle groups, which can develop to a more limited degree than large muscle groups, are also strengthened (Denner, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR15\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1987\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExercises are important for soccer players. Exercises play a major role in improving soccer players' performance, reducing the possibility of injury, and staying at the highest level during the season. At this point, the effects of exercises performed with different equipment, such as resistance bands, on the physical fitness parameters of soccer players are important (Bompa \u0026amp; Haff, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2009\u003c/span\u003e). Resistance bands are efficient exercise equipment that helps challenge and strengthen individuals' muscles. By using resistance bands in their training, soccer players will likely increase their muscle strength and improve physical fitness parameters such as strength and endurance. Most studies have shown that exercises using resistance bands can improve soccer players' parameters such as jumping power, agility, speed and endurance. At the same time, it should be noted that the effects of resistance bands on soccer players' performance may vary from athlete to athlete and depending on the type of exercise. To exemplify this, some studies squat exercises performed using resistance bands increase the muscle strength and vertical jumping power of soccer players. In another example, it was found that leg opening and closing exercises performed with resistance bands contributed to agility and leg muscle strengthening in soccer players (Gon\u0026ccedil;alves et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR20\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2010\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe core is the region of the body that includes the centre of gravity of the body and consists of 29 muscles, including the \u0026ldquo;abdomen, waist, hips and pelvis\u0026rdquo; (Samson, Sandrey, \u0026amp; Hetrick, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR39\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2007\u003c/span\u003e). The exercise programs that aim to gain the strength of the deep muscles that keep the spine in balance and the muscles in the lumbopelvic region can be performed with human beings' body weights or by using various equipment such as exercise bands, pilates balls, bosu, are called core training (Atan, Kabadayı, Elioz, \u0026Ccedil;ilhoraz, \u0026amp; Akyol, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2013\u003c/span\u003e). Increasing the muscle stiffness of the trunk transfers the force more efficiently. This allows the extremities to move at a higher speed (Axel et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2018\u003c/span\u003e). In a study on core, core and plyometric training was applied to adolescent soccer players. As a result of these applications, motoric and technical skill development was determined in soccer players (Şimşek, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR44\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2019\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOne of the methods that both improves the explosiveness of athletes and contributes to the rapid and efficient use of the force stored in the muscles is plyometric training (Aykora \u0026amp; D\u0026ouml;nmez, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e). This training is also called reaching the maximum strength of the muscle in the shortest time and obtaining the maximum strength at this point; in other words, the muscles quickly and effectively generate maximum power (D\u0026uuml;ndar, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2015\u003c/span\u003e). Plyometric training is important for many branches in terms of athletes' strength and rapid utilisation of this strength, although there is as little increase in muscle tissue as possible. Plyometric training is mostly utilised in areas with excessive parameters such as power, speed, and explosiveness (G\u0026uuml;nay et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR22\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e). Plyometric exercises, standing and multiple jumps, box and depth jumps are also called plyometric exercises for the lower body. In addition, catches, medicine ball throws, and different drills are utilised for the upper body (Haff \u0026amp; Triplett, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR25\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2015\u003c/span\u003e). The materials used in such exercises are medicine balls of various weights, crates of different sizes, barriers, obstacles, funnels, ladders, weight vests and dumbbell sets (Chu, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR12\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1998\u003c/span\u003e). Plyometric training has been determined to affect soccer players' vertical jumps, agility and leg strength (Yarayan \u0026amp; M\u0026uuml;niroğlu, 2020).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhen the performance test results obtained in sports were evaluated, it was determined that strength directly or indirectly affects athlete performances in various sports fields (G\u0026uuml;nd\u0026uuml;z, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1997\u003c/span\u003e). Foot speed is critical during contact with the ball in soccer. This important factor is the speed of the ball and the distance of the kick when the footballer hits the ball. Therefore, strength training is important to determine training programs that can increase the foot speed of soccer players (Young \u0026amp; Rath, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR50\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2011\u003c/span\u003e). In this context, it was determined that different strength training programs applied to young soccer players had positive effects on anaerobic power, speed and functional movement screening test scores (G\u0026uuml;nebakan, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR24\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2024\u003c/span\u003e). The effect of sprint interval and plyometric training on improving the physical fitness of soccer players was determined. In particular, it was determined that there were many improvements in anaerobic power, vertical jump, linear speed and change of direction performance of soccer players (Yang, Chen, Qi, Zhang, \u0026amp; Men, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR49\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2024\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn this context, this research was planned to apply strength training consisting of resistance band, core and plyometric training, and the regular training program that will last 3 days a week for 8 weeks. The effect of these strength exercises on the performance success of soccer players will be examined by applying the speed dribbling tests, short pass tests, foot pass ball shooting tests and dead ball shooting tests.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"METHOD","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResearch Design\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Single Group Pre-Test - Post-Test Model\u0026rdquo;, one of the experimental methods, was applied in the study. Since the effect of the experimental process in the study was tested with the research applied on a single group, the \u0026ldquo;Single group pretest-posttest\u0026rdquo; experimental design, one of the quantitative research methods, was utilised. An experimental design is defined as a research design that is used to reveal the cause-and-effect relationships between variables (B\u0026uuml;y\u0026uuml;k\u0026ouml;zt\u0026uuml;rk, 2016).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStudy Group\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe study population consisted of athletes born in 2008 and 2009, forming the 17 U football teams. The sample in the study was determined by the purposive sampling method, which is one of the non-random sampling methods. The research was conducted with 10 volunteer male football players. The research was conducted with a single football team (Şekerspor) for the reliability of the research due to the effects of different training programmes. The informed consent form was obtained from the footballers before the research.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompliance with ethical standards\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethics approval was obtained from the ethics committee of the Gazi University (02, January 28, 2025).\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStudy Protocol\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe study group included in the research was applied resistance band for 2 days and core and plyometric exercises for 1 day. Resistance band characteristics are as follows: Red colour, moderately difficult resistance, 1.8 force-extension relationship; green colour, difficult resistance, 2.3 force-extension relationship; blue colour, very difficult resistance, 3.2 force-extension relationship. \u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResistance Band Training\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTable 1. Resistance band training programme\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDays\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResistance Band Training\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1. 2. and 3. week\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e4. 5. and 6. week\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e7. and 8. Week-\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResting\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cul\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eForward to Lateral Strep (Right foot),\u0026nbsp;\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eForward to Lateral Strep (Left foot),\u0026nbsp;\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eStraight Leg (Right foot),\u0026nbsp;\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eStraight Leg (Left foot),\u0026nbsp;\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eLateral Raise (Right foot),\u0026nbsp;\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eLateral Raise (Left foot),\u0026nbsp;\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eKnee Drive (Right foot),\u0026nbsp;\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eKnee Drive (Left foot),\u0026nbsp;\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eHamstring Curl (Right foot),\u0026nbsp;\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eHamstring Curl (Left foot),\u0026nbsp;\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eSquats,\u0026nbsp;\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eLateral Walk,\u0026nbsp;\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eDiagonal Walk,\u0026nbsp;\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eGlute Bridges,\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eScissors.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSet\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRepeat\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eResistance Band\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSet\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRepeat\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eResistance Band\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSet\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRepeat\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eResistance Band\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSet\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRepeat\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMonday\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20 sec\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRed\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20 sec\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGreen\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20 sec\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBlue\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20 sn\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e120 sec\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFriday\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20 sec\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRed\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20 sec\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGreen\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20 sec\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBlue\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20 sec\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e120 sec\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn addition to the in-season football training, a different strength training programme, including resistance band exercises specified in Table 1, was applied to the experimental group 2 days a week for 8 weeks.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCore and Plyometric Training\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTraining, two sets were done for the first 3 weeks. When the sets were over, 1 minute rest was made, and the other movement was started. Movements were performed for 15 seconds, and intermediate rests for 15 seconds. When done in this way, 1 set was completed. In the 4th, 5th and 6th week, three sets were made. When the sets were finished, a 1-minute and 30-second rest was performed, and the other movement was started. Movements were performed for 15 seconds, and intermediate rests for 15 seconds. When done in this way, 1 set was completed. In the 7th and 8th week, four sets were made. When the sets were finished, 2 minutes rest was made, and the other movement was started. Movements were performed for 15 seconds, and intermediate rests for 15 seconds. When performed in this way, 1 set was completed. The movements are as follows: Shuttle, Cross Shuttle, Reverse Shuttle, Plank, Crunch, Double Crunch, Drop jump, Box jump, Mini Squat jump and Split Squat Jump.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTable 2. Core and plyometric training programme\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDays\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCore and plyometric training\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1. 2. and 3. week\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e4. 5. and 6. week\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e7. and 8. week\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResting\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cul\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eSit-ups,\u0026nbsp;\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eCoss sit-ups,\u0026nbsp;\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eReverse sit-ups,\u0026nbsp;\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003ePlank, \u0026nbsp;\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eCrunch,\u0026nbsp;\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eDouble Crunch,\u0026nbsp;\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eDrop jump,\u0026nbsp;\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eBox jump,\u0026nbsp;\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eMini Squat jump\u0026nbsp;\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eSplit Squat Jump\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSet\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTekrar\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSet\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTekrar\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSet\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTekrar\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSet\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRepeat\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eWednesday\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20 sec\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20 sec\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20 sec\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20 sec\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e120 sec\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn addition to in-season football training, different strength training programmes, including core and plyometric exercises specified in Table 2, were applied to the experimental group 1 day a week for 8 weeks.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData Collection Tools\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1. Sprint Dribbling Test\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe sprint dribbling test provides a test of coordinated dribbling and speed under time pressure. On the \u0026lsquo;Ready and Go\u0026rsquo; signal, the athlete starts with the ball behind the line (1). After 5 metres, he dribbles to the right around the first post of the triangle (2). He/she passes around eight posts arranged in different ways. After 10 metres, he dribbles around a block/box (3). After 8 metres, he/she sends the ball forward on one side of the square (4) and runs to the other side (5) to retrieve the ball (6). He dribbles the ball quickly and passes his foot with the ball between the flags (7). The researcher measures a total of 3 attempts made by the footballer. Moreover, the best score is taken as the footballer\u0026apos;s sprint dribbling test (R\u0026ouml;sch et al., 2000). The Sprint Dribbling Test is shown in Figure 1.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2. Short Pass Test\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe short pass test measures the footballer\u0026apos;s coordination and passing accuracy with the moving ball. The footballer dribbles the ball from 4 metres to the line. The distance between the line and the goal is 11 metres. The width of the goal is 0.9 metres, and the height is 0.6 metres. The researcher measures five short pass tests performed by the footballer. If the ball enters the goal, he gets 3 points; if the ball touches the goalpost, he gets 1 point (R\u0026ouml;sch et al., 2000). The Short Pass Test is shown in Figure 2.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e3. Stopped (Dead) Ball Shooting Test\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe dead ball shooting test determines the measurement of shooting and accuracy with a dead ball. The football is placed 16 metres from the goal. The footballer shoots at the goal divided into six equal parts. The footballer throws the first shot to the upper right section. Then, he shoots at the upper left section. The researcher measures 3 shots of the footballer for each corner. If the footballer\u0026apos;s shot goes into the right compartment, he gets 3 points; if the ball touches the element (rope) bounding the compartments, he gets 1 point. 1 point if the ball passes through the centre section. However, if the shot passes through the lower compartments, the player receives zero (0) points (R\u0026ouml;sch et al., 2000). The illustration of the Stopped (Dead) Ball Shooting Test is given in Figure 3.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e4. Shooting the Ball Given by Foot Pass Test\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe test of shooting the ball with a foot pass measures the coordination and accuracy of the shot made by the football player with the pass coming from the ground. The researcher throws a pass from 20 meters to the penalty point. The football player throws the ball into the goal after a short run. The goal is divided into 6 equal sections. If the pass made during the test is not accurate enough, the pass is repeated. The researcher measures 5 shot attempts made by the football player. If the shot made by the football player hits the upper right and left sections of the goal, the football player gets 6 points. If the shot touches the edge of these sections, the football player gets 1 point. If the shot hits the middle section, the football player gets 2 points. If the shot passes through the lower sections, the football player who shot gets 1 point (R\u0026ouml;sch et al., 2000). The illustration of the Shooting the Ball Given by Foot Pass Test is given in Figure 4.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData Analysis\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnalyses were performed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) 27 IBM programme. For sample sizes of 10 and below 10, non-parametric methods are recommended because they do not rely on the assumption of normality, which is often violated in small data sets (Kim, 2024; Boedec, 2019; Dwivedi et al., 2017; Orhunbilge, 2000). In such studies, non-parametric tests such as the Wilcoxon signed-rank test can evaluate the differences between paired samples without relying on the normality assumption (Tsagris et al., 2020; Joel et al., 2020). In this context, the Wilcoxon signed-ranks test was used to determine the difference between the pre-test and post-test of the athletes in the study. In addition, the data were summarised by giving averages and standard deviations. The statistical significance level was accepted as p\u0026lt;0.05 in all evaluations.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"RESULTS","content":"\u003cp\u003eIn this section, the findings of the research are presented.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTable 3. Comparison of pre-test and post-test measurements of the participants\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTests\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMean\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStd. Deviation\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ez\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ep.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSprint Dribbling - Pre-test\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24,66\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,576\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-2,803\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e,005**\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSprint Dribbling - Post-test\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21,33\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,693\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eShort Pass - Pre-test\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9,60\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3,026\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-2,536\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e,011*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eShort Pass - Post-test\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12,60\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2,119\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStopped (Dead) Ball Shooting - Pre-test\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4,90\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2,234\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-2,825\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e,005**\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStopped (Dead) Ball Shooting - Post-test\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11,50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,780\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eShooting the Ball Given by Foot Pass - Pre-test\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5,80\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5,959\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-2,807\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e,005**\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eShooting the Ball Given by Foot Pass - Post-test\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14,60\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4,695\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTable 3 compares the pre-test and post-test results of the football players participating in the study for all parameters. A statistically significant difference was found between the pre-test and post-test values of sprint dribbling, short pass, shot with dead ball and shot with foot pass (p\u0026lt;0.05). In addition, while the speed dribbling averages of the footballers decreased in the post-test, the averages of the short passes, shots with the dead ball and shots with foot passes increased in the post-test.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION","content":"\u003cp\u003eThis study investigated the effect of different strength training (core, plyometric and resistance band) on the performance success of U 17 men's football team footballers in sprint dribbling, short pass, shot with standing ball and shot with foot pass. For this purpose, the parameters measured in the study were determined using two stages of research: pre-test and post-test. The results obtained were discussed and presented in the light of the literature.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eEvaluation of Sprint Dribbling Performance\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDribbling is one of the techniques used in movements with the ball in football and should be performed by football players to improve their performance (Sridadi et al., 2021).\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn this direction, when the experimental group's pre-test and post-test measurement values were examined within the scope of the research, it was determined that the speed dripping values showed a statistically significant difference. When the mean values were compared, it was determined that the post-test measurement values were better.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen the relevant literature is examined, it is seen that many studies conducted in this direction include core training (Brull \u0026amp; Beltran, 2021; Günebakan, 2024; Lago-Fuentes, Rey, Padrón-Cabo, Rellán-Guerra, Fragueiro-Rodríguez, \u0026amp; García-Núñez, 2018; Mor, Karakaş, Mor, Yurtseven, Yılmaz, \u0026amp; Acar, 2022; Prieske, Mühlbauer, Borde, Gube, Bruhn, Behm, \u0026amp; Granacher, 2016; Turna, 2020; Uluç \u0026amp; Durukan, 2023), plyometric training (Günebakan, 2024; Hammami, Negra, Aouadi, Shephard, \u0026amp; Chelly, 2016; Moore, Hickey \u0026amp; Reiser, 2005; Slimani, Chamari, Miarka, Del Vecchio, \u0026amp; Chéour, 2016) and resistance band training (Akyüz, 2023). In line with the results obtained, it was determined that strength training with core, plyometric and resistance bands improved the sprint dribbling performances of football players.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eEvaluation of Short Pass Performance\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePassing in football is an individual technical skill that every player must understand and recognise. The quality of passes must be high to dominate the ball. Positive and quality passes significantly contribute to a football team's success (Collet, 2013; Vembiarto \u0026amp; Lismadiana, 2018).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn this direction, when the experimental group's pre-test and post-test measurement values were analysed, it was determined that the short-pass values showed a statistically significant difference. When the mean values were compared, it was determined that the post-test measurement values were better.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen the relevant literature is examined, core training (Savaş, Eşkil, Türkmen, Yılmaz, \u0026amp; Fakazlı, 2020; Şimşek, 2019; Uluç \u0026amp; Durukan, 2023), plyometric training (Şimşek, 2019) performed on football players in many studies conducted in this direction overlap with our study findings. In line with the results obtained, it was determined that strength training with core, plyometric and resistance bands improved the short pass performances of football players.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eEvaluation of Shot Performance with Stopped(Dead) Ball\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSet-piece kicks are activities that occur during football matches and affect the outcome of the match (García, Maneiro, Suárez, Boubeta, López \u0026amp; Sanjurjo, 2018). In football, even a shot hitting the target indicates success (Lago, 2008; Tenga, Ronglan, \u0026amp; Bahr, 2010).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn this direction, when the experimental group's pre-test and post-test measurement values were examined within the scope of the research, it was determined that the shot values with the dead ball showed a statistically significant difference. When the mean values were compared, it was determined that the post-test measurement values were better.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen the relevant literature is examined, core training (Prieske et al., 2016; Savaş et al., 2020; Şimşek, 2019; Uluç \u0026amp; Durukan, 2023), plyometric training (Şimşek, 2019) and resistance band training (Akyüz, 2023; Granacher, Lesinski, Büsch, Muehlbauer, Prieske, Puta, Gollhofer, \u0026amp; Behm 2016; Prieske et al., 2016) performed on football players in many studies conducted in this direction coincide with our study findings. In line with the results obtained, it was determined that strength training with core, plyometric and resistance bands improved the deadball shooting performance of football players.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eEvaluation of Shooting the Ball Given by Foot Pass Performance\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe main goal of a football match is to score a goal. For this purpose, footballers attempt to score a goal by shooting the ball into the goal by creating a threat to the opponent (Fajen, Riley, \u0026amp; Turvey, 2008).\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn this direction, when the experimental group's pre-test and post-test measurement values were examined within the scope of the research, it was determined that the values of shooting the ball given with a foot pass showed a statistically significant difference. When the mean values were compared, it was determined that the post-test measurement values were better.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen the relevant literature is examined, core training (Prieske et al., 2016; Savaş et al., 2020; Şimşek, 2019; Uluç \u0026amp; Durukan, 2023), plyometric training (Şimşek, 2019) and resistance band training (Akyüz, 2023; Granacher et al., 2016; Prieske et al., 2016) performed on football players in many studies conducted in this direction overlap with our study findings. In line with the results obtained, it was determined that strength training with core, plyometric and resistance bands improved the shooting performance of footballers.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt can be said that different strength training (core, plyometric and resistance bands) performed with football players within the scope of the research increase the performance success of football players in sprint dribbling, short passes, shots with standing balls and shots with foot passes.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAcknowledgements\u003c/strong\u003e The authors appreciate the athletes who participated in this study.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAuthor contribution\u003c/strong\u003e The authors confirm contribution to the paper as follows: study conception and design: [Ahmet Turgut]; data collection: [Ahmet Turgut, Volkan Sural]; analysis and interpretation of results: [Ahmet Turgut, Muhsin Hazar, Volkan Sural, Metehan Şahin, Kayhan Serin]; draft manuscript preparation: [Ahmet Turgut, Muhsin Hazar, Volkan Sural, Metehan Şahin, Kayhan Serin]; review and editing; [Ahmet Turgut, Muhsin Hazar, Volkan Sural, Metehan Şahin, Kayhan Serin]; revision; [Ahmet Turgut, Muhsin Hazar, Volkan Sural, Metehan Şahin, Kayhan Serin]. All authors reviewed the results and approved the final version of the manuscript.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are no financial supports.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData Availability\u003c/strong\u003e The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEthics approval and consent to participate\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethics approval was obtained from the ethics committee of the Gazi University (02, January 28, 2025). Informed consent was provided by all the participants.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConsent for publication\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot applicable.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompeting interests\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors declare no competing interests.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eClinical trial number\u003c/strong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot applicable.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAktuğ Z. (2013). \u003cem\u003eRelationship of Isokınetıc Hamstrings-to-Quadriceps Peak Torque Ratio with Vertical Jump and Speed Performance in Soccer Players\u003c/em\u003e, Master Thesis, Selcuk University İnstitute of Health Science, Konya.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAky\u0026uuml;z A. (2023). \u003cem\u003eThe Effect of Resistance Band Training on Some Football Technical Skills in Football Players Aged 16\u0026ndash;18.\u003c/em\u003e Master Thesis, Selcuk University İnstitute of Health Science, Konya.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAtan T, Kabadayı M, Elioz M, \u0026Ccedil;ilhoraz B, Akyol P. Effect of jogging and core training after supramaximal exercise on recovery. Turk Sport Exerc Reviews. 2013;15(1):73\u0026ndash;7.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAykora E, ve, D\u0026ouml;nmez E. (2017). The Effects Of Plyometric Strength Exercises, Which are Applied According to the Tabata Protocol for the Female Volleyball Players. Journal of Bitlis Eren Universit Institute of Social Sciences, 6(1), 71\u0026ndash;84.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAxel TA, Crussemeyer JA, Dean K, Young DE. (2018). Field test performance of junior competitive surf athletes following a core strength training program. Int J Exerc Sci. Jun 1;11(6):696\u0026ndash;707.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBangsbo J, N\u0026oslash;rregaard L, Thors\u0026oslash; F. Activity profile of competition soccer. Can J sport Sci = J canadien des Sci du sport. 1991;16(2):110\u0026ndash;6.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBangsbo J. The physiology of soccer with special reference to intense intermittent exercise. Acta Physiol Scand Suppl. 1994;619:1\u0026ndash;155.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBoedec KL. Reference interval estimation of small sample sizes: a methodologic comparison using a computer-simulation study. Vet Clin Pathol. 2019;48(2):335\u0026ndash;46. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.1111/vcp.12725\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.1111/vcp.12725\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBompa TO, Haff G. (2009). Periodisation: Theory and Methodology of Training: Human kinetics. ISBN-13, 978-0736074834.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBrull ME, Beltran GJV. (2021). Effects of a specific core stability program on the sprint and change-of-direction manoeuvrability performance in youth, male soccer players. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2021;26(18):10116. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.3390/ijerph181910116\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.3390/ijerph181910116\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eB\u0026uuml;y\u0026uuml;k\u0026ouml;zt\u0026uuml;rk Ş. \u003cem\u003eDeneysel Desenler (5)\u003c/em\u003e. [ Experimental Designs]. Ankara: Pegem; 2016.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eChu DA. Jumping İnto Plyometrics. Human Kinetics; 1998.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eClifford J. Diasporas. Cult Anthropol. 1994;9(3):302\u0026ndash;38.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCollet C. \u003cem\u003eThe possession game? A comparative analysis of ball retention and team success in European and international football\u003c/em\u003e, 2007\u0026ndash;2010. J Sports Sci. 2013;31(2):123\u0026ndash;36. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.1080/02640414.2012.727455\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.1080/02640414.2012.727455\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eDenner A. (1987). \u003cem\u003eDer Fussballer als Bodybuilder?\u003c/em\u003e Fussball Training, 11\u0026ndash;16.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eDwivedi AK, Mallawaarachchi I, Alvarado LA. Analysis of small sample size studies using a non-parametric bootstrap test with pooled resampling method. Stat Med. 2017;36(14):2187\u0026ndash;205. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.1002/sim.7263\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.1002/sim.7263\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eD\u0026uuml;ndar U. Antrenman Teorisi (9). Ankara: Nobel; 2015. [Training Theory].\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eFajen BR, Riley MA, Turvey MT. Information, affordances, and the control of action in sport. Int J Sport Psycol. 2008;40(1):79\u0026ndash;107.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGarc\u0026iacute;a LS, Maneiro R, Su\u0026aacute;rez A, Boubeta A, L\u0026oacute;pez AR, J. L. L., Sanjurjo CAC. (2018). \u003cem\u003eIndirect free kicks in professional football. Identification of explanatory variables. Revista Internacional de Medicina.\u003c/em\u003e Ciencias de la Actividad Fisica y del Deporte, vol. 18, num. 70, pp. 247\u0026ndash;268. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.15366/rimcafd2018.70.004\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.15366/rimcafd2018.70.004\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGon\u0026ccedil;alves PMD, Maifrino L, Gama E, Costa JBV, Souza R. Morphological changes caused by aging on skeletal muscles and effects of exercise: A literature review. J Morphol Sci. 2010;27:117\u0026ndash;20.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGranacher U, Lesinski M, B\u0026uuml;sch D, Muehlbauer T, Prieske O, Puta C, Gollhofer A, Behm DG. Effects of resistance training in youth athletes on muscular fitness and athletic performance: A conceptual model for long-term athlete development. Front Physiol. 2016;7:164. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.3389/fphys.2016.00164\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.3389/fphys.2016.00164\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eG\u0026uuml;nay M, Şıktar E, Şıktar E. Antrenman Bilimi. [Training Science.] Ankara: \u0026Ouml;zg\u0026uuml;r Web Ofset; 2017.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eG\u0026uuml;nd\u0026uuml;z N. \u003cem\u003eAntrenman Bilgisi.\u003c/em\u003e [Training Knowledge]. İzmir: Saray Tıp Kitabevleri; 1997.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eG\u0026uuml;nebakan T. (2024). \u003cem\u003eThe effect of different strength training on anaerobic power, speed and functional movement screen test scores in young football players\u003c/em\u003e Master Thesis, Gaziantep University İnstitute of Health Science, Gaziantep.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eHaff GG, Triplett NT, editors. (2015). \u003cem\u003eEssentials Of Strength Training And Conditioning\u003c/em\u003e 4th Edition. Human Kinetics.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eHammami M, Negra Y, Aouadi R, Shephard R, Chelly MS. (2016). \u003cem\u003eEffects of an in-season plyometric training program on repeated change of direction and sprint performance in the junior soccer player\u003c/em\u003e. The Journal of Strength \u0026amp; Conditioning Research. 2016; 30(12):3312\u0026ndash;3320. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.1519/JSC.0000000000001470\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.1519/JSC.0000000000001470\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eHelgerud J, Engen LC, Wisl\u0026oslash;ff U, Hoff J. Aerobic endurance training improves soccer performance. Med Sci sports Exerc. 2001;33(11):1925\u0026ndash;31.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eJoel AT, Ojo OD, Timothy OA, Ibukun OA, Jonathan OA, Ayedun AC. Comparison of Rank Transformation Test Statistics with Its Non-parametric Counterpart Using Real-Life Data. Math Stat. 2020;8(6):683\u0026ndash;92. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.13189/ms.2020.080608\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.13189/ms.2020.080608\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eKim SK, Kim S, Park J, Han E, Kim H, Choi YG, Kim MG, Kim K. (2024). Parametric analysis and normality assumption in phase 3 trials with small sample sizes. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.21203/rs.3.rs-4447330/v1\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4447330/v1\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eLago C. El an\u0026aacute;lisis del rendimiento en los deportes de equipo. algunas consideraciones metodol\u0026oacute;gicas. Acci\u0026oacute;n motriz Tu revista cient\u0026iacute;fica Digit. 2008;1:41\u0026ndash;58.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eLago-Fuentes C, Rey E, Padr\u0026oacute;n-Cabo A, Rell\u0026aacute;n-Guerra AS, Fragueiro-Rodr\u0026iacute;guez A, Garc\u0026iacute;a-N\u0026uacute;\u0026ntilde;ez J. Effects of core strength training using stable and unstable surfaces on physical fitness and functional performance in Professional female futsal players. J Hum Kinet. 2018;65:213\u0026ndash;24. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.2478/hukin-2018-0029\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.2478/hukin-2018-0029\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMayhew SR, Wenger HA. Time-motion analysis of professional soccer. J Hum Mov Stud. 1985;11(1):49\u0026ndash;52.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMoore EW, Hickey MS, Reiser RF. Comparison of two twelve week off-season combined training programs on entry level collegiate soccer players' performance. USA: J Strength Conditioning Res. 2005;19(4):791\u0026ndash;8. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.1519/R-15384.1\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.1519/R-15384.1\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMor A, Karakaş F, Mor H, Yurtseven R, Yılmaz AK, Acar K. The effects of resıstance band exercıses on some performance parameters ın young football players. Spormetre J Physıcal Educatıon Sport Scıences. 2022;20(3):128\u0026ndash;42. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.33689/spormetre.1095371\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.33689/spormetre.1095371\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eNobari H, Silva AF, Clemente FM, Siahkouhian M, Garc\u0026iacute;a-Gordillo M\u0026Aacute;, Adsuar JC, P\u0026eacute;rez-G\u0026oacute;mez J. Analysis of fitness status variations of under-16 soccer players over a season and their relationships with maturational status and training load. Front Physiol. 2021;11:1\u0026ndash;11.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eOrhunbilge N. \u0026Ouml;rnekleme Y\u0026ouml;ntemleri ve Hipotez testleri. İstanbul: Avcıol Basım yayın; 2000.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003ePrieske O, M\u0026uuml;hlbauer T, Borde RA, Gube M, Bruhn S, Behm DG, Granacher U. Neuromuscular and athletic performance following core strength training in elite youth soccer: Role of instability. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2016;26(1):48\u0026ndash;56. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.1111/sms.12403\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.1111/sms.12403\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eR\u0026ouml;sch D, Hodgson R, Peterson L, Graf-Baumann T, Junge A, Chomiak J, Dvorak J. Assessment and evaluation of football performance. Am J Sports Med. 2000;28(5suppl):29\u0026ndash;39.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSamson K, Sandrey M, Hetrick A. A core stabilisation training program for tennis athletes. Athletic Therapy Today. 2007;12(3):41.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSavaş S, Eşkil KG, T\u0026uuml;rkmen İ, Yılmaz SH, Fakazlı ve, A. E. Investigation of the Effects of Core Training on Technical Skill Levels and FMS Scores in 10\u0026ndash;12 Year-old Male Soccer Players. Gazi J Phys Educ Sport Sci. 2020;25:349\u0026ndash;64.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSlimani M, Chamari K, Miarka B, Del Vecchio F, Ch\u0026eacute;our F. Effects of plyometric training on physical fitness in team sport athletes: a systematic review. J Hum Kinetics. 2016;53(1):231\u0026ndash;47. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.1515/hukin-2016-0026\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.1515/hukin-2016-0026\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSridadi T, Septiasari EA, Parijan H, Ilham Y. Effect of technical training using a ball on the dribbling speed for football players aged 10\u0026ndash;12 years. Int J Hum Mov Sports Sci. 2021;9(4):824\u0026ndash;31. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.13189/saj.2021.090429\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.13189/saj.2021.090429\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eŞahin HM. \u003cem\u003eBeden eğitimi ve sporda temel kavramlar s\u0026ouml;zl\u0026uuml;ğ\u0026uuml;\u003c/em\u003e. [Dictionary of basic concepts in physical education and sport]. Ankara: Nobel; 2004.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eŞimşek T. (2019). \u003cem\u003eThe Effect Of Core And Plyometrıc Traınıng On Motorıc And Technıcal Skılls Applıed To Soccer Players In Adolescent Perıod.\u003c/em\u003e Master Thesis, Hitit University İnstitute of Health Science. \u0026Ccedil;orum.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eTenga A, Ronglan LT, Bahr R. Measuring the effectiveness of offensive match-play in professional soccer. Eur J Sport Sci. 2010;10(4):269\u0026ndash;77. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.1080/17461390903515170\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.1080/17461390903515170\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eTsagris M, Alenazi A, Verrou KM, Pandis N. Hypothesis testing for two population means: parametric or non-parametric test? J Stat Comput Simul. 2020;90(2):252\u0026ndash;70. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.1080/00949655.2019.1677659\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.1080/00949655.2019.1677659\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eTurna B. The effects of 6-week core training on selected biomotor abilities in soccer players. J Educ Learn. 2020;9(1):99\u0026ndash;109. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.5539/jel.v9n1p99\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.5539/jel.v9n1p99\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eUlu\u0026ccedil; S, Durukan E. \u003cem\u003eInvestigation of the Effects of 12-Week Core Strength Training on Some Selected Motor Performance Parameters and Football Techniques and Skills: The Case of Female Footballers.\u003c/em\u003e Gumushane University. J Health Sci. 2023;12(2):567\u0026ndash;80. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.37989/gumussagbil.1225724\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.37989/gumussagbil.1225724\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eYang G, Chen W, Qi D, Zhang J, Men Z. The effects of a 6-week plyometric and sprint ınterval training ıntervention on soccer player's physical performance. J Sports Sci Med. 2024;23(3):526. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.52082/jssm.2024.526\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.52082/jssm.2024.526\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eYoung WB, Rath DA. Enhancing foot velocity in football kicking: the role of strength training. J Strength Conditioning Res. 2011;25(2):561\u0026ndash;6. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181bf42eb\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181bf42eb\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eVembiarto EG, Lismadiana M. (2018). \u003cem\u003eThe effect of various passing exercise and ankle coordination on the accuracy of short passing in football\u003c/em\u003e. In 2nd Yogyakarta International Seminar on Health, Physical Education, and Sport Science (YISHPESS 2018) and 1st Conference on Interdisciplinary Approach in Sports (CoIS, 2018) (pp. 322\u0026ndash;326). Atlantis Press. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.2991/yishpess-cois-18.2018.80\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.2991/yishpess-cois-18.2018.80\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ol\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Soccer, Resistance band, Core, Plyometric, Performance","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6439756/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6439756/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eThis study aimed to investigate the effect of a strength training program consisting of resistance band, core and plyometric training for 8 weeks on the performance success of football players. Ten active soccer players with an average age of X̄=16,60\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0,52 participated in the study. For the statistical analysis of the data, the changes in physical fitness parameters were examined after 8 weeks of the resistance band, core and plyometric training. The data were obtained by using the sprint dribbling test, short pass test, standing ball shooting test and foot pass ball shooting test developed by R\u0026ouml;sch, Hodgson, Peterson, Graf-Baumann, Junge, Chomiak, \u0026amp; Dvorak, 2000. In this context, the \"One Group Pre-Test - Post-Test Model\u0026rdquo;, one of the experimental methods, was applied in the study. Data analysis was performed with the SPSS 27 IBM program. In the study, the Wilcoxon signed-ranks test, one of the non-parametric tests, was used to determine the difference between the pre-test and post-test of the soccer players. In addition, the data were summarised by giving averages and standard deviations. According to the findings obtained from the research, it was determined that different strength training (core, plyometric and resistance band) increased the performance success of soccer players in sprint dribbling, short passes, shots with standing balls and shots with foot passes.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"The Effect of Different Strength Training on Performance Success of U17 Football Team Athletes","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-05-20 12:57:12","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6439756/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"90122e7c-93c5-43f9-ab86-3a2073ee223a","owner":[],"postedDate":"May 20th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-08-07T10:24:43+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-05-20 12:57:12","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-6439756","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-6439756","identity":"rs-6439756","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}