Effects of Written Corrective Feedback on Enhancing Students’ Essay Writing Accuracy and Their Perceptions of the Feedback Received

Effects of Written Corrective Feedback on Enhancing Students’ Essay Writing Accuracy and Their Perceptions of the Feedback Received | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Effects of Written Corrective Feedback on Enhancing Students’ Essay Writing Accuracy and Their Perceptions of the Feedback Received Asmelash Tesfaye Abrha, Abiy Yigzaw This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7551192/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 13 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The participants of the study were grade 11 students from Addis Ababa. There were a total of sixty students. Among them, thirty of the students were experimental group and thirty were control group which were assigned randomly. The instruments used as a data collection were; pre-test to check their background information, questionnaire to collect students’ perception, interview to get students’ dipper understanding, and post-test to check improvements of the students. WCF strategies (direct, indirect and metalinguistic) were used as an intervention in the experimental group essays. It was a mixed method (study) that was used as a research design in the study. Based on the study, it was found that most of the students preferred meta-linguistic feedback, most students found WCF helpful and expressed strong agreement in improving their writing accuracy, and some students struggled with indirect feedback and requested explanations on some symbols, codes or abbreviations. The most common errors the students made in their essays were identifying tenses and their grammatical forms, subject-verb agreement errors, capitalization and usage of punctuations. The students generally appreciated receiving WCF as it signals areas demanding improvement and fosters accuracy in their essay writing. Students perceived the WCF strategies not only as a means to improve their writing skills but also as a form of teacher support and engagement. Based on the result of the study it was recommended that teachers should give attention to the use of metalinguistic feedback type, feedback should be fitted to students’ proficiency levels and presented in clear, readable form for all symbols or codes used, students should also be given training on the concept and use of feedback effectively, and on the concepts of writing skills especially the essay writing skills clearly. accuracy enhancing essay writing skill perception written corrective feedback Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 16 Feb, 2026 Reviews received at journal 26 Jan, 2026 Reviews received at journal 22 Jan, 2026 Reviews received at journal 19 Jan, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 16 Jan, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 16 Jan, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 16 Jan, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 27 Dec, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 26 Dec, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 19 Nov, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 14 Oct, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 10 Oct, 2025 First submitted to journal 10 Oct, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7551192","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":550668569,"identity":"8282f663-57ec-4f84-a3f8-fdea1d0b85de","order_by":0,"name":"Asmelash Tesfaye Abrha","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAABG0lEQVRIie2PMUvDQBiGTwo3tdwmX4g0f+FCoXbwx9wtbhXBJYPETrfFrEpBf4BLykFcA4U62CNrpB0yOSlkkjgo3jm4mMa6Cd4zvrwP3/ciZLH8VUqEGAKEEaLQJyZhxz8o7EsJRgNnYhK6tbIMeJKZqEUh8T0v2Wl4RKbRY/kqYEfmN7wqKfLIbtaoQDGWlC3mJ7C+2/cjAZ1h8SxBP+ZfTlnzmaKXAsMZnxSHGHoC8LBQiVEYXTUrXq5ua/Ye8mutOG8CuoMLJes2hWbjFHHR4YlW3O4SgJIobb3i6y3Az+d8tl5gdy8ACvrVEaOwcUs/V7Oqegn51Upg54mGZ3Gs5EMdHHjE3TD/O/DZhG3rBpL9pm2xWCz/gA8DWWbnMcxUxAAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Asmelash","middleName":"Tesfaye","lastName":"Abrha","suffix":""},{"id":550668570,"identity":"0ac87795-bb3d-4b09-bc5c-436cce268462","order_by":1,"name":"Abiy Yigzaw","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Abiy","middleName":"","lastName":"Yigzaw","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-09-06 13:23:16","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7551192/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7551192/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":96878177,"identity":"48f3a5fa-a26d-4610-abd2-f15d9cfa0306","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-11-27 06:12:10","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":415960,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"1ArticleDiscoverPsychologyd1.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7551192/v1/623581af5edcd59e3dbf8d8e.pdf"},{"id":96878176,"identity":"fe0b1084-201d-46be-8456-6466b1eacd38","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-11-27 06:12:10","extension":"json","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":4730,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"d9701bd1784d494d9eb079f7b164aec8.json","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7551192/v1/14721a677698cd5c2c0bec7c.json"},{"id":96878178,"identity":"1636e0a4-9ef2-4589-a4a0-f3f56f217a33","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-11-27 06:12:14","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":405993,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"1ArticleDiscoverPsychology.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7551192/v1_covered_d60d4457-a9d7-4cf8-8ae5-54621660cf05.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003eEffects of Written Corrective Feedback on Enhancing Students’ Essay Writing Accuracy and Their Perceptions of the Feedback Received\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"discover-psychology","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"discpsy","sideBox":"Learn more about [Discover Psychology](https://www.springer.com/44202)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Discover Psychology","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Discover Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"accuracy, enhancing, essay writing skill, perception, written corrective feedback","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7551192/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7551192/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"The participants of the study were grade 11 students from Addis Ababa. 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