Presence of correlation on the cellular level in endometrial hyperproliferative processes

Increasing the proportion of endometrial cancer among malignant tumors of the female genital organs leads to studying features of endometrial hyperplasia, which is considered to be the background and precancerous conditions. Hence, prevention, appropriate treatment and effectiveness of the treatment become very important. We evaluated changes at the cellular and subcellular levels in endometrial hyperproliferative processes, making it possible to further evaluate the efficacy of hormone therapy. The study involved 105 premenopausal women with concomitant extragenital pathology. Among the diagnostic measures were general clinical examination, studying the levels of sex hormones and gonadotropins in serum, rate of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, transabdominal and transvaginal ultrasound, endoscopic examination using a hysteroscope firm "Karl Storz" and endometrial biopsy with subsequent histological examination of obtained tissues from the uterus. The activity of intracellular transport ATP system of endoplasmic reticulum of the endometrial cells (Ca2+, Mg2+ - ATP activity) was assessed by the difference of content of inorganic phosphorus, which was determined by the method of Fiske-Subarou. Analysing the results we revealed the presence of correlation parallels between histopathological characteristic changes of the endometrium and Ca2+, Mg2+ - ATP endoplasmic reticulum activity before and after progestagenes treatment of women with endometrial hyperplasia. The highest level of Ca2+, Mg2+ – ATP activity was determined in atypical endometrial hyperplasia. A decrease in activity of Ca2+, Mg2+ – ATP was observed in the following sequence: focal adenomatosis, nonatypical complex hyperplasia, simple nonatypical hyperplasia, endometrial polyps, phase of proliferation and secretion. It was established that the advantage of glandular component in polyps was accompanied by an increased activity of the enzyme, whereas the presence of fibrous component was characterized by their decline. Therefore, the reduction of Ca2+, Mg2+ – ATP activity and positive morphological transformation of the endometrium during progestine drugs therapy in women with endometrial hyperplasia indicate the efficiency and can be considered as prognostic criteria.