Thin Palladium Nanograins Film For Efficient And Selective Hydrogen Sensor

Thin Palladium Nanograins Film For Efficient And Selective Hydrogen Sensor | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Thin Palladium Nanograins Film For Efficient And Selective Hydrogen Sensor Joanna Rymarczyk, Izabela Stępińska, Mirosław Kozłowski This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7532940/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The development of reliable hydrogen sensors is pivotal for safety in hydrogen technologies. This paper presents the palladium material's ability for hydrogen sensing applications. The thin palladium nanograins films (Pd film) composed of nanograins show highly selective properties towards hydrogen. The films were obtained by palladium acetate evaporation via the Physical Vapor Deposition method. Scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were employed for studying the topography and morphology of films. The FTIR spectra demonstrated a total decomposition of Pd acetate during the deposition process while the TEM results received at high resolution mode confirmed that fine Pd nanograins with face-centred cubic (fcc) crystal structure were created. The sensing properties have been studied for different hydrogen concentrations from 50 ppm to 20,000 ppm in ambient conditions. The Pd nanograin films exhibited high sensitivity to hydrogen at concentrations as low as 0.005% and excellent selectivity against methane and ammonia. During the measurements, a decrease in the electrical resistance of films was observed. The formation of PdH x was responsible for this phenomenon and it was proved by the in-situ XRD studies. These findings suggest that Pd nanograin films are promising for hydrogen sensor technology. Palladium Sensor Hydrogen Physical Vapor Deposition Full Text Additional Declarations The authors declare no competing interests. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7532940","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":510058391,"identity":"492648bf-06da-4c6e-985d-2a5cb5c10a7c","order_by":0,"name":"Joanna Rymarczyk","email":"data:image/png;base64,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","orcid":"","institution":"Łukasiewicz Research Network Tele and Radio Research Institute","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Joanna","middleName":"","lastName":"Rymarczyk","suffix":""},{"id":510058392,"identity":"66da950b-1b82-4172-961b-0638a63bb8e6","order_by":1,"name":"Izabela Stępińska","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Łukasiewicz Research Network Tele and Radio Research Institute","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Izabela","middleName":"","lastName":"Stępińska","suffix":""},{"id":510058393,"identity":"df984e7f-12d1-4046-8412-cbeafc932f3f","order_by":2,"name":"Mirosław Kozłowski","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Łukasiewicz Research Network Tele and Radio Research Institute","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Mirosław","middleName":"","lastName":"Kozłowski","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-09-04 06:53:24","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":{"humanSubjects":false,"vertebrateSubjects":false,"conflictsOfInterestStatement":false,"humanSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false,"humanSubjectConsent":false,"humanSubjectClinicalTrial":false,"humanSubjectCaseReport":false,"vertebrateSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false},"doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7532940/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7532940/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":90668719,"identity":"497ca466-8839-45bc-9153-5e81f1182c84","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-09-05 13:10:04","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1339130,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"ThinPalladiumNanograinsFilmForEfficientAndSelectiveHydrogenSensor.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7532940/v1_covered_5687a1ad-0212-4237-bf5b-bf5a242ee5a3.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"The authors declare no competing interests.","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThin Palladium Nanograins Film For Efficient And Selective Hydrogen Sensor\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"Łukasiewicz Research Network – Tele and Radio Research Institute","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Palladium, Sensor, Hydrogen, Physical Vapor Deposition","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7532940/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7532940/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eThe development of reliable hydrogen sensors is pivotal for safety in hydrogen technologies. This paper presents the palladium material's ability for hydrogen sensing applications. The thin palladium nanograins films (Pd film) composed of nanograins show highly selective properties towards hydrogen. The films were obtained by palladium acetate evaporation via the Physical Vapor Deposition method. Scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were employed for studying the topography and morphology of films. The FTIR spectra demonstrated a total decomposition of Pd acetate during the deposition process while the TEM results received at high resolution mode confirmed that fine Pd nanograins with face-centred cubic (fcc) crystal structure were created. The sensing properties have been studied for different hydrogen concentrations from 50 ppm to 20,000 ppm in ambient conditions. The Pd nanograin films exhibited high sensitivity to hydrogen at concentrations as low as 0.005% and excellent selectivity against methane and ammonia. During the measurements, a decrease in the electrical resistance of films was observed. The formation of PdH\u003csub\u003ex\u003c/sub\u003e was responsible for this phenomenon and it was proved by the in-situ XRD studies. 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